PG – Dissertation 2018-20

From
Mrs. Lopa N. Patel,
1st year [Link] Nursing,
(Community Health Nursing)
Sumandeep Nursing College,
Sumandeep Vidhyapeeth,
Piparia, Waghodia,
Vadodara.

To,
The Member Secretary,
SVIEC,
Sumandeep Vidyapeeth,
Through The HRRP co-ordinator, SNC

Subject: - Requesting for ethical clearance to conduct research study

Respected Sir,

As above cited, I request you to grant ethical clearance for PG – Dissertation titled “A
comparative study to assess the Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and
urban areas of Vadodara . ”

Hope you will consider my request as early as possible,

Thanking You.

Yours Faithfully
Mrs Lopa Patel
st
1 Year [Link]. Nursing
Date:
Place
INTRODUCTION

Ageing which is a natural and universal phenomenon has multidimensional process

which is not only viewed as biological and medical concern alone but of social, economic,
psychological and demographical importance. The emotional support, health care, financial
support and socializing activities were left unfulfilled. In the empty nest stage of the life
cycle, the person's social obligations, privileges and expectations undergo a change. In other
words, we can say that old age is a shift in an individual's position from active social
participation to significant decline in role performance and from economic self-sufficiency
to economic dependence. The aged feel lonely, dependent and marginalized.1
Ageing is a normal, biological phenomenon. Ageing of the population is occurring
throughout the world, more rapidly in developing countries. United Nations considered 60
years to be dividing line between ‘old age ‘and ‘middle and younger age group’. Threshold
of old age (Meisheri 1992). In most of the erotological literature, people above 60 years of
age are considered as ‘old’ and constituting the ‘elderly’ segment of the population
(Prakash 1999).2
At present, ageing has become a social problem because socio-economic shifts are
affecting the ability of the family to continue with traditional care giving roles toward
elders. The life of senior citizens becomes more difficult when problems related to
fulfilment of basic requirements such as social relations; personal care, nutrition and
accommodation are added to old age health problems. This kind of adverse issue results in
the impairment of respect of life and reduces the satisfaction acquired from life.3
Ageing is a universal phenomenon characterised by an increased risk of morbidity,
disability, reduced functional capacity and eventually death. Due to better accessibility and
availability of quality health care services, a continuous demographic transition is occurring
leading to an increase in life expectancy. The proportion of people aged 60 years and above
is increasing over a period of time. By 2020, for the first time in history, the number of
people aged 60 years and older will outnumber the children younger than 5 years and by
2050, the world’s population aged 60 years and older is expected to total 2 billion, up from
841 million today.4
In India, the proportion of geriatric population was around 7% in 2001 which is
expected to rise to 11.6% by 2026. As per 2011 census8% of population was aged 60 years
& above, 8.1% in rural settings and 7.9% in urban settings.5 Due to epidemiologic
transition, there is a shift from communicable diseases to various lifestyle disorders and
chronic diseases. Elderly population especially is vulnerable to chronic co-morbid
conditions, isolation, social insecurity and depression. With an increase in life expectancy,
one of the greatest challenges of public health is to improve the quality of life in later
years.6
In India, migrants from the villages and towns to cities predominate, resulting in
breaking up of families into nuclear families. The aged who are left behind have to fend for
them. This is leading to an increased danger of marginalization of the geriatric population
due to migration, urbanization, and globalization. Another impact of the globalization is the
increasing economic burden on the elderly, especially the women who have practically non-
existent property rights and other social security measures.7
Old age is the last stage of human life span, accompanied with decreasing energy
and body resources. According to the internationally accepted definition; an aged is one
who is sixty five years of age or above. In India however, all persons who are sixty years or
above are considered are included among the aged.1It is terminal stage of the one’s life
cycle with decreasing energy and the body resources with infirmities due to decaying and
weakening of one’s bodily organs. According to human growth and developmental chart,
old age starts from sixty years till death.2
The WHO defines QOL as an individual's perception of their position in life in the
context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals,
expectations, standards and concerns.7 Quality of life is a holistic approach that not only
emphasizes on individuals’ physical, psychological, and spiritual functioning but also their
connections with their environments; and opportunities for maintaining and enhancing
skills. Ageing, along with the functional decline, economic dependence, and social cut off,
autonomy of young generation, compromises quality of life. The dilemma of dichotomy of
longetivity on one hand and enormously compromised QOL is indeed perplexing.
Reluctance in caring of elderly and concept of QOL is not yet popular in India.9
Urbanization, modernization and globalization have led to change in the economic
structure, the erosion of societal values, weakening of social values, and social institutions
such as the joint family. In this changing economic and social milieu, the younger
generation is searching for new identities encompassing economic independence and
redefined social roles within, as well as outside, the family. The traditional sense of duty
and obligation of the younger generation towards their older generation is being eroded.
The older generation is caught between the decline in traditional values on one hand and the
absence of adequate social security system on the other. Illness increases with age. All else
being equal, an older population has greater needs for health care. This logic has led to dire
predictions of skyrocketing costs-”apocalyptic demography”. 10
Study done by Verma (2008) shows that total QOL in urban area is significantly
better than rural. But as per our assumption, in rural areas, the elderly work till their body
permits they experience power, prestige in family and social life and economic
independence while in urban areas, the elderly work for certain age limit as per their jobs,
after which they suffer from economic insecurity, loss of power leading to low quality of
life. So, we are trying to explore the domain in which rural – urban population are lacking
and recommend the measures to improve the quality of life.11

NEED FOR THE STUDY

The demographic transition commonly known as the ‘graying of age’ is posing a

challenge to the entire world. Population aging is an inevitable product of demographic
transition. Changes in demographic components namely fertility mortality and migration
determines the age structure of the population. The changes in the demographic structure of
the societies during the last few decades, particularly in developing countries, have made
aged a socially noticeable section of society.12
In most countries around the globe the elderly population is growing dramatically
both in absolute numbers and as a percentage of population. The United Nations foresees
that by 2025, 14.28 % of the world's population will be over 60 years. As for the statistics
in developed countries, the senior citizens constitute 17% of the total population in Sweden,
12% in the United States and 11% in Canada the phenomenon of population aging with its
related problems is not confined to developed countries. It is also an emerging problem in
the developing countries. By the year 2025, it is estimated that roughly two out of three of
the world's elderly people will be in developing countries compared to the 50 % in 1960.13
India like many other developing countries in the world is witnessing the rapid
aging of its population. The 2001 census has shown that the elderly population of India
accounted for 77 million. While the elderly constituted only 24 million in 1961, it increased
to 43 million in 1981 and to 57 million in [Link] proportion of elderly persons in the
population of India rose from 5.63 per cent in 1961 to 6.58 per cent in and to 7.5 per cent in
[Link] size of India’s elderly population aged 60 and above is expected to increase from
77 million in 2001 to 179 million in 2031 and further to 301 million in 2051. The
proportion is likely to reach 12 per cent in 2031 and 17 per cent in 2051.14
The total population of elderly in Karnataka was 74.2% males-74.3% and females-
74.1% in the year 1995 which has considerably increased now to 7.5% of Total population
76 million. Aged Male 7.1% of total population 7 million Aged Female 7.8% of total
population 38 million in 2001. Projected Elderly Population in 2008 at average 7.5% will
be 8, 60, 75, 775 (86 million) According to UN by 2050, nearly 20% of India’s population
will comprise of people over the age of 60 years in the census of 2001.15
Quality of life continues to be an important construct in the psycho-social study of
aging. It is one of the commonly accepted subjective conditions of life satisfaction and
seems to be one of the facets of successful aging, both of which are key concepts in aging.
Research reports that Quality of life is strongly related to socio-demographic and psycho-
social variables. Old age means reduced physical ability, declining mental ability, the
gradual giving up of role playing in socio-economic activities, and a shift in economic
status moving from economic independence to economic dependence upon other’s for
support .16
The study Predictors of Quality of Life in Frail Elderly, examined the relationship
between quality of life and physical status, emotional health, social support and locus of
control in the frail elderly. A random sample of 99 low-income, frail elderly living in the
community was interviewed. Almost 40% of participants reported high levels Quality of
life. Multiple regression analysis identified four significant predictors of quality of life
.Perceived physical health, social support, emotional balance, and locus of control. Physical
health emerged as the most significant predictor of quality of life accounting for 14% of the
variance. Social support, emotional balance and locus of control each accounted for an
additional 6% of the variance in quality of life.17
In India as elsewhere, life expectancy has improved with better medical care and
improved nutrition. As a result, people are living longer. They constitute a vastly
experienced human resource with tremendous potential to contribute to national
development. Their well- being is the concern of both the society and the state. The
traditional Indian family structure provides adequate mechanism for meeting their needs.18
Family is the main source of care giving to all its members. One’s need for and
ability to give care is negotiated by one’s place in family life cycle. Nowadays, the role of
families in case of older person has declined due to structural changes which have taken
place in the Indian society and the concomitant disintegration of the joint family system,
which results in the rejection or neglect of the aged. Life in institutions need not be bad but
it commonly is. This holds true everywhere in the world. People go to institutions mainly
because they have no relatives to care for them. Thus, the individuals who see alternative
accommodation due to isolation or loneliness, relocation of congregate – style
accommodation may increase their social contact and have a positive One of the major
impacts of globalization is breaking up of traditional family system. 19s
The study, Assessment of Quality of Life among Rural and Urban Elderly
Population of Wardha District, Maharashtra, was carried out with two-fold objectives to
assess the difference of quality of life between rural and urban elderly population and to
find out the association between the socio-demographic profile and quality of life of elderly
population. The community based cross sectional study was conducted on 800 elderly
subjects selected from urban and rural using multistage simple random technique.
Interviews were conducted using pre-tested questionnaire by trained interviewers to collect
data. The WHO-QOL BREF was used to assess the quality of life. The study showed that
the elders living in the urban community reported significant lower level of quality of life in
the physical and psychological domains than the rural elderly populations. The rural elderly
population reported significant lower level of quality of life in the domain of social and
environmental relation by 57.1% than urban population. The difference between the quality
of life in rural and urban elderly population is due to the difference in the socio-
demographic factors, social resource, lifestyle behaviours and income adequacy. 20
The elderly citizens are in need of urgent attention. They do not need our pity, but
the understanding love and care of their fellow human beings. It is our duty to see that they
do not spend the twilight years of their life in isolation, pain and misery. Older persons are,
therefore, in need of vital support that will keep important aspects of their lifestyles intact
while improving their over-all quality of life.21

