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Types of Probability and Non-Probability Sampling

This document discusses different types of probability and non-probability sampling methods. For probability sampling it describes simple random sampling by randomly selecting names from a hat, stratified sampling by dividing a population into similar subgroups, systematic sampling by selecting every nth person, and cluster sampling by grouping universities from each city. For non-probability sampling it defines convenience sampling by asking people in public places, purposive sampling to understand ethical hacking careers, quota sampling to determine cigarette brand preferences among age groups in a city, and snowball sampling which recruits people through referrals.

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Erica Daprosa
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13 views3 pages

Types of Probability and Non-Probability Sampling

This document discusses different types of probability and non-probability sampling methods. For probability sampling it describes simple random sampling by randomly selecting names from a hat, stratified sampling by dividing a population into similar subgroups, systematic sampling by selecting every nth person, and cluster sampling by grouping universities from each city. For non-probability sampling it defines convenience sampling by asking people in public places, purposive sampling to understand ethical hacking careers, quota sampling to determine cigarette brand preferences among age groups in a city, and snowball sampling which recruits people through referrals.

Uploaded by

Erica Daprosa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PROBABILITY SAMPLING

1.

Simple random sampling

Example: Names of 25 employees being chosen out of a


hat from a company of 250 employees. In this case, the
population is all 250 employees, and the sample is
random because each employee has an equal chance of
being chosen.

2.
Stratified sampling

Example:Geographical regions can be stratified into


similar regions by means of some known variables
such as habitat type, elevation or soil type.

3. Systematic sampling

Example: Assume that in a population of 10,000


people, a statistician selects every 100th person for
sampling.

Cluster sampling

Example: A researcher wants to conduct a study to judge the


4. performance of sophomore’s in business education across
the U.S. It is impossible to conduct a research study that
involves a student in every university. Instead, by using
cluster sampling, the researcher can club the universities
from each city into one cluster.
NON PROBABILITY SAMPLING

Convenience sampling

Example: Standing at a mall or a grocery


1. store and asking people to answer questions
would be an example of a convenience
sample.

Purposive sample

Example: Consider a scenario where a panel


decides to understand what are the factors which
lead a person to select ethical hacking as a
profession. Ethical hacking is a skill which has
been recently attracting youth. More and more
people are selecting it as a profession. The
2.
researchers who understand what ethical hacking
is will be able to decide who should form the
sample to learn about it as a profession. That is
when judgmental sampling is implemented.
Researchers can easily filter out those
participants who can be eligible to be a part of
the research sample.
Quota sampling

Example: A cigarette company wants


to find out what age group prefers
3. what brand of cigarettes in a
particular city. He/she applies quotas
on the age groups of 21-30, 31-40,
41-50, and 51+. From this
information, the researcher gauges
the smoking trend among the
population of the city.

Snowball sampling or chain-referral sampling

Example: People who have many friends are more


likely to be recruited into the sample. When virtual
4. social networks are used, then this technique is
called virtual snowball sampling.

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