Deep web refers to anything on the internet that is not indexed by and, therefore, accessible via a

search engine like Google. Deep web content includes anything behind a paywall or requires sign-
in credentials. Deep Web is referred to the data which are not indexed by any
standard search engine such as Google or Yahoo. The 'Deep Web' refers to all web pages
that search engines cannot find, such as user databases, registration-required web forums,
webmail pages, and pages behind paywalls

Why not dark web [Link]

Exploring dark web [Link]

How fbi catch [Link]

Surface, deep and dark web [Link]

Deep web/ dark web

[Link]

IT ACT
Tampering
Tampering with computer source documents :- Whoever knowingly or intentionally conceals,
destroys or alters or intentionally or knowingly causes another to conceal, destroy, or alter
any computer source code used for a computer, computer programme, computer system
or computer network,
Whoever knowingly or intentionally conceals, destroy, or alter any computer source code used for
a computer, computer programme, computer system or computer network, when the computer
source code is required to be kept or maintained by law for the time being in force, shall be
punishable with imprisonment up to three years, or with fine which may extend up to two lakh
rupees, or with both.
Offensive- disgusting –hateful
c) any electronic mail or electronic mail message for the purpose of causing annoyance or
inconvenience or to deceive or to mislead the addressee or recipient about the origin of
such messages, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years
and with fine. Explanation.

Section 66B in The Information Technology Act, 2000

73 [ 66B Punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device.
-Whoever dishonestly received or retains any stolen computer resource or communication device
knowing or having reason to believe the same to be stolen computer resource or communication
device, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to
three years or with fine which may extend to rupees one lakh or with both. ]
 Section 66C provides for punishment for Identity theft as: Whoever, fraudulently or
dishonestly make use of the electronic signature, password or any other unique
identification feature of any other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine with
may extend to rupees one lakh.
 Section 66 D on the other hand was inserted to punish cheating by impersonation
(masquerade- a way of behaving that hides the truth or somebody’s true feelings) using
computer resources.
 Section 66E in The Information Technology Act, 2000
 76 [ 66E Punishment for violation of privacy. -Whoever, intentionally or knowingly
captures, publishes or transmits the image of a private area of any person without his or her
consent, under circumstances violating the privacy of that person, shall be punished with
imprisonment which may extend to three years or with fine not exceeding two lakh rupees,
or with both. Explanation. -For the purposes of this section-
 (a) "transmit" means to electronically send a visual image with the intent that it be viewed
by a person or persons;
 (b) "capture", with respect to an image, means to videotape, photograph, film or record by
any means;
 (c) "private area" means the naked or undergarment clad genitals, pubic area, buttocks or
female breast;
 (d) "publishes" means reproduction in the printed or electronic form and making it
available for public; e) "under circumstances violating privacy" means circumstances in
which a person can have a reasonable expectation that;-
 (i) he or she could disrobe in privacy, without being concerned that an image of his private
area was being captured; or
 (ii) any part of his or her private area would not be visible to the public, regardless of
whether that person is in a public or private place. ]

 [66-F. Punishment for cyber terrorism.—(1) Whoever,—

 (A) with intent to threaten the unity, integrity, security or sovereignty of India or to strike
terror in the people or any section of the people by—
 (i) denying or cause the denial of access to any person authorised to access computer
resource; or
 (ii) attempting to penetrate or access a computer resource without authorisation or
exceeding authorised access; or
 (iii) introducing or causing to introduce any computer contaminant,
 and by means of such conduct causes or is likely to cause death or injuries to persons or
damage to or destruction of property or disrupts or knowing that it is likely to cause damage
or disruption of supplies or services essential to the life of the community or adversely
affect the critical information infrastructure specified under Section 70; or
  (B) knowingly or intentionally penetrates or accesses a computer resource without
authorisation or exceeding authorised access, and by means of such conduct obtains access
to information, data or computer database that is restricted for reasons of the security of
the State or foreign relations; or any restricted information, data or computer database, with
reasons to believe that such information, data or computer database so obtained may be
used to cause or likely to cause injury to the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of
India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency
or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence, or
to the advantage of any foreign nation, group of individuals or otherwise,
 commits the offence of cyber terrorism.
 (2) Whoever commits or conspires to commit cyber terrorism shall be punishable with
imprisonment which may extend to imprisonment for life.]