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

“A comparative study to assess the Quality life of elderly residing at selected rural and
urban areas of Vadodara.”
OBJECTIVES

 Assess Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and urban areas.
 Compare the quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and urban areas.
 Find out the association between the quality life of elderly people residing at selected
rural and urban areas with their selected demographic variable.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

Assess

 Refers to the systematic method of identifying, measuring, evaluating and judging

quality of life of elderly people.

Quality of life

 Refers to an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the

culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals,
expectations, standards and concerns.

Elderly people

 Refers to a elderly people who aged 60 year and above those who are residing at
selected rural and urban areas of Vadodara district.

Selected rural and urban areas

 Rural areas refers to an areas of Waghodiya Taluka which is managed and

controlled by Gram panchayat and Urban areas refers to an areas of vadodara which
is managed and controlled by municipality corporation.

ASSUMPTION

 Elderly people may have poor Quality of life.

HYPOTHESES

H1: There will be a significant difference between the quality of life of elderly residing
at selected rural and urban areas of Vadodara district.

H2: There will be a significant relationship between the quality of life of elderly people
residing at selected rural and urban areas with their selected demographic variable.
DELIMITATIONS OF STUDY

The study is delimited to,

 Study was limited only to age 60 years and above.

 The sample size is limited to 100 [50 samples from rural areas and 50 from urban
areas].

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Review of literature is a key step in research process. The typical purpose for analysis or
reviewing literature is to generate research questions to identify what is known and not
known about a topic. The major goal of review of literature is to develop a strong
knowledge based to carry out research and other non research scholarly activities. The
review of literature for the present study is given below.
A Comparative study was conducted RashmiKumari1 (2018) Quality of Life and Its
Associated Factors among Rural and Urban Elderly Population of North India. Quality of
life (QOL) is an important area of concern among elderly which reflects the health status
and well-being of this vulnerable group of population. The present study was conducted
with an objective of assessment of QOL and its associated factors among rural and urban
elderly population. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 390
elderly subjects residing in rural and urban areas of Jammu. Brief version of the WHO QOL
scale (WHOQOLBREF) was used to assess the Quality of Life. Analysis of results was
done using Independent sample t- test and multiple linear regression analysis. A sample of
200 rural and 190 urban elderly subjects was analysed. Overall mean score for different
domains of QOL was 59.19± 11.87 with a significantly higher score for urban subjects,
indicating a better QOL as compared to their rural counterparts (p<0.05). Morbidity status
and residence emerged to be significant predictors of QOL. Policy makers should evaluate
the implementation of successful programmes for the elderly, especially in rural parts of our
country so as to improve their QOL.22

A Comparative study was conducted V. R. Zare (2018) Health status of elderly among
urban and rural dwellers Due to advancement in the medical science; the life expectancy is
showing an increase in every census. The objective of the study was to assess and compare
the health status of elderly in urban areas of Shapur and rural areas of Gummadidala. A
Community based cross sectional study was carried out in rural areas located at
Gummadidala, Nallavelli, Anantharam and in urban areas located at Shapur,
Kalavathinagar, Subashnagar among geriatric aged people above 60 years. Study was
conducted over a period of eight months from August 2017 to March 2018. Overall almost
all diseases were more common in rural elders compared to the urban elders except
gynecological diseases. Among these hypertension, ear diseases, skin diseases,
musculoskeletal disorders, psychological disorders, cancer and neurological diseases were
significantly more common in rural elders than urban elders (p<0.05). Only gynecological
diseases were significantly more common in urban women and this may be due to more
percentage of hysterectomies among rural females. Elderly people in the rural areas are
more prone to suffer from diseases as compared to their urban counterparts.23

A study was conducted Barti Chawla (2018) Take a stand against ageism: quality of life
among elderly in a rural area of Himachal Pradesh Quality of life (QOL) among elderly is
an important area of concern which reflects the health status and well-being of this
vulnerable population. The WHOQOL-BREF contains a total of 26 questions which
measures QOL is being used in this study. It is a community based observational study with
cross-sectional design carried out on 100 elderly (60+year age) in a rural area of Solan
district using pre-designed, pretested and semi-structured interview schedule, which is
based on WHOQOL-BREF standard quality of life questionnaire. Appropriate statistical
tests were used for analysis using SPSS software. Majority 60% of the subjects were in the
age group of 60-70 years, 62% of them were males and 38% of them were females. The
mean score value of physical domain, psychological growth, social relations and
environment domain among the subjects was found to be 52.50±10.56, 52.86±13.25,
61.15±16.06 and 63.92±11.10 respectively. The mean score of all four domains was found
higher among age group 60-70 than age group >70 and It was statistically significant in
social domain with p value of 0.017. By gender, mean score of all four individual domains
was found higher among males as compared to females but this difference was not
statistically significant. The overall quality of life was poor among the study subjects. The
subjects who were illiterate, unmarried/widow/widower/divorced/separated, belonged to
nuclear family had poor quality of life compared to those who were literate married and
belonged to joint family. Males had comparatively better quality of life compared to
females in the study area.24

A study was conducted Vahab Karamivand (2018) Supportive needs of urban and rural
elders. Today, in most urban and rural communities, younger members of the family are
moving away from their families and undermining neighbouring networks, resulting in
some elderly people, being subject to deprivation due to transportation problems, health
services And poorly educated or lack of access to information. That is they need more
support, the purpose of this study was to compare the support needs of urban and rural
elders who referred to health centres in Kermanshah in 2016. This research was descriptive-
comparative Study. 384 elderly (192 urban elderly and 192 rural) were selected by random
cluster sampling method from health centres of Kermanshah. Two Part questionnaires
including demographic and support needs were used for data collection. To analyze the
data, t-test and Chi-square was used. The results study, showed that urban elders had more
spiritual needs than the rural elderly (P<0.02). Also, the results showed that the difference
between health care needs, educational, recreation and transportation (p<0.01). There is a
significant relationship between the support needs in rural and urban elder’s people who
have more needs for urban elderly people. But in the case of nutritional needs and the need
for personal care housing and safety, there was no significant difference between rural and
urban elderly. According to the findings, developing educational programs for urban elders
will be effective in meeting their spiritual needs. On the other hand, creating recreational
facilities, meeting health needs and increasing the level of literacy especially is essential for
increasing social interactions to prevent social isolation.25

A comparative study was conducted V. K. Usha (2016) Quality of Life of Senior Citizens a
Rural-Urban. Quality of life (QOL) of senior citizens is greatly influenced by their previous
lifestyle, culture, education, health care beliefs, family strengths, and integration into the
communities. To assess the socio-demographic profile, QOL, and to compare the QOL of
senior citizens in rural and urban areas. Data were collected from 830 rural senior citizens
and 120 urban senior citizens through multistage random sampling technique. The tools
used in this study were socio-demographic data sheet and WHO [Link]
of senior citizens belonged to the age group 65–75 years in rural (65.3%) and urban (65%)
areas and majority were females (rural 61.4% and urban 66.7%). A major percentage
(44.7%) of senior citizens in rural areas lived with their spouses and children, whereas 40%
of them in urban areas lived with their children and 40% with their spouse and children.
Majority of study subjects in rural (90.6%) and urban areas (97.5%) were not involved in
any social activities. The senior citizens in urban areas showed better QOL than the senior
citizens in rural areas. This was statistically significant in the overall perception of QOL,
the overall perception of health, physical health, psychological health, and environment (P
< 0.05).This study showed that QOL was poorer among senior citizens in rural areas. In
Training of voluntary workers, health care professionals, and family members on the care of
senior citizens should be implemented. QOL of senior citizens could be enhanced only with
the support of family members.26

A cross sectional comparative study was conducted Praveen Kumar BA (2016) Quality of
life of elderly people in institutional and non- institutional setting. This study was carried
out with an objective to assess and compare the quality of life among elderly, residing in
old age homes and in the community. This study was carried out in the field practice area of
PESIMSR, Kuppam, during June and November 2013. A total of 112 elderly were included
in the study. Quality of life was assessed in four domains using WHO QOL (BREF) and the
data was analyzed using SPSS software ver19. Overall quality of life was low in both the
groups. However, in the physical domain, institutional elderly had higher QOL (50.47 vs
47.18) and in the social domain, non institutional elderly had higher QOL (47.63 vs 33.60).
Overall, 21.42% rated their QOL as good and 24.1% rated their health as satisfied.
Sociodemographic variables were significantly related to QOL in social domain. Quality of
life depends on multiple dimensions of well being which needs comprehensive assessment
and multidimensional approach to improve.27

