DETAILED LESSON PLAN
I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:
1. Define the meaning of concentration of solution in their own understanding correctly;
2. Identify the importance of concentration of solution in our daily life and;
3. Solve percentage by mass and volume related problems.
II. Subject Matter:
A. Topic: Concentration of Solutions: Percentage by Mass and Volume
B. Reference: Principles of General Chemistry by Patricia Amateis pp. 130,214
C. Materials: Alcohol bottle, GSM bottle, Iodine bottle, Cartolina
D. Skills: Problem solving
E. Values: Patience, Honesty
F. Concept: The concentration of solutions may be expressed in terms of percentage of parts solute in 100 parts
solution.
III. Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
Greetings
Prayers
Checking of Attendance
Classroom Management
B. Review
Before we proceed to our lesson, let’s have a Sir, last meeting we have discussed about solubility.
recap from what we have discussed last
meeting.
Very Good, what else? Sir, we have also discussed about the factors that
affect solubility.
Okay, So what is solubility? Sir, solubility refers to the extent to which a solute
dissolves in a given solvent.
Very well said. And what are the factors that Sir, the factors that affects solubility are: the nature of
affect solubility? solute and solvent, temperature and pressure.
You’re right! How does the nature of solute Sir, solubility of a solute in a solvent purely depends
and solvent affects solubility? on the nature of both solute and solvent. A polar
solute dissolved in polar solvent. Solubility of a non-
polar solute in a solvent is a large. A polar solute has
low solubility or insoluble in a non-polar solvent.
Very good. How about temperature? Sir, for an endothermic solution, increasing the
temperature increases the solubility of solid and liquid
solvent. However for gases, an increase in
temperature decreases solubility.
Precisely, So, how about pressure? Sir, increasing the pressure increases the solubility of
gases in liquid as it allows more gas molecules to be
intact with the solvent.
Very good!
C. Motivation
Class, I have here an ethyl alcohol, a beta Sir, they have volumetric measurement.
dine, and a Ginebra San Miguel containers.
What can you observed about their labels?
Yes. Aside from that, what else? Sir, they are examples of solution.
Good, but I am asking for what have you Sir, there are percentage of solutions and proofs
observed about their labels. Okay, what else? indicated.
Definitely! What do these percentages Sir, it means that the solution is concentrated.
implies?
You’ve go it!
D. Developmental Activities
So, what is concentration of solution? Sir, concentration of solution refers to the amount of
solute in a given amount of solvent or solute.
What do you think is the importance of Sir, it is important in the field of medicine because it
concentration of solutions in our daily life? indicate the solute needed for making medicines in
the appropriate amount needed by body of a patient.
Sir, it is important it indicates the intensity of the
Very good! What else? solution needed. For example in muriatic acid, the
concentration there is indicated to know where to use
it. Because the higher concentration, the very
corrosive it is?
Sir, dilute and concentrated.
The amount of concentration of solute in a
given amount of solvent can be expressed
qualitatively. And what are they?
Sir, dilute is a solution that contains a small
Exactly! What is dilute? proportion of solute relative to solvent.
You’re right!
A more accurate way of expressing the
amount of solute in a given amount of solvent
is in terms of percentage, molarity, molality,
normality, parts per million, and parts per
billion. But for today will be dealing with
percentage by mass and volume.
wt/wt %=[(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
What is the formula in solving for the 100%
percentage by mass/weight?
That’s it! Where weight of solution is equal to
weight of solution plus weight of solvent.
For example, a solution that is labeled 5%
NaCl means that there are 5g of NaCl for
every 95g of solvent or 100g of solution.
Take note that 1g is equivalent or equal to 1
mL.
Okay, let’s have a problem solving.
Given: wt. of solute = 11g
What is the percentage by mass of a salt wt. of solution = 80g
solution prepared by dissolving 11g of salt in
80g of solution? Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
100%
Solution: % by wt = 11g x 100
80g
= 0.1375 x 100
= 13.75%
Substitute the given values in the formula, 11g over
80g times 100, cancel the units of measure, 11
divided by 80 is o.1375 multiplied to 100 is 13.75%.
Check. Very good!
Let’s have another example.
Given: wt. of solute = 40g
Express the concentration of a solution wt. of solution = 40g + 160g = 200g
prepared by dissolving 40g of salt in 160g of
water. Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
100%
Solution: % by wt = 40g x 100
200g
= 0.20 x 100
= 20%
Notice that there was no weight of solution given. So,
Kindly explain your work. what we are going to do is to add the weight of the
solute and the solvent, 40g + 160g is 200g. Substitute
the given values in the formula, 40g over 160g times
100, cancel the unit of measure, 40 divided by 200 is
0.2 multiplied to 100 is 20%.
Check. Very good!
Yes sir.
Can you follow class?