Section 67 of The Information Technology Act, 2000 penalises any person for transmitting
obscene material that is lascivious in nature. ... Materials which are 'sex-related' having a
tendency of 'exciting lustful' thoughts would fall under the ambit of obscene

Section 67A in The Information Technology Act, 2000

78 [ 67A Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material containing sexually explicit act,
etc., in electronic form. -Whoever publishes or transmits or causes to be published or transmitted
in the electronic form any material which contains sexually explicit(open) act or conduct shall be
punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend
to five years and with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees and in the event of second or
subsequent conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to
seven years and also with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees. ]

Section 67B in The Information Technology Act, 2000

79 [ 67B Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material depicting children in sexually

explicit act, etc., in electronic form. -Whoever-

(a) publishes or transmites or causes to be published or transmitted material in any electronic form
which depicts children engaged in sexually esplicit act or conduct; or

(b) creates text or digital images, collects, seeks, browses, downloads, advertises, promotes,
exchanges or distributes material in any electronic form depicting children in obscene or indecent
or sexually explicit manner; or

(c) cultivates, entices or induces children to online relationship with one or more children for and
on sexually explicit act or in a manner that may offend a reasonable adult on the computer resource;
or
(d) facilitates abusing children online, or

(e) records in any electronic form own abuse or that of others pertaining to sexually explicit act
with children, shall be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a
term which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees and in the
event of second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment of either discription for a term which
may extend to seven years and also with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees:

Provided that provisions of section 67, section 67A and this section does not extend to any book,
pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting representation or figure in electronic form-

(i) the publication of which is proved to be justified as being for the public good on the ground
that such book, pamphlet, paper, writing drawing, painting representation or figure is in the interest
of science, literature, art or learning or other objects of general concern; or

(ii) which is kept or used for bona fide heritage or religious purposes.

Explanation. -For the purposes of this section "children" means a person who has not completed
the age of 18 years.]

Section 67C in The Information Technology Act, 2000

80 [ 67C Preservation and retention of information by intermediaries. -
(1) Intermediary shall preserve and retain such information as may be specified for such duration
and in such manner and format as the Central Government may prescribe.
(2) Any intermediary who intentionally or knowingly breach the provisions of sub-section (1) shall
be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and also be liable
to fine.]

Section 69 in The Information Technology Act, 2000

82
[ 69 Power to issue directions for interception or monitoring or decryption of any information
through any computer resource. -

(1) Where the Central Government or a State Government or any of its officers specially authorised
by the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, in this behalf may, if
satisfied that it is necessary or expedient to do in the interest of the sovereignty or integrity of
India, defence of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States or public order
or for preventing incitement to the commission of any cognizable offence relating to above or for
investigation of any offence, it may, subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), for reasons to be
recorded in writing, by order, direct any agency of the appropriate Government to intercept,
monitor or decrypt or cause to be intercepted or monitored or decrypted any information generated,
transmitted, received or stored in any computer resource.

(2) The procedure and safeguards subject to which such interception or monitoring or decryption
may be carried out, shall be such as may be prescribed.

(3) The subscriber or intermediary or any person in-charge of the computer resource shall, when
called upon by any agency referred to in sub-section (1), extend all facilities and technical
assistance to-

(a) provide access to or secure access to the computer resource generating, transmitting, receiving
or storing such information; or

(b) intercept, monitor, or decrypt the information, as the case may be; or

(c) provide information stored in computer resource.

(4) The subscriber or intermediary or any person who fails to assist the agency referred to in sub-
section (3) shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and
shall also be liable to fine.]

Section 69A of the Information Technology Act, 2000, was introduced by an amendment to
the Act in 2008. It gives the Central government the power to block public access to any
information online — whether on websites or mobile apps. ... Apart from this, a court may also
issue directions for blocking information online.

ection 69B in The Information Technology Act, 2000

84
[ 69B Power to authorise to monitor and collect traffic data or information through any computer
resource for cyber security. -
(1) The Central Government may, to enhance cyber security and for identification, analysis and
prevention of intrusion or spread of computer contaminant in the country, by notification in the
Official Gazette, authorise any agency of the Government to monitor and collect traffic data or
information generated, transmitted, received or stored in any computer resource.
(2) The intermediary or any person in-charge of the computer resource shall, when called upon by
the agency which has been authorised under sub-section (1), provide technical assistance and
extend all facilities to such agency to enable online access or to secure and provide online access
to the computer resource generating, transmitting, receiving or storing such traffic data or
information.
(3) The procedure and safeguards for monitoring and collecting traffic data or information, shall
be such as may be prescribed.
(4) Any intermediary who intentionally or knowingly contravenes the provisions of sub-section
(2) shall be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall
also be liable to fine. Explanation. -For the purposes of this section,-
(i) "computer contaminant" shall have the meaning assigned to it in section 43;
(ii) "traffic data" means any data identifying or purporting to identify any person, computer system
or computer network or location to or from which the communication is or may be transmitted and
includes communications origin, destination, route, time, data, size, duration or type of underlying
service or any other information.]