A comparative study was conducted Hannah Werling (2016) the Quality of Life of the
Elderly Rural and Urban Population of Sweden, like many European countries, has an
ageing population as well as more and more urbanization, which includes the elderly
population. Therefore it is important to get an idea of how the elderly population in both the
urban and rural areas of Sweden live and view their lives to determine if there are any large
differences between their quality of life. In this case, focusing on independence, finance,
social, and subjective variables such as health, meaningfulness, and loneliness. The purpose
of this thesis is to determine whether the quality of life for the elderly population (75 and
older) differs between the urban and rural areas of Sweden by using survey data from the
SWEOLD panel study 2011. There were also comparisons regarding gender. The results go
on to show that there are no major differences in the quality of life based on whether one
lives in the urban or rural areas of Sweden. This is most likely due to the welfare system in
place in Sweden. When it came to gender there were more differences yet they to were
slight which led to the conclusion that the quality of life between the urban and rural areas
of Sweden differ very slightly.28

A comparative study was conducted Anderson Pedroso Barbosa (2015) Level of physical
activity and quality of life among the elderly of rural and urban areas. To investigate if the
relationship between physical activity level (PAL) and quality of life (QOL) is affected by
living environment (rural or urban). A quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study
was performed. Of the 40 participants of both genders, 20 were residents of urban areas and
20 were residents of rural areas in the town of Pimenta Bueno (RO), Brazil. The WHOQOL
BREF and IPAQ Long Version questionnaires were used to assess QOL and PAL,
respectively. Mann Whitney and Fisher's Exact were used to statistically compare groups
for QOL and PAL scores. The correlation between the two was tested by the Spearman test.
A significance level of p<0.05 was used. No differences between the rural and urban areas
for QOL or PAL were found. In the rural group a positive and significant correlation was
found between PAL and the physical, psychological and complete QOL domains. In terms
of PAL, elderly persons from the rural area who were regularly active had higher total QOL
and physical domain scores than insufficiently active elderly individuals from the rural area.
According to the results, level of physical activity exerts a differential influence on the
QOL of elderly people from rural and urban areas.29
A Comparative Study was conducted Endurance Uzobo (2015) Ageing And Health Of
Rural And Urban Aged Health Status In Bayelsa State, Nigeria This study investigates
Ageing and Health: A Comparative Study of Rural and Urban Aged Health Status in
Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study after reviewing literatures relating to the study made use
of the life course theory as the theoretical base to back up the study. The survey study,
made use of 216 sampled sizes drawn from both the rural and urban centres of Bayelsa
state. The questionnaire served as the primary source of data collection. Data collected from
the field were analysed using tables, mean, standard deviation and the Z-test for the testing
of hypotheses. Findings from the study revealed that the aged in the rural areas suffer
poorer health conditions than the aged in urban centres due to reasons ranging from poverty
to unavailability of health care facilities. Recommendations like social support for the
elderly, creating special wards for the elderly, etc. Were made in the study by the
researcher.30

A study was conducted Harkirat Kaur (2015) Factors determining family support and
quality of life of elderly population. Family support is playing a key role in determining the
quality of life (QOL) of the aged people. The main aim of the research was to find the
factors determining the QOL and family support of elderly people. An exploratory
descriptive design was followed to obtain error-free results. A total of 213 elderly people
were consecutively recruited from a randomly selected setting. The elderly men reported a
better quality of life. Elderly people who had received a formal education also reported a
good quality of life. Those who were financially independent had a healthier QOL.
Medically healthy elderly people had enhanced QOL. Those who performed their daily
activities independently also had superior QOL. Elderly people who got support from their
family members had an enhanced QOL. Those who reported having no major problems in
their life also had a superior QOL. The educated elderly people had perceived better family
support. Medically healthy aged people perceived better family support. This study found
that there are various factors such as gender, education, financial independence, and family
support determined the QOL of the aged. Similarly, education, wealth, and family support
were the predictors for family support of the elderly people.31

A Comparative study was conducted Dos Santos Tavares DM (2014) Quality of life of
elderly between urban and rural areas. Comparing the scores of quality of life according to
place of residence (urban and rural areas). A cross-sectional study involving 2142 elderly in
urban area and other 850 in rural area of the municipality of Uberaba (Minas Gerais,
Brazil). Olders Americans Resources and Services, World Health Organization Quality of
Life--BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and World Health Organization Quality of Life
Assessment for Older Adults (WHOQOL-OLD).The elderly residing in the urban area with
their children and in rural areas did so with the spouse. In the evaluation of the quality of
life, rural elders presented scores significantly higher than the urban area in the domains of
physical, psychological, and social relations in the WHOQOL-BREF; and in the facets of
autonomy, past, present and future activities, social participation and intimacy of the
WHOQOL-OLD. For the latter instrument facets sensory ability and of death and dying the
elderly's urban area had higher scores than the rural area. The elders of the urban area
showed a greater involvement of the quality of life than the residents in the rural area.
Nurses who work in primary care should address health strategies according to the specific
needs of the urban and rural areas.32

A Comparative Study was conducted Masoumeh Amiri Delui (2014) Support Needs of the
Urban and Rural Elderly in the City of Gonabad. This research had done to determine and
comparison of the underlying support needs in urban and rural elderly in 3139 was done.
The questionnaires were collected after informed consent was interviewed, then the
software (ver22) SPSS, were analyzed. Among 430 elderly urban and rural 6/42 Male
4/46% female, mean age 72/7 ± 22/74 and 1/65% illiterate in urban population and 57% of
men and 6/53% female with an average age of 99 / 7 ± 23/75 and 7/80% of the rural
population were illiterate. The need for health services in urban 3/19% compared with the
villagers 5/5% of the needs of education in urban 6/78% compared with the villagers 5/48,
the access to transportation in urban samples 8/19% compared to the rural sample 7/27%,
the financial ability to buy meat protein urban group 2/17 15.9% compared with rural
elders, there are places in the recreational needs for leisure in the city 1 / 65% in the rural
group 4/95 and material support in the urban average of 60/35% in rural and 17/32%
respectively. The study in the field of urban elderly support health care, personal care,
nutrition, housing, recreational and materially better than rural elderly. But educational
support in the area of rural society was in a better condition. Also safety and emotional
support, structural, functional subset of social support are significant differences were
observed. So with regard to vulnerable seniors in rural than urban elderly due regard to the
needs of this population seems necessary.33

A study was conducted Amol R Dongre (2012) Social Determinants of Quality of Elderly
Life in a Rural Setting of India. The aim of this study is to understand the social
determinants of quality of elderly life in rural central India and describe their perspectives
on various issues related to their quality of life. It was a community based mixed methods
study in which quantitative (survey) method was followed by qualitative (Focus Group
Discussion, FGD). The study was done in field practice area of a Rural Health Training
Centre. We decided to interview all the elderly (>60 years) in two feasibly selected wards
of village Anji by using the “WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-brief questionnaire.” We
used WHOQOL syntax for the calculation of mean values of four domains. Following
survey, four FGDs were carried out. In qualitative research, factors such as active life,
social activity, spirituality, health care, involvement in decision making, and welfare
schemes by the Government were found to contribute to better quality of elderly life.
Problems or conflicts in family environment, lack of shelter and financial security,
overtopped resources, and gender bias add to negative feelings in old age life. There is a
need for intervention at social and family level for elderly friendly environment at home
and community level.34

A study was conducted Nguyen Thanh Huong (2012) Exploring quality of life among the
elderly in Hai Duong province, Vietnam: a rural–urban dialogue . The purpose of this
article is to explore perceptions on the dimensions of QoL among the elderly in Vietnam, to
use these perceptions to broaden the concept, and to explore similarities and differences
between those living in urban compared to rursal areas. Qualitative methods included in-
depth interviews (IDI) with experts in ageing and elderly persons, as well as focus group
discussions (FGDs) in three communes in Hai Duong province. IDIs and FGDs were
recorded and transcribed. NVivo software was used to analyse the data. Thematic analysis
identified physical, psychological, social, environmental, religious, and economic as
important dimensions of QoL. For elderly participants in both urban and rural areas, Rural
participants also identified religious practice as an important dimension of QoL. In terms of
relationships, the elderly in urban areas prioritised those with their children, while the
elderly in rural areas focussed their concerns on community relationships and economic
conditions. Isolating individual factors that contribute to QoL among the elderly is difficult
given the interrelations and rich cross-linkages between themes. Elderly participants in
urban and rural areas broadly shared perspectives on the themes identified, in particular
social relationships, but their experiences diverged around issues surrounding finances and
economics, their respective physical and social environments, and the contribution of
religious practice. 35

