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Understanding Type Ratings in Aviation

Type rating certification is required to fly large commercial aircraft over 5700 kg for airlines. It involves extensive ground and simulator training over 6-10 weeks in four phases - ground school, handling in fixed and full flight simulators, line oriented training, and final skills test - to safely operate aircraft like the Airbus A321 with complex avionics compared to the basic Cessna 172 used in initial flight training. Passing all checks leads to a certificate endorsement needed to fly commercial aircraft as an airline pilot.

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Sai Charan A320
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82 views2 pages

Understanding Type Ratings in Aviation

Type rating certification is required to fly large commercial aircraft over 5700 kg for airlines. It involves extensive ground and simulator training over 6-10 weeks in four phases - ground school, handling in fixed and full flight simulators, line oriented training, and final skills test - to safely operate aircraft like the Airbus A321 with complex avionics compared to the basic Cessna 172 used in initial flight training. Passing all checks leads to a certificate endorsement needed to fly commercial aircraft as an airline pilot.

Uploaded by

Sai Charan A320
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

WHAT IS TYPE RATING .WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

BY CHARAN

BASICALLY ACCORDING TO DIRECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION WHICH IS GOVERNING


BODY FOR AVIATION INDIA . IT IS MANDATORY TO ENDORSE TYPE RATING OF THE SPECIFIC
AIRCRAFT THAT YOU WANTED TO FLY IF AND ONLY IF AIRCRAFTS MTOW ( MAXIMUM TAKEOFF
WEIGHT ) EXCEEDS 5700 KGS (5.7 TONNES). THE AIRCRAFT THAT YOU FLY DURING YOUR
CPL TRAINING IS VERY SMALL AIRCRAFT WHICH IS HARDLY 1000 KGS AND DOESN’T HAS A
LOTS OF MODERN FEATURES AND SAFETY AND COMPLEX AVIONICS . ANY AIRLINE IN THE
WORLD DOESN’T TELL YOU TO FLY A CESSNA OR DIAMOND LIKE SMALL AIRCRAFTS. ALL THE
AIRLINE FLEET IS FILLED WITH ATR 72 , DHC-8 ,AIRBUS A320 , BOEING 737 AND WHAT NOT.

TYPE RATING IS A CERTIFICATION ISSUED BY ATO ( AIRLINE TRAINING ORGANISATION )


AFTER COMPLETING ALL THE NECESSARY CHECKS.
> CPL IS THE BASE WHERE YOU WILL GAIN SOME BASIC FLYING AND GROUND SKILLS.
>SO FOR TRANSITION TO ANY AIRLINE AIRCRAFT LIKE A320,B737 YOU NEED TYPERATING
ENDORSED IN YOUR CPL LICENSE.

THE AIRCRAFT THAT YOU WILL BE TRAINED THE AIRCRAFT YOU SHOULD FLY
CESSNA 172 -SKYHAWK AIRBUS A321 NEO

SMALL COCKPIT WITH MINOR INSTRUMENTS. MASSIVE COCKPIT WITH MAJOR AVIONICS

WHY AND WHY IS IT REQUIRED ?


>COMPULSORY FOR MULTI ENGINE AIRCRAFT MTOW EXCEEDING 5700 KGS.
>MANDATORY FOR BECOMING AN AIRLINE PILOT.
>APPLYING FOR FIRST OFFICER OR ANY HIGHER POSITIONS.
>IF AIRLINE MENTIONES SPECIFIC HOURS OF FLYING . THAT SHOULD ALSO BE DONE .

SO BEFORE FLYING SUCH A MASSIVE AIRCRAFT YOU NEED TO DO SOME EXTENSIVE


TRAINING. WHICH IS KNOWN AS TYPE RATING .

THE TRAINING STRUCTURE IS :-


> 6 TO 10 WEEKS
> AND ALSO DEPENDS ON THE ATO ( AIRLINE TRAINING ORGANISATION )
THE TYPE RATING IS DIVIDED INTO 4 PHASES.
[Link] SCHOOL [Link] PHASE [Link] ORIENTED TRAINING 4. SKILLS

1. GROUND TRAINING :-
>COURSE INTRODUCTION
>STUDY MATERIAL AND CBT (COMPUTER BASED TRAINING ) IS PROVIDED
> ALL THE SYSTEMS IN THE AIRCRAFT IS EXPLAINED . EX:- LANDING GEAR , HYDRAULICS ETC.
AFTER ALL THE GROUND TRAINING EXAM IS CONDUCTED . IF YOU FAIL IN IT YOU WILL BE
GIVEN 2 -3 ATTEMPTS.

2. HANDLING PHASE :-
FBS (FIXED BASED SIMUATOR ) FFS ( FULL FLIGHT SIMULATOR)
> TOTAL 12 SESSIONS > TOTAL 8 SESSIONS
> ONLY STATIC FEED BACK >MOTION BASED FEEDBACK DURING FLIGHT LIKE
> BREFING+EXERCISING+DE BREIFING A REAL AIRCRAFT .
> EXERCISE SESSION IS 4 HOURS >BREIFING+EXERCISING+DE BREIFING
>ALL THE PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS > PRACTISE SESSION WILL BE DONE
WILL BE TAUGHT . > IT IS THE EXACT REPLICA OF THE AIRCRAFT.

3. LINE ORIENTED TRAINING 1-SESSION


>BASIC OBJECTIVE IS TO JUDGE HOW YOU DEAL WORKLOAD.
>HOW YOU REACT IN NORMAL , ABNORMAL , AND EMERGENCY SITUTIONS.
>HOW YOU COMMUNICATE IN SOME SORT OF SITUATIONS.

4. SKILL TEST
>INSTRUCTOR WILL MONITOR YOUR ACTIONS .
>INSTRUCTOR WILL INTRODUCE FAILURES OR EMERGENSIES WITHOUT INTIMATING.
>AND HOW YOU RESPOND AND TAKE DSCISION IN SMALL AND LIMITED TIME FRAME .

AFTER CLEARING ALL THE CHECKS . ORGANISATION WILL PROVIDE YOU WITH CERTIFICATE.
YOU NEED TO COLLECT ALL THE PAPERWORK AND SEND IT TO DGCA FOR ENDORSEMENT.

NEXT IS COST AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA.


>MUST BE 18 YRS OF AGE
>VALID CPL , FRTOL ( FLIGHT RATION TELEPHONY OPERATORS LICENSE )
> VALID CLASS 1 MEDICAL
> MUST HAVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF LEVEL 4
>COSTS BETWEEN 10 TO 22 LAKHS

FFS
FIXED BASED SIMULATOR FULL FLIGHT SIM COCKPIT

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