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OSI Model Layers and Functions Explained

The OSI model has 7 layers that define standards for how data should be transmitted between devices on a network. The layers are: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical. Each layer has a specific purpose and handles different types of data units or functions. The Physical layer handles bits and raw transmission of signals over a physical medium. The Data Link layer handles frames and physical addressing to transfer error-free data between directly connected nodes. The Network layer handles packets and routing of data between hosts on an internet.

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156 views1 page

OSI Model Layers and Functions Explained

The OSI model has 7 layers that define standards for how data should be transmitted between devices on a network. The layers are: Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical. Each layer has a specific purpose and handles different types of data units or functions. The Physical layer handles bits and raw transmission of signals over a physical medium. The Data Link layer handles frames and physical addressing to transfer error-free data between directly connected nodes. The Network layer handles packets and routing of data between hosts on an internet.

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nissim
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  • Transport Layer
  • Physical Layer
  • Data Link Layer
  • Session Layer
  • Application Layer
  • Presentation Layer
  • Network Layer

OSI Model

#CiscoCert Reference

CENTRAL DEVICE DOD4


LAYER DATA UNIT/FUNCTION
PROTOCOLS MODEL

APPLICATION (7)
User Applications
Serves as the window for users Data: Network access TFTP,HTTP,
and application processes to to application FTP,TELNET,SMTP
access the network services.

PRESENTATION (6)
Formats the data to be presented
JPEG,ASCII,EBDIC,
to the Application layer. It can be Data: Encrypt and Decrypt Process/
TIFF,GIF,PICT
viewed as the “Translator” for Application
the network.

SESSION (5)
Logical Ports
Allow session embellshment Data: Establishes and
RPC,SQL,NFS,
between processes running on Ends connection
NetBIOS names
different stations. G
TRANSPORT (4) A
The transport layer defines
services to segment, transfer, and T
reassemble the data for individual
PACKET FILTERING

communications between the end


devices. Reliable delivery of the
Segment: Establish
End-to-end TCP,SPX,UDP E Host to
Host
files is important, so the transport Connection
layer breaks down large files into W
smaller segments that are less likely
to incur transmission problems. A
NETWORK (3) Y
The network layer provides Routers
connectivity and path selection Packets: Routing of IPv4,IPv6, Internet
between two host systems by data packets ICMP,IGMP,IPX
providing logical addressing.

DATA LINK (2) Switch


Land Based Layers

Provides error-free transfer of Frames: MAC and LLC, Bridge WAP


data frames from one node to Physical addressing PPP,HDLC,CDP,
another over the Physical layer. Frame relay
Network
PHYSICAL (1)
Concerned with the transmission
Bits: Media Signal and Hubs, Media
and reception of the unstructured Binary Transmission Cards, cables
raw bit stream over the physical
medium.

LAYER DATA UNIT/FUNCTION CENTRAL DEVICE PROTOCOLS DOD4 MODEL APPLICATION (7) Serves as the window for users and application p

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