A study was conducted Abhay Mudey (2011) “Assessment of Quality of Life among
Rural and Urban Elderly Population of Wardha District, Maharashtra, India”. All aspects of
health status: life style, satisfaction, mental state or well-being together reflects the
multidimensional nature of Quality of Life (QOL) in an individual. India has acquired the
label of “an aging nation” with 7.7 percent of its population being more than 60 years old.
Changes in population structure will have several implications for health, economic
security, family life and well being of people. The community based cross sectional study
was conducted on 800 elderly subjects selected from urban (n= 400) and rural (n= 400)
using multistage simple random technique. Interviews were conducted using pre-tested
questionnaire by trained interviewers to collect data. The WHO-QOL BREF was used to
assess the quality of life. The study showed that the elders living in the urban community
reported significant lower level of quality of life in the domains of physical 51.2±3.6 and
psychological 51.3±2.5 than the rural elderly populations. The rural elderly population
reported significant lower level of quality of life in the domain of social relation 55.9±2.7
and environmental 57.1±3.2 than urban population. The difference between the quality of
life in rural and urban elderly population is due to the difference in the socio-demographic
factors, social resource, lifestyle behaviours and income adequacy.36

A Cross-Sectional Study was conducted Ankur Barua (2004) on Quality of Life in

Geriatric Population All the aspects of “health status”, “life style”, “life satisfaction”,
“mental state” or “well-being” together reflect the multi-dimensional nature of Quality of
Life in an individual. A cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 2 months
(March 2003 to April 2003) on 70 individuals, in geriatric age group of 60 years and above,
who visited Dr. TMA Pai Rotary Hospital Karkala in Karnataka. The instrument,
WHOQOL-BREF (6, 7) was used to assess the quality of life. The translated Kannnada
version of this instrument was pretested on a subsample before its use on the study
population to ensure feasibility and acceptability. The interview was conducted in the
hospital premises. The data collected was tabulated and analyzed using the statistical
package of SPSS VERSION 7.5. Independent t-test was applied to compare the mena
scores of different variables and the domains. A cross sectional study on quality of life was
conducted in Dr. TMA Pai Hospital, Karkala and 70 individuals in the geriatric age group
of ≥60 years were interviewed. 40.0% were males while 60.0% were females. The age
specific sex ratio in the age group of 60 years and above in this study was found to be 1500
females per 1000 males. This is comparable to the age specific sex ratio in the field practice
area of Dr. TMA Pai Hospital, Karkala, which is observed to be 1425 elderly females per
every 1000 elderly males. Majority (80.0%) of the participants belonged to the age group of
(60-69) years, while 75.7% of the elderly were literates. 78.6% of the individuals were
married and 21.4% were either unmarried or widowed. The mean age of the study
population was found to be 65.8 yrs (SD=4.9). It was found that the mean scores of the two
age groups of (60-69) years and ≥70 yrs differed significantly in the domains of physical
(P=0.004*), psychological (P=0.001*) and social relations (P=0.016*). Also, this
difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant for the total
mean score of all the domains (P=0.006*). Hence we conclude that the overall well-being
was significantly affected for those who were in the age group of (60-69) years. It was
observed that the mean scores of the two groups of single and married differed significantly
in the domains of environmental (P=0.012*) and social relations (P=0.002*). Since, this
difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant for the total
mean score of all the domains (P=0.016*). So, the overall well-being was significantly
affected for those who were singles (unmarried and widowed).37

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Research Approach

 The research approach adopted for present study is quantitative approach.

Research Design

 Research design selected for the present study is non- experimental comparative
survey research design.
Source of Data

 The data will be collected of elderly residing at selected rural and urban areas of
Vadodara.

Research Setting

 The study will be conducted at selected rural and urban areas of Vadodara.

Sample Description

Population

 Elderly people of age 60 years and above residing in rural and urban areas of
Vadodara.

Sample size

 A total of 100 samples divided equally into two areas as 50 for rural and 50 for
urban

Sampling Technique

 Non-probability convenient sampling technique will be used to select the samples

based on selection criteria.

Selection Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

 Elderly people aged ≥ 60 years, available during the study period, willing to
participate and able to answer.

Exclusion Criteria

 People unable to give answer due to various morbidity conditions.

 Those who are unwilling to participate in the study.

Description of Tools

Modified Structured questionnaire will be used for this study .This consists of following
two sections:
Section 1: Demographic Data

This section includes demographic variables such as Age, Sex, Education, Occupation,
Type of family, marital status, Monthly income, financial independence, chronic Illness, No
of children and place of living.

Section 2: This section includes Modified structured Quality of life scale

Which is derived from the questionnaire contains 84 items of Quality of life that are divided
into seven domains: Domain 1 (Physical with 12 items), Domain 2 (Psychological growth
with 25 items), Domain 3 (Environmental with 4 items) , Domain 4 (Self care with 12
items), Domain 5 (Social relationships with 26 items), Domain 6 (Other with 5 items). The
seven domain scores denote an individual’s perception of quality of life in each particular
domain.

Development of tool

The following steps were adopted in the development of the tool.

1. Discussion with experts

Expert opinion and suggestions from the guide and co- guide.

2. Development of a Scoring Procedure

The investigator developed a scoring procedure based on the Obtained information from the
review of literature and after discussion with the guide, co-guide and experts. The tool
consist of 84 items, the scoring scale consists of one correct option for all multiple choice
items. There were total of 84 items. Score ‘1’ is given for each correct response and ‘0’ for
no response. The score range from a minimum of ‘0’ to a maximum score of 85. Quality of
life has been arbitrarily divided into four categories based on Modified structured
questionnaire scale and according scores were allotted.

Very Poor Quality of life: < 25%

Poor Quality of life: 25–50%
Good Quality of life: 50-75%
Very Good Quality of life: >75%

Variables

Independent variables
  Demographic variables such as Age, Sex, Education, Occupation, Type of family,
marital status, Monthly income, No of children and place of living

Dependent variables

 Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and urban areas.

Pilot Study

 A pilot study is a small scale version or trial run of the major study. The function of
the study is to obtain information and assess feasibility of the study for improving
and to decide the plan for data analysis (polit & Hungler1999).

 Pilot study is a small scale dress rehearsal that proceeds as if were the actual study,
except for the fact, that subjects who will participate in the actual study is not used.

 The pilot study will conduct in rural and urban areas of vadodara from 1 st May 2019
to 20th May 2019 on 10 sample s to assess feasibility of the study and to decide the
plan for data analysis. Administrative permission was procured formally from
sarpanch in rural and commissioner (Municipal Corporation) in urban community.

 The investigator will approach the subjects, informed regarding the objectives of the
study and obtained the consent after assuring the subjects about the confidentiality
of the data.

 The data will collect through a structured demographic Performa. The tools were
administered to samples. The study was found feasible and the questionnaire took an
average time of 35-40 minutes.

Plan for Data Collection

The data for main study will be collected from 100 elderly people who are residing at rural
and urban areas of vadodara Gujarat. Who fulfilled the inclusive criteria by consecutive
sampling technique and Modified structured questionnaire scale will be used to check
quality of life .The data for main study will be collected from 1/10/2019 to 20/10/2019. The
tools were administered to samples. The study was found feasible and the questionnaire
took an average time of 35-40 minutes. Some of the item was reconstructed based on the
difficulty of items in the tool as per the expert’s opinion.
STASTICAL METHODS

Plan for the Data Analysis:

The data will be analyzed in terms of objective of the study using descriptive and inferential
statistics. The plan for data analysis as follows

1. Frequency and % for demographic variables

 2. Range of scores, mean, median, mode and standard deviation for the subjective will
being and quality of life score

3. Spearman co-relation test will be used to assess the quality of life of the elderly
residing at rural and urban areas.
4. Chi-square test will be used to find out the association between the quality life of
elderly people with their selected demographic variable.

Descriptive Statistics:

1. Frequency and % for demographic variables

2. Range of scores, mean, median, mode and standard deviation for the subjective will
being and quality of life score.

Inferential Statistics:

1. Spearman co-relation test will be used to assess the quality of life of the elderly
residing at rural and urban areas.
2. Chi-square test will be used to find out the association between the quality life of
elderly people with their selected demographic variable.

Ethical Issue:

There is no ethical issue applicable for the study.

Feasibility Issues:

There is no feasibility issue applicable for the study.

Benefits of the Study:

For the assessment of quality of life in the elderly, biological, psychological and multiple
socio cultural criteria should be adopted ,because several factors are determinants or
indicators of well being in old age, such as longevity, biological health, mental health, life
satisfaction, cognitive control and social aspects etc...

Conflict of Interest

There is no conflict of interest.

Budget
For this research study project researcher Mrs Lopa N. Patel’s own budget will be used. The
total expected budget is 20,000 Rupees.

No. Name of item Expected Expenditure (in Rs.)

1 Print & stationary 8000
2 Binding 2000
3 Transportation 4000
4 Refreshment 2000
5 Miscellaneous 4000
Total 20,000

Plan for Dissemination and Utilization of Data

The dissertation will be displayed in the college library for reference. It will be published in
the various journals, will be put up on the web site for reference after final year [Link].
nursing result.

Ethical consideration

Ethical clearance will be obtained from the SVIEC and willingness will be obtained from
the subject before data collected.

SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH
Piparia, Ta. Waghodia, Dist. Vadodara- 391760

Informed Consent Form (ICF) for Participants in Research Programs

Involving studies on human beings
Study Title:
“A comparative study to assess the Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and
urban areas of Vadodara”
Study Number: SVU/SNC/2017-18 /PG……………
Participant’s Name _________________________________
Date of Birth / Age: ____/____/________ (______Years)

1. I confirm that I have read and understood the information sheet dated ________ for the
above study and have had the opportunity to ask questions.
3. I understand that my participation in the study is voluntary and that I am free to
withdraw at any time, without giving any reason, without my medical care or legal rights
being affected.
4. I understand that the investigator of this study, others working on the investigator’s
behalf, the Ethics Committee and the regulatory authorities will not need my permission
to look at my health records, both in respect of the current study and any further research
that may be conducted in relation to it, even if I withdraw from the study. I agree to this
access. However, I understand that my identity will not be revealed in any information
related to third party or published.
5. I agree not to restrict the use of any data or results that arise from this study provided
such a use is only for scientific purpose(s).
6. I agree to take part in the above study.

