CaChaLuPaPi Inc.

Development Plan

CACHOLA, Allyson Kae L.

CHAN, Aaron Jerrimyre G.

LUMINANG, John Chris S.

PAGADUAN, Kyla Sameefaye D.

PIMENTEL, Jade Robynne M.

Submitted To:

Albert P. Bayawa II, MaEd

12/6/19
 I. INTRODUCTION

CaChaLuPaPi Inc. is dedicated to providing the safest and most innovative designs for their
customers. Creating this bridge for the two biggest barangays in our area, to facilitate a faster
means of transportation, is an opportunity that the engineers will not hesitate to jump on and put
all of their efforts towards. However, before creating the bridge, they must first determine the
width of the river through the use of trigonometric relationships, as it would be too impractical to
physically measure out the bridge. After deriving the width of the river, they will provide that
information to the design department to develop the bridge’s design.

II. DESIGN

The engineers chose to construct a Truss Bridge, which uses triangles as supports above or
below the deck to increase the amount of weight that the bridge can hold. There are many
different Truss Bridge types, however, the engineers chose to utilize the Pratt Bridge design as it
is quite cost-effective, while still maintaining its simplicity and ability to handle a mix of
different loads, spanning from people, to cars, and even to trucks.

The material utilized for the construction of the bridge was chosen to be a mixture of steel
and concrete. Steel was chosen because of its high strength in both compression and tension. It is
also a ductile material, as it can be bent or shaped easily into different forms. Despite it being a
bit more expensive than iron and such, it is of much higher quality and longetivity, which will be
more cost-effective in the long run. Concrete, on the other hand, was chosen because it is a
versatile material that could be shaped into different forms using molds. While it cannot handle
tensile forces very well, steel is added to further reinforce the material.

Figure 2.1. Pratt Truss

III. EQUATION AND COMPUTATIONS FOR THE BRIDGE

To derive the width of the river, the engineers first named 3 points: A, B, and C. Point C is
on the opposite end of the river, across from point B, which is on the side of the engineers. Point
A is situated around 60 meters away from point B, on the same side. Utilizing a theodolite, a
device used to measure angles precisely both horizontally and vertically, they found ∠B
measuring at 90°, and ∠A being equal to 45°. From the measurements given, the engineers were
able to use trigonemetric functions based on a right-angled triangle, specifically the tangent (tan)
function, as they had the length of the adjacent side, while looking for the length of the opposite
side.
 x
The final equation for the river’s width is tan(45°) = , with x being the unknown variable,
60
or the width of the river. The computation and diagram can be found below.

DIAGRAM: COMPUTATION:
C

GIVEN: FORMULA:

x AB = 60 m Find BC.

x
BC = x tan(45°) =
45° 60
A 60 m B
Figure 3.1. River Diagram x
∠A = 45° 60(tan(45°))=( )60
60

60 m = x

IV. EQUATION AND COMPUTATIONS FOR THE TRIANGLES

After deriving the measurements for the bridge, they would then have to derive how high the
bridge would have to be, in order to ensure that the stability of the bridge would not be
compromised. Inn order to do so, the engineers then utilized the same method that they used to
locate the river’s width. They set 3 points again, A, B, and C. Point C is on the opposite end of
the river, across from point B, which is on the side of the engineers. Point A is situated around
10 meters away from point B, on the same side. Utilizing a theodolite, a device used to measure
angles precisely both horizontally and vertically, they found ∠B measuring at 90°, and ∠A being
equal to 45°. From the measurements given, the engineers were able to use trigonemetric
functions based on a right-angled triangle, specifically the tangent (tan) function, as they had the
length of the adjacent side, while looking for the length of the opposite side.

For the triangles that make up the Pratt Truss part of the bridge, the final equation is
x
tan(45°) = , with x being the unknown variable, or the height of the triangle. The height that
10
they were able to derive was 10 meters. The computation and diagram can be found below.
DIAGRAM: COMPUTATION:
C

GIVEN: FORMULA:

x AB = 10 m Find BC.

x
BC = x tan(45°) =
45° 10
A 10 m B
Figure 4.1. Triangle Diagram x
∠A = 45° 10(tan(45°))=( )10
10

10 m = x

V. DIMENSIONS

Once the engineers found the final measurement of the width of the river, which is 60 meters,
as well as the supposed height of the triangles that made up the Pratt Truss section of the bridge,
they were able to give the measurements to the design team, to finalize the bridge. Following the
given design, the design team came up with the following measurements:

A.) Whole Bridge

SCALE in BLUEPRINT: 3 millimeters to 1 meter

These measurements were created with cost-effectivity and safety in mind. Our design team
worked with our researchers to select the measurements that could best support our bridge,
basing upon research and testing. To fully understand the measurements and how they are able to
work together, please refer to the attached blueprint.