Section 70 in The Information Technology Act, 2000. (1) The appropriate Government may, by
notification in the Official Gazette, declare any computer resource which directly or indirectly
affects the facility of Critical Information Infrastructure, to be a protected system. Explanation.
Section 71 in The Information Technology Act, 2000
71 Penalty for misrepresentation. -Whoever makes any misrepresentation to, or suppresses any
material fact from the Controller or the Certifying Authority for obtaining any licence
or 89 [Electronic Signature] Certificate, as the case may be, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or
with both.

Section 72 of the IT Act provides for a criminal penalty where a government official discloses
records and information accessed in the course of his or her duties without the consent of the
concerned person, unless permitted by other [Link] 29, 2018

Section 73 in The Information Technology Act, 2000

73 Penalty for publishing 91 [Electronic Signature] Certificate false in certain particulars. -
(1) No person shall publish a 92 [Electronic Signature] Certificate or otherwise make it available to
any other person with the knowledge that-
(a) the Certifying Authority listed in the certificate has not issued it; or
(b) the subscriber listed in the certificate has not accepted it; or
(c) the certificate has been revoked or suspended, unless such publication is for the purpose of
verifying a 92 [electronic signature] created prior to such suspension or revocation.
(2) Any person who contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be punished with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine which may extend to one
lakh rupees, or with both.

Section 74
If any person knowingly creates, publishes or otherwise makes available a Electronic Signature
Certificate for any fraudulent or unlawful purpose, he shall be punished with imprisonment upto
two years, or with fine upto one lakh rupees, or with both.
Section 75: If any person have committed an offence, or contravention committed outside India,
and if the act or conduct constituting the offence or contravention involves a computer, computer
system or computer network located in India, then the provisions of this Act shall apply also to
any offence or contravention

77. Penalties or confiscation not to interfere with other punishments. -No penalty imposed or
confiscation made under this Act shall prevent the imposition of any other punishment to which
the person affected thereby is liable under any other law for the time being in force.
Section 77A-Information Technology Act, 2000. *[ 77A. Compounding of Offences. - (1) A
Court of competent jurisdiction may compound offences other than offences for which the
punishment for life or imprisonment for a term exceeding three years has been provided under
this Act.
[77B. Offences with three years imprisonment to be bailable. - Notwithstanding anything
contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973(2 of 1974), the offence punishable with
imprisonment of three years and above shall be cognizable and the offence punishable with
imprisonment of three years shall be bailable.] 1.

Section 79 in The Information Technology Act, 2000

95 [ 79 Exemption from liability of intermediary in certain cases. -
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in force but subject to the
provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3), an intermediary shall not be liable for any third party
information, data, or communication link made available or hosted by him.
(2) The provisions of sub-section (1) shall apply if-
(a) the function of the intermediary is limited to providing access to a communication system over
which information made available by third parties is transmitted or temporarily stored or hosted;
or
(b) the intermediary does not-
(i) initiate the transmission,
(ii) select the receiver of the transmission, and
(iii) select or modify the information contained in the transmission;
(c) the intermediary observes due diligence while discharging his duties under this Act and also
observes such other guidelines as the Central Government may prescribe in this behalf.
(3) The provisions of sub-section (1) shall not apply if-
(a) the intermediary has conspired or abetted or aided or induced, whether by threats or promise
or othorise in the commission of the unlawful act;
(b) upon receiving actual knowledge, or on being notified by the appropriate Government or its
agency that any information, data or communication link residing in or connected to a computer
resource, controlled by the intermediary is being used to commit the unlawful act, the intermediary
fails to expeditiously remove or disable access to that material on that resource without vitiating
the evidence in any manner.
Explanation. -For the purpose of this section, the expression "third party information" means any
information dealt with by an intermediary in his capacity as an intermediary.]
*[ 84B. Punishment for abetment of offences. - Whoever abets any offence shall, if the act abetted
is committed in consequence of the abetment, and no express provision is made by this Act for the
punishment of such abetment, be punished with the punishment provided for the offence under
this Act.

Section 84C: Punishment for attempt to commit offences

Whoever attempts to commit an offence punishable by this Act or causes such an offence to be
committed, and in such an attempt does any act towards the commission of the offence, shall,
where no express provision is made for the punishment of such