Signature (or thumb impression) of the participant /

Legally acceptable representative ________________________________________
Signatory’s Name ______________________ Date ______________________
Signature of the investigator ______________ Date ______________________
Study Investigator’s Name _____________________________________________
Signature of the impartial witness ____________ Date ______________________
Name of the witness __________________________________________________
 સુમનદીપ વિદ્યાપીઠ
પીપરીયા, તા: વાઘોડીયા, જી: વડોદરા ૩૯૧૭૬૦

માનવીઓ માં થતા સંશોધન માટે નું જાણકાર સંમતિ પત્રક

અભ્યાસ શીર્ષક :
“વડોદરાના ગ્રામીણ અને શહે રી વિસ્તારોમા રહે તા વ્રુધ્ધોના જીવનની ગુણવત્તાના મૂલ્યાક્ન માટે તુલનાત્મક
અભ્યાસ”
અભ્યાસ નંબર: એસ.વી.યુ./એસ.એન.સી./૨૦૧૭-૧/અનુસ્નાતક...........
સહભાગીનું નામ :___________________________________
જન્મ તારીખ / ઉંમર: __/__/____ / ( વર્ષ)
૧.હું તારીખ _______ અને ઉપરના અભ્યાસ નું માહિતી પત્રક વાંચી અને સમજીને અભ્યાસ માં સામેલ થવાની
ખાતરી આપું છુ અને મને કોઈ પણ પ્રશ્નો પૂછવાની તક આપવામાં આવશે જેની મને ખબર છે.
૨.મારી આ અભ્યાસ માં ભાગીદારી સ્વૈચ્છિક છે અને હું મારી ભાગીદારી કોઈ પણ કારણ આપ્યા વગર, મારી
તબીબી સારવાર ને અસર ના પહોચે અથવા મારા કાનૂની અધિકારો ને અસર ના થાય તેમ ગમે ત્યારે પાછી
ખેંચી લેવા સ્વતંત્ર છુ.
૩.હું આ અભ્યાસ ના અભ્યાસકર્તા, અભ્યાસકર્તાના સહયોગી, એથીક્સ કમિટી અને રેગ્યુલેટરી ઓથોરીટીસ ને મારી
પરવાનગી વગર મારા સ્વાથ્ય નો રેકોર્ડ કે જે આ અભ્યાસ કે ભવિષ્ય મમા થનારા પરીક્ષણ ના સંદર્ભ માં
થશે તેને જોવાની સંમતિ આપું છુ. જો હું મારી સંમતિ પાછી ખેંચી લઉં તો પણ મારી માહિતી આ અભ્યાસકર્તા
મેળવી શકશે. હું સમજુ છુ કે મારી ઓળખાણ કોઈપણ સ્વરૂપ માં ત્રીજી વ્યક્તિ ને અપાશે નહી કે જાહે ર માં
પ્રકાશિત કરવામાં આવશે નહી.
૪.આ અભ્યાસ પરથી જે પરિણામ કે માહિતી મળે તેની પર હું પ્રતિબંધ નહી મુકું . તેનોઉપયોગ ફક્ત વિજ્ઞાનિક
હે તુ માટે કરવામાં આવશે.
૫. હું ઉપર ના સંશોધન અભ્યાસ માં ભાગ લેવા માટે સહમત છુ.

સહભાગી ની સહી(અંગુઠા નું નિશાન)/

કાયદાકીય રીતે સ્વીકાર્ય પ્રતિનિધિ __________________________
સહીકર્તાની સહી____________________________ તારીખ____________
અભ્યાસ કર્તાની સહી__________________________તારીખ____________
અભ્યાસ ના અભ્યાસ કર્તા ની સહી ________________તારીખ___________
અર્ધ સાક્ષી ની સહી____________________________ તારીખ___________
સાક્ષી નું નામ ________________________________________________
 PARTICIPANT INFORMATION SHEET

1. Study Title

“A comparative study to assess the Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and
urban areas of Vadodara”

2. Invitation Paragraph

You are cordially invited to participate in the study titled “A comparative study to assess
the Quality of life of elderly residing at selected rural and urban areas of Vadodara.” The
choice of participating in this study is yours. You will be given an informed consent
before participating in this study. I hope that you will participate in this study.

3. What is the purpose of the study?

The purpose of the study is to assess the quality of life and fulfil the societal and cultural
demands for material wealth, social status and physical well being.

4. Why have I been chosen?

You have been chosen in this study because you are an elder person and elder person are
a period in which many physical and mental changes occurs. You have lack of self-
confidence and lack of self-esteem as you may have difficulty in express yourself
effectively in social situation.

5. Do I have to take part?

It is up to you whether you want to take part or not. If you will take part in this study your
quality of life will be assess and compare to other. If you decided to take part you will be
given this information sheet to keep and be asked to sign Consent Form.

6. What will happen to me if I take part?

If you will take part in this study, I will assess your Quality of life.

7. What do I have to do?

I request your cooperation and participation throughout my [Link] i will easily assess
your quality of life.
8. What is the drug or procedure that is being tested?

This study does not involve any kind of drug testing, as I am assessing your quality of
life by asking questionnaires that will not cause any ill effect on you.

9. What are the alternatives for diagnosis or treatment?

I am not testing any drug or treatment on you. So you should not worry about any
alternative for diagnosis or treatment.

10. What are the side effects of taking part?

This is a experimental study in which no participant will be tested for any type of
medical examination. So there is no possibility of any side-effects on you. However, you
can tell us if you have to face any type of problem for participating in this study.

11. What are the possible disadvantages and risks of taking part?

As far the study is concerned, there are no disadvantages of taking part in this study.

12. What are the possible benefits of taking part?

After taking part in this study, I will assess your quality of life. you will be adopted
biological, psychological and multiple socio cultural criteria, because several factors are
determinants or indicators of well being in old age, such as longevity, biological health,
mental health, life satisfaction, cognitive control and social aspects etc...

13. What if new information becomes available?

If any new information becomes available, I will update the information to you.

14. What happens when the research/trial study stops?

As far study concern there is minimal chance of research study stops, because I am
assessing your quality of life by asking questionnaires. which is not having any risk or
harmful effect on you.

15. What will happen if something goes wrong?

After the correction from the experts only, I am assessing your quality of life by asking
questionnaires. Thus, the chances of error like miscommunication or wrong information
will be less.
16. Will my taking part in this study be kept confidential?

Yes, your all personal information will remain confidential and will not be revealed to
any others. However it will be use for scientific purpose without your identity being
revealed.

17. What will happen to the results of the research/trial study?

The results of the study will be utilized by Sumandeep Vidyapeeth as a part of any
academic activity. If it is needed, this result will be shown to you also.

18. Who is organizing and funding the research/trial?

The research is organized by me Mrs. Lopa Patel, student of [Link]. nursing (Community
health nursing)in Sumandeep Nursing College and the research funding is managed from
my own budget.

19. Who has reviewed the study?

The study is reviewed by ethical committee of Sumandeep nursing college.\

20. Contact for further information.

Mrs. Lopa Patel
1st Year [Link]. Nursing,
Dept. of Community Health Nursing,
Sumandeep Nursing College.
(M) – 8734044962