Let’s move on to percent by volume. This is
generally used when the solute is a liquid or
gas.
v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of solution)] x
What is the formula in solving the percentage 100%
by volume?
Very good! This is widely used in determining
the alcohol content of alcoholic drinks.
The amount of alcohol in alcoholic beverages
is expressed as…..what? Sir, proof number.
That’s right! And what is the formula used for
solving the proof number? Sir, 2(%by volume)
Let’s solve.
A solution is prepared by mixing 50ml of
C2H5OH in 300 ml of distilled water. What is Given: Vol. of solute = 50 ml
the percent by volume concentration and the Vol. of solution = 300ml
proof number of the solution?
Formula: v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of
solution)] x 100%
Solution: %by vol.= ____50 ml____ x 100
50 ml + 300 ml
= 50 ml x 100
350 ml
= 0.1428 x 100
= 14.28%
Proof No. = 2(14.28)
= 28.56
Kindly explain your work.
The volume of the solute is 50 ml and notice that only
the volume of the solvent is given not the volume of
the solution. So, what we are going to do is to add the
volume of the solute and the volume of the solvent to
come up with the volume of the solution, 50 ml plus
300 ml is equal to 350 ml. Substitute the given and
computed values in the formula, 50 ml over 350 ml
times 100, cancel the unit of measure, 50 divided by
350 is 0.1428 multiplied to 100 is 14.28 %. To get the
proof number of the solution, we have to multiply it
by 2, so, the answer is 28.56 proofs.
That’s correct!
Okay class, can you follow? Yes sir.
Very good. That’s the right thing to solve
when one of the values is unknown.
E. Application
Direction: Solve the following problem in
your notebook.
1. What is the percentage by mass of a sugar
solution prepared by dissolving 40g of
sugar in 120g of water?
2. A man drinks 500ml of an 86 proof wine
per week. What is his total alcohol intake
per week?
3. What weight of solute will be required to
produce 400g of a 10% solution? How
many ml be needed?
Solve on the board. 1. Given: wt. solute = 40g
wt. of solvent = 120g
Solution:
%by wt. = ______wt. of solute______ x 100
wt. of solute + wt. of solvent
= ___40g____ x 100
40g + 120g
= 40g x 100
160g
= 0.25 x 100
= 25%
2. Given: proof = 86
wt. of volume = 500ml
vol. of solute = (unknown)
%by volume = unknown
Solution:
Proof = 2(%by volume)
86 = 2(%by volume)
2 2
%by volume = 86
2
=3
v/v % = vol. of solute x 100%
vol. of volume
3 = vol. of solute x 100%
500
Vol. of solute = 3 (500ml)
100
= 1500 ml
100
= 15 ml
3. Given: wt. of solution = 400g
%by wt. = 10g
wt. of solute = (unknown)
Solution:
% by wt. = ______wt. of solute____ x 100
wt. of solute + wt. of solvent
10 = wt. of solute x 100
400g
wt. of solute = 10(400g)
100
= 4000g
100
= 40g
Very good! All your answer are correct.
F. Generalization
Okay class, who can summarize the gist of our Sir, we discussed about concentration of solutions and
discussion this day? computation of percentage by mass and volume.
How to solve percentage by mass and volume Sir, in solving for the percentage by mass, we have to
in a given solution? use the formula
% by wt. = _______wt. of solute_____ x 100
Wt. of solute + wt. of solvent
And to solve for the percentage by volume, we have
to use the formula
v/v % = [(volume of solute)(volume of solution)] x
100%
Very good! How about for the proof number Sir, in solving the proof number of alcoholic
for alcoholic beverages? beverages, we have to multiply the percentage by
volume by 2.
Precisely!
IV. Evaluation
Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, answer the following.
Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
1. How many grams of NaCl are present in a
250g of salt solution containing 9% NaCl?
2. How many ml of pure alcohol can be obtained
from 300ml of an n80 proof solution?
1. Given: wt. of solution = 250g
% solute in solution = 9
Wt. of solute = (unknown)
Solution:
%by weight= wt. of solute x 100
wt. of solution
9= wt. of solute x 100
250g
wt. of solute = 9 x 250g
100
= 2250g
100
= 22.5g
2. Given: proof = 80
Vol. of solution = 300 ml
Vol. of solute = (unknown)
P= 2(% by volume)
80 = 2(%by volume)
2 2
% by volume = 40
% by volume = vol. of solute x 100
vol. of solution
40 = vol. of solute x 100
300 ml
Vol. of solute = 40(300ml)
100
= 12000ml
100
= 120 ml
V. Assignment
Search on the definition of molarity, molality, and normality. Write it in 1 whole sheet of paper.
Prepared by:
GLEN B. MILLAR
BSED II – General Science
Presented to:
MS. MALOU CABANAG
Subject Professor