Date:
Signature of PI:
 સહભાગીમાહિતી પત્રક

1. અભ્યાસ શીર્ષક
"વડોદરાના પસંદ થયેલા ગ્રામીણ અને શહે રી વિસ્તારોમાં વયના લોકોના જીવનની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરવા
માટે તુલનાત્મક અભ્યાસ"
2. આમંત્રણ ફકરો
વડોદરાના પસંદ કરેલા ગ્રામીણ અને શહે રી વિસ્તારોમાં વયના લોકોના જીવનની ગુણવત્તાના મૂલ્યાંકન માટે
તુલનાત્મક અભ્યાસ શીર્ષકવાળા અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે તમને સૌમ્ય આમંત્રણ આપવામાં આવે છે . આ
અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવાની પસંદગી તમારી છે. આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેતા પહે લાં તમને એક સૂચિત સંમતિ
આપવામાં આવશે. હું આશા રાખું છું કે તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેશો.
3. અભ્યાસનો હેતુ શું છે?
અભ્યાસનો હે તુ જીવનની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરવું અને ભૌતિક સંપત્તિ, સામાજિક સ્થિતિ અને શારીરિક
સુખાકારી માટે સામાજિક અને સાંસ્કૃ તિક માગણીઓને પરિપૂર્ણ કરવું છે.
૪. મને શા માટે પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યો છે ?
તમને આ અભ્યાસમાં પસંદ કરવામાં આવ્યા છે કારણ કે તમે વૃદ્ધ વ્યક્તિ છો અને વડીલ તે સમય છે જેમાં
ઘણા શારીરિક અને માનસિક ફે રફારો થાય છે. તમારી આત્મવિશ્વાસની અભાવ અને આત્મ-સન્માનની અભાવ
છે કારણ કે તમને સામાજિક પરિસ્થિતિમાં પોતાને અસરકારક રીતે વ્યક્ત કરવામાં મુશ્કે લી હોઈ શકે છે.
5. મારે ભાગ લેવો પડશે?
તે તમારા ઉપર છે કે તમે ભાગ લેવા માંગો છો કે નહીં. જો તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેશો તો તમારા જીવનની
ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરવામાં આવશે અને અન્યની સરખામણી કરવામાં આવશે. જો તમે ભાગ લેવાનું નક્કી કર્યું
છે, તો તમને આ માહિતી શીટ આપવામાં આવશે અને મંજૂરી પત્ર પર સહી કરવા માટે કહે વામાં આવશે.
6. જો હું ભાગ લઈશ તો મારી સાથે શ ંુ થશે?
જો તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેશો, તો હું તમારી જાતની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરીશ.
7. મારે શ ંુ કરવ ંુ પડશે?
હું તમારા સહકાર અને મારા અભ્યાસ દરમ્યાન ભાગીદારીની વિનંતી કરું છું . તેથી હું તમારા જીવનની
ગુણવત્તાને સરળતાથી મૂલ્યાંકન કરીશ.
8. પરીક્ષણ કરવામાં આવતી દવા કે પ્રક્રિયા શ ંુ છે ?
આ અભ્યાસમાં કોઈપણ પ્રકારનાં ડ્ રગ પરીક્ષણનો સમાવેશ થતો નથી, કે મ કે હું તમારા જીવનની ગુણવત્તાના
મૂલ્યાંકનને પ્રશ્નાવલિ પૂછીને કરી રહ્યો છું જે તમારા પર કોઈ ખરાબ અસર કરશે નહીં.
9. નિદાન અથવા સારવાર માટે ના વિકલ્પો કયા છે ?
 હું તમારા પર કોઈ ડ્ રગ અથવા સારવારની ચકાસણી કરું છું. તેથી તમારે નિદાન અથવા સારવાર માટે ના
કોઈપણ વિકલ્પ વિશે ચિંતા ન કરવી જોઈએ.
10. ભાગ લેવાની આડઅસરો શ ંુ છે ?
આ એક પ્રાયોગિક અભ્યાસ છે જેમાં કોઈપણ સહભાગીની કોઈપણ પ્રકારની તબીબી તપાસ માટે પરીક્ષણ
કરવામાં આવશે નહીં. તેથી તમારા પર કોઈપણ આડઅસરોની કોઈ શક્યતા નથી. જો કે , તમે આ અભ્યાસમાં
ભાગ લેવા માટે કોઈપણ પ્રકારની સમસ્યાનો સામનો કરવો પડશે કે નહીં તે અમને કહી શકો છો.
11. ભાગ લેવાના શક્ય ગે રફાયદા અને જોખમો શ ંુ છે ?
જ્યાં સુધી અભ્યાસ સંબંધિત છે ત્યાં સુધી આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવા માટે કોઈ ગેરલાભ નથી.
12. ભાગ લેવાના સંભવિત ફાયદા શ ંુ છે ?
આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવા પછી, હું તમારી જાતની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરીશ. તમને જૈવિક, મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિક અને
બહુવિધ સામાજિક સાંસ્કૃતિક માપદંડ અપનાવવામાં આવશે, કારણ કે ઘણા પરિબળો વૃદ્ધાવસ્થામાં નિર્ધારકો
અથવા સુખાકારીના સૂચક છે, જેમ કે દીર્ધાયુષ્ય, જૈવિક આરોગ્ય, માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય, જીવન સંતોષ, જ્ઞાનાત્મક
નિયંત્રણ અને સામાજિક પાસાં વગેરે ...
13. જો નવી માહિતી ઉપલબ્ધ થાય તો શ ંુ થશે?
જો કોઈ નવી માહિતી ઉપલબ્ધ થાય, તો હું તમને માહિતી અપડેટ કરીશ.
14. સંશોધન / ટ્રાયલ અભ્યાસ બંધ થાય ત્યારે શ ંુ થાય છે ?
જ્યાં સુધી અભ્યાસની ચિંતા નથી ત્યાં સંશોધન અધ્યયનની રોકવાની સંભાવના ઓછી છે, કારણ કે હું
પ્રશ્નાવલિ પૂછીને તમારી જાતની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરી રહ્યો છું. જે તમને કોઈ જોખમ અથવા
નુકસાનકારક અસર નથી.
15. કં ઈક ખોટંુ થાય તો શ ંુ થશે?
નિષ્ણાતો પાસેથી માત્ર સુધારણા પછી, હું પ્રશ્નાવલિ પૂછીને તમારી જાતની ગુણવત્તાનું મૂલ્યાંકન કરું છું. આમ,
ભૂલની તક જેવી કે ગેરવ્યવસ્થા અથવા ખોટી માહિતી ઓછી હશે.
16. શ ંુ આ અભ્યાસમાં ભાગ લેવાન ંુ ગપ્ુ ત રાખવામાં આવશે?
હા, તમારી બધી વ્યક્તિગત માહિતી ગોપનીય રહે શે અને કોઈપણ અન્યને જાહે ર કરવામાં આવશે નહીં. જો કે
તે તમારી ઓળખ વિના જાહે ર કરવામાં આવશે વૈજ્ઞાનિક હે તુ માટે .
17. સંશોધન / ટ્રાયલ અભ્યાસના પરિણામોન ંુ શ ંુ થશે?
અભ્યાસના પરિણામોનો ઉપયોગ સુમનીપ વિદ્ યાપીઠ દ્વારા કોઈપણ શૈક્ષણિક પ્રવૃત્તિના ભાગ રૂપે કરવામાં
આવશે. જો જરૂર હોય, તો આ પરિણામ પણ તમને બતાવવામાં આવશે.
18. સંશોધન / ટ્રાયલન ંુ આયોજન અને ભંડોળ કોણ છે ?
એમ.એસ.સી.ના વિદ્ યાર્થી શ્રીમતી લોપા પટે લ દ્વારા આ સંશોધનનું આયોજન કરવામાં આવ્યું છે . સુમનદીપ
નર્સિંગ કૉલેજમાં નર્સિંગ (કોમ્યુનિટી હે લ્થ નર્સિંગ) અને સંશોધન ભંડોળ મારા પોતાના બજેટમાંથી સંચાલિત થાય
છે.
19. અભ્યાસની સમીક્ષા કોણ કરે છે ?
સુમનદીપ નર્સીંગ કોલેજની નૈતિક સમિતિ દ્વારા આ અભ્યાસની સમીક્ષા કરવામાં આવે છે.
ુ ાહિતી માટે સંપર્ક કરો.
૨૦. વધમ
લોપા પટે લ
પ્રથમ વર્ષ એમ. એસ. સી. નર્સિંગ
કોમ્યુનિટી હેલ્થ નર્સિંગ વિભાગ, સુમનદીપનર્સિંગ કોલેજ
 SECTION – A
DEMOGRAPHIC DATA Sample No:

Instructions:

Dear participants go through the following Demographic variables carefully and complete
items placing tick () mark on the appropriate option.

1. Please indicate your age.

a) 60-64
b) 65-69
c) 70-74
d) 75-79
e) 80-84
f) 85+

2. What is your gender?

a) Male
b) Female

3. Religion
a) Hindu
b) Muslim
c) Christian
d) Others

4. What is your current marital status?

a) Married
b) Never Married
c) Widowed
d) Divorced/Separated

5. Where do you live in vadodara?

a) Rural area
b) Urban area

6. What is your highest level of education?

a) Less than high school

b) High school or equivalent
c) Some post secondary
d) Completed post secondary

7. What is your monthly family Income?

a) <10,000
 b) 10.000-20,000
c) 20,000-30.000
d) Above 30,000
8. What is your Occupation?
a) Unemployed
b) Agriculture
c) Business
d) Labourer
e) Any other
9. How many child you have?
a) One child
b) Two child
c) More than two child
d) No child
10. Who do you currently live with?
a) Living alone
b) Living with spouse and/or children
c) Living with non-relative
d) Other

11. What is your current living arrangement?

a) Living in own home
b) Living in an institution
c) Living in an apartment
d) Living in a board and care facility
e) Other

12. What is your primary source of money?

a) Savings, Interest Dividends
b) Pensions
c) Veterans’ Benefits
d) Family and Friends
e) Disability Insurance
f) Stocks and Bonds
g) Job
h) Social Security
i) Other
 વિભાગ - એ
વસ્તી વિષયક માહિતી નમૂના નંબર:
સૂચનાઓ: પ્રિય સહભાગીઓ નીચેના ડેમોગ્રાફિક વેરિયેબલ્સની કાળજીપૂર્વક અને યોગ્ય વિકલ્પ પર ટિક
ચિહ્ન () મૂકીને વસ્તુઓને પૂર્ણ કરે છે
1. કૃપા કરીને તમારી ઉંમર સ ૂચવો.
એ) 60-64
બી) 65-69
સી) 70-74
ડી) 75-79
ઇ) 80-84
એફ) 85+
2. તમારી લિંગ શ ંુ છે ?
એ) પુરૂષ
બી) સ્ત્રી
3. ધર્મ
એ) હિન્દુ
બી) મુસ્લિમ
સી) ખ્રિસ્તી
ડી) અન્ય
4. તમારી વર્તમાન વૈવાહિક સ્થિતિ શ ંુ છે ?
એ) લગ્ન કર્યા
બી) ક્યારેય લગ્ન કર્યા નથી
સી) વિધવા
ડી) છૂટાછેડા / છૂટા થયેલ
5. વડોદરામાં તમે ક્યાં રહો છો?
એ) ગ્રામીણ વિસ્તાર
બી) શહેરી વિસ્તાર
6. તમારી ઉચ્ચતમ સ્તરની શિક્ષણ શ ંુ છે ?
એ) ઉચ્ચ શાળા કરતાં ઓછી
બી) ઉચ્ચ શાળા અથવા સમકક્ષ
સી) કે ટલાક પોસ્ટ સેકન્ડરી
ડી) સંપૂર્ણ પોસ્ટ સેકન્ડરી
7. તમારી માસિક કૌટંુ બિક આવક શ ંુ છે ?
એ) <10,000
બી) 10.000-20,000
સી) 20,000-30,000
 ડી) 30,000 ઉપર
8. તમારો વ્યવસાય શ ંુ છે ?
એ) બેરોજગાર
બી) કૃષિ
સી) બિઝનેસ
ડી) મજૂર
ઇ) અન્ય કોઈપણ
9. તમારી પાસે કેટલા બાળકો છે ?
એ) એક બાળક
બી) બે બાળક
સી) બે કરતા વધુ બાળક
ડી) કોઈ બાળક
10. તમે હાલમાં કોની સાથે રહો છો?
એ) એકલા રહે તા
બી) જીવનસાથી અને / અથવા બાળકો સાથે રહે તા
સી) બિન-સંબંધિત સાથે રહે તા
ડી) અન્ય
11. તમારી વર્તમાન જીવંત વ્યવસ્થા શ ંુ છે ?
એ) પોતાના ઘરમાં રહે વું
બી) એક સંસ્થામાં રહે વું
સી) ઍપાર્ટમેન્ટમાં રહે વું
ડી) બોર્ડ અને કે ર સુવિધામાં રહેવું
એફ) અન્ય
12. પૈસાનો તમારો પ્રાથમિક સ્રોત શ ંુ છે ?
એ) બચત, વ્યાજ ડિવિડન્ડ
બી) પેન્શન
સી) વેટરન્સના લાભો
ડી) કુ ટું બ અને મિત્રો
ઇ) ડિસેબિલિટી ઇન્સ્યુરન્સ
એફ) સ્ટોક્સ અને બોન્ડ્ સ
જી) જોબ
એચ) સામાજિક સુરક્ષા
હું) અન્ય
 SECTION - B

ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNNAIRE

Instructions

This questionnaire asks how you feel about your quality of life, health, and
other areas of your life. Please answer all the questions. If you are unsure about
which response to give to a question, please choose the one that appears most
appropriate. This can often be your first response.

Please keep in mind your standards, hopes, pleasures and concerns. We ask that you
think about your life in the last two weeks.

PHYSICAL DOMAIN
1. How much do you worry about your health?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
2. To what extent do you have difficulty in performing your routine activities?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
3. How much are you bothered by any limitations in performing everyday living
activities

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
4. How much do you need any medication to function in your daily life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
5. How much do you need any medical treatment to function in your daily life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
6. How much dependent are you on medications?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
 7. How easily are you able to get good medical care?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    

8. Do you have any difficulties with sleeping?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
9. Do you worry about your pain or discomfort?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
10. How difficult is it for you to handle any pain or discomfort?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
11. How much are you bothered by fatigue?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
12. How easily do you get tired?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
PSYCHOLOGICAL GROWTH

1. How much do you enjoy life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
2. How positive do you feel about the future?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
3. How much do you experience positive feelings in your life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
4. How well are you able to concentrate?
 Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
5. How much do you value yourself?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
6. How much confidence do you have in yourself?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
7. How alone do you feel in your life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
8. How safe do you feel in your daily life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
9. Do you feel you are living in a safe and secure environment?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
10. How much do you worry about your safety and security?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
11. How comfortable is the place where you live?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
12. How much do you like it where you live?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
13. Do you have financial difficulties?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

     
14. How much do you worry about money?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
15. How much do you enjoy your free time?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
16. Is there any part of your appearance which makes you feel uncomfortable?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
17. How much do any feelings of sadness or depression interfere with your
everyday functioning?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
18. How much do any feelings of depression bother you?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
19. Do you feel inhibited by your looks?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
20. Is there any part of your appearance which makes you feel uncomfortable?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount


   
21. How much do any feelings of sadness or depression interfere with your
everyday functioning?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
22. Do your personal beliefs give meaning to your life?
 Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
23. To what extent do you feel your life to be meaningful?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
24. To what extent do your personal beliefs give you the strength to face
difficulties?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
25. To what extent do your personal beliefs help you to understand difficulties in life?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
ENVIRONMENTAL DOMAIN

1. How healthy is your physical environment?

Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
2. How concerned are you with the noise in the area you live in?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
3. To what extent do you have problems with transport?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
4. How much do difficulties with transport restrict your life?
Not at all A little A moderate amount Very much An extreme amount

    
SELF CARE

1. Do you have enough energy for everyday life?

Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
2. Are you able to accept your bodily appearance?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely
     
3. To what extent are you able to carry out your daily activities?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
4. Do you get the kind of support from others that you need?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
5. To what degree does the quality of your home meet your needs?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
6. Have you enough money to meet your needs?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
7. How available to you is the information that you need in your day-to-day life?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
8. To what extent do you have opportunities for acquiring the information that you feel
you need?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
9. To what extent do you have the opportunity for leisure activities?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
10. How much are you able to relax and enjoy yourself?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
11. Are you able to work?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
12. Do you feel able to carry out your duties?
Not at all A little moderately Mostly Completely

    
SOCIAL RELATIONS

1. How satisfied are you with the quality of your life?

Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
2. In general, how satisfied are you with your life?

Very Neither satisfied

Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
3. How satisfied are you with your health?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
4. How satisfied are you with the energy that you have?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
5. How satisfied are you with your sleep?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
6. How satisfied are you with your ability to learn new information?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
7. How satisfied are you with your ability to make decisions?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
8. How satisfied are you with yourself?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied
     
9. How satisfied are you with your abilities?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
10. How satisfied are you with the way your body looks?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
11. How satisfied are you with your ability to perform your daily living activities?

Very Neither satisfied

Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
12. How satisfied are you with your personal relationships?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
13. How satisfied are you with the support you get from your family?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
14. How satisfied are you with the support you get from your friends?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
15. How satisfied are you with your ability to provide for or support others?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
16. How satisfied are you with your physical safety and security?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied
     
17. How satisfied are you with the conditions of your living place?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
18. How satisfied are you with your financial situation?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
19. How satisfied are you with your access to health services?

Very Neither satisfied

Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
20. How satisfied are you with the social care services?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
21. How satisfied are you with your opportunities for acquiring new skills?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
22. How satisfied are you with your opportunities to learn new information?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
23. How satisfied are you with the way you spend your spare time?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
24. How satisfied are you with your physical environment (e.g. pollution, climate,
noise, attractiveness)?
 Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
25. How satisfied are you with the climate of the place where you live?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

    
26. How satisfied are you with your capacity for work?
Very Neither satisfied
Dissatisfied Satisfied Very satisfied
dissatisfied nor dissatisfied

   

OTHER

1. Do you feel happy about your relationship with your family members?
Very Neither happy nor
Unhappy Happy Very happy
unhappy unhappy

    
2. How would you rate your quality of life?
Neither poor nor
Very poor Poor Good Very good
good

    
3. How would you rate your memory?
Neither poor nor
Very poor Poor Good Very good
good

    
4. How would you rate the quality of social services available to you?
Very Neither poor nor
Poor Good Very good
poor good

    
5. How would you rate your ability to work?
Neither poor
Very poor Poor Good Very good
nor good
     

વિભાગ – બી
જીવન પ્રશ્નાવલિ ગુણવત્તાના મૂલ્યાંકન

સૂચનાઓ
આ પ્રશ્નાવલિ પૂછે છે કે તમે કે વી રીતે તમારા જીવનની ગુણવત્તા, આરોગ્ય અને તમારા જીવનના અન્ય
ક્ષેત્રો વિશે અનુભવો છો. કૃ પા કરીને બધા પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો. જો તમને કોઈ પ્રશ્નનો જવાબ આપવા
વિશે કોઈ ખાતરી ન હોય, તો કૃપા કરીને સૌથી યોગ્ય લાગે તે પસંદ કરો. આ ઘણી વાર તમારો પ્રથમ
પ્રતિભાવ હોઈ શકે છે.
કૃ પા કરીને તમારા ધોરણો, આશાઓ, આનંદ અને ચિંતાઓને ધ્યાનમાં રાખો. અમે પૂછીએ છીએ કે તમે
છેલ્લા બે અઠવાડિયામાં તમારા જીવન વિશે વિચારો છો.

ફિઝિકલ ડોમેન
1. તમે તમારી સ્વાસ્થ્ય વિશે કે ટલી ચિંતા કરો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
2. તમારી નિયમિત પ્રવૃત્તિઓ કરવા માટે તમને કે ટલી હદ સુધી મુશ્કે લી છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
3. રોજિંદા જીવંત પ્રવૃત્તિઓ કરવાના કોઈપણ મર્યાદાઓ દ્વારા તમે કે ટલી ચિંતા કરો છો
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
4. તમારા રોજિંદા જીવનમાં કાર્ય કરવા માટે તમારે કે ટલી દવા લેવાની જરૂર છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
5. તમારા રોજિંદા જીવનમાં કાર્ય કરવા માટે તમને કોઈ તબીબી સારવારની કે ટલી જરૂર છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
6. દવાઓ પર તમે કે ટલો નિર્ભર છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
7. તમે સારી તબીબી સંભાળ કે વી રીતે મેળવી શકો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
 8. શું તમને ઊંઘ સાથે કોઈ મુશ્કે લી છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
9. શું તમે તમારા દુઃખ અથવા અસ્વસ્થતાની ચિંતા કરો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
10. કોઈ પીડા કે અસ્વસ્થતાનો સામનો કરવો તમારા માટે કે ટલો મુશ્કે લ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
11. થાકની તમે કે ટલી ચિંતા કરો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
12. તમે થાકને કે વી રીતે સરળતાથી લો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    

સાયકોલોજિકલ વિકાસ
1. તમે જીવનનો કે ટલો આનંદ માણો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
2. ભવિષ્ય વિશે તમે કે ટલા હકારાત્મક છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
3. તમારા જીવનમાં તમે કે ટલા હકારાત્મક લાગણીઓ અનુભવો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
4. તમે ધ્યાન કે ન્દ્ રિત કે વી રીતે કરી શકો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
5. તમે કે ટલું મૂલ્ય આપો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
6. તમારામાં કે ટલો આત્મવિશ્વાસ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
7. તમારા જીવનમાં તમે કે ટલો એકલો અનુભવ કર્યો છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
8. તમારા રોજિંદા જીવનમાં તમને કે ટલું સલામત લાગે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
9. શું તમને લાગે છે કે તમે સુરક્ષિત વાતાવરણમાં જીવી રહ્યા છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
10. તમારી સલામતી અને સુરક્ષા વિશે તમે કે ટલી ચિંતા કરો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
    
11. તમે ક્યાં રહો છો તે સ્થળ કે ટલું આરામદાયક છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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12. તમે ક્યાં રહો છો તે તમને તે કે ટલું ગમે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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13. શું તમારી પાસે નાણાકીય મુશ્કે લીઓ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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14. તમે પૈસા વિશે કે ટલી ચિંતા કરો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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15. તમે તમારા મફત સમયનો કે ટલો આનંદ માણો છો?

જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે

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16. શું તમારા દે ખાવનો કોઈ ભાગ છે જે તમને અસ્વસ્થતા અનુભવે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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17. તમારી રોજિંદી કાર્યવાહીમાં ઉદાસી અથવા ડિપ્રેસનની લાગણીઓ કે ટલી છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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18. ડિપ્રેશનની લાગણીઓ તમને કે ટલી ચિંતા કરે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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19. શું તમને લાગે છે કે તમારા દે ખાવથી કં ટાળો આવે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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20. શું તમારા દે ખાવનો કોઈ ભાગ છે જે તમને અસ્વસ્થતા અનુભવે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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21. તમારી રોજિંદી કાર્યવાહીમાં ઉદાસી અથવા ડિપ્રેસનની લાગણીઓ કે ટલી છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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22. શું તમારી અંગત માન્યતાઓ તમારા જીવનને અર્થ આપે છે?

જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે

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23. તમે તમારા જીવનને અર્થપૂર્ણ કે વી રીતે હજી સુધી અનુભવો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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24. તમારી અંગત માન્યતાઓ તમને કે ટલી મુશ્કે લીઓનો સામનો કરવા શક્તિ આપે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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25. તમારી અંગત માન્યતાઓ તમને જીવનની મુશ્કે લીઓ સમજવામાં કે ટલી મદદ કરે છે?

જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે

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પર્યાવરણીય ડોમેન
1.તમારા શારીરિક વાતાવરણ કે ટલું સ્વસ્થ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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2.તમે જે વિસ્તારમાં રહો છો તેમાં અવાજ સાથે તમે કે ટલો ચિંતિત છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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3.તમને પરિવહન સાથે કે ટલી હદે સમસ્યા છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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4.પરિવહન સાથેની મુશ્કે લીઓ તમારા જીવનને મર્યાદિત કરે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું મધ્યમ ખૂબ ખૂબ જ વધારે
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જાત સંભાળ
1. શું તમારી રોજિંદા જીવન માટે પૂરતી શક્તિ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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2. શું તમે તમારા શારીરિક દે ખાવને સ્વીકારી શકો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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3. તમે તમારી દૈ નિક પ્રવૃત્તિઓ કે વી રીતે કરી શકો છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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4. તમને જરૂર હોય તેવા અન્ય લોકો તરફથી તમને ટે કો મળે છે?

જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે

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5. તમારા ઘરની ગુણવત્તા તમારી જરૂરિયાતોને કઈ રીતે પૂરી કરે છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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6. શું તમારી જરૂરિયાતોને પહોંચી વળવા માટે તમારી પાસે પૂરતી રકમ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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7. રોજિંદા જીવનમાં તમને જે માહિતીની જરૂર છે તે તમારા માટે કે ટલું ઉપલબ્ધ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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8. તમારી પાસે જે માહિતીની તમને જરૂર છે તે પ્રાપ્ત કરવા માટે તમારી પાસે કે ટલી હદ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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9. આરામની પ્રવૃત્તિઓ માટે તમારી પાસે કે ટલી હદ છે?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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10. તમે આરામ અને આનંદ માણવા માટે કે ટલું સક્ષમ છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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11. શું તમે કામ કરવા સક્ષમ છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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12. શું તમે તમારા ફરજો હાથ ધરવા માટે સક્ષમ છો?
જરાય નહિ થોડું સામાન્ય રીતે મોટે ભાગે સંપૂર્ણપણે
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સામાજિક સંબંધો
1. તમારા જીવનની ગુણવત્તા સાથે તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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2. સામાન્ય રીતે, તમે તમારા જીવનથી કે ટલું સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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3. તંદુરસ્તીથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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4. તમારી પાસે કે ટલી શક્તિ છે તેની તમે કે ટલી સંતુષ્ટ છો?

ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ

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5. તમારી ઊંઘથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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6. નવી માહિતી શીખવાની તમારી ક્ષમતાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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7. નિર્ણય લેવાની તમારી ક્ષમતાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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8. તમે તમારી સાથે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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9. તમારી ક્ષમતાઓથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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10. તમારા શરીરની રીતથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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11. તમારી દૈ નિક જીવન પ્રવૃત્તિઓ કરવાની તમારી ક્ષમતાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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13. તમારા અંગત સંબંધોથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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14. તમે તમારા પરિવાર પાસેથી મેળવેલા સપોર્ટથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
 ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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15. તમે તમારા મિત્રો પાસેથી મળતા સમર્થનથી કે ટલું સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
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16. અન્ય લોકોની સહાય કરવા અથવા સમર્થન આપવાની તમારી ક્ષમતાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
17. તમારી શારીરિક સલામતી અને સલામતીથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
18. તમારા વસવાટ કરો છો સ્થળની શરતોથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
19. તમારી નાણાકીય સ્થિતિથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
20. આરોગ્ય સેવાઓમાં તમારી ઍક્સેસથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
21. સામાજિક સંભાળ સેવાઓથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
22. નવી કુ શળતા મેળવવા માટે તમારી તકોથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
23. નવી માહિતી શીખવાની તમારી તકોથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
24. તમે તમારા ફાજલ સમયનો ખર્ચ કે વી રીતે કરો છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
     
25. તમારા શારીરિક વાતાવરણ (દા.ત. પ્રદૂષણ, આબોહવા, અવાજ, આકર્ષણ) થી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
26. તમે જ્યાં રહો છો તે સ્થળની આબોહવાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    
27. કામ માટે તમારી ક્ષમતાથી તમે કે ટલા સંતુષ્ટ છો?
ખૂબ અસંતુષ્ટ અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ કે અસંતુષ્ટ સંતુષ્ટ ખૂબ સંતુષ્ટ
    

અન્ય
1. શું તમે તમારા કુ ટું બના સભ્યો સાથેના સંબંધ વિશે ખુશ છો?
ખૂબનાખુશ નાખુશ ખુશકે નાખુશ ખુશ ખુબખુશ
    
2. તમે તમારા જીવનની ગુણવત્તાને કે વી રીતે માપન કરશો?
 ખૂબજગરીબ ગરીબ ગરીબકે સારી સારી ખૂબજસારી
    
3. તમે તમારી મેમરીને કે વી રીતે માપન કરશો?
ખૂબજગરીબ ગરીબ ગરીબકે સારી સારી ખૂબજસારી
    
4. તમને ઉપલબ્ધ સામાજિક સેવાઓની ગુણવત્તાને તમે કે વી રીતે માપન કરશો?
ખૂબજગરીબ ગરીબ ગરીબકે સારી સારી ખૂબજસારી
    
5. તમે કામ કરવાની તમારી ક્ષમતાને કે વી રીતે માપન કરશો?
ખૂબજગરીબ ગરીબ ગરીબકે સારી સારી ખૂબજસારી
    
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“A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY

RESIDING AT SELECTED RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF VADODARA .”
 BY
LOPA PATEL

RESEARCH PROPOSAL

SUBMITTED TO
SVIEC,SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH,PIPARIA, VADODARA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER SCIENCE

IN

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MRS. EKTA PATEL
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
SUMANDEEP NURSING COLLEGE
PIPARIA, VADODARA, GUJARAT
2018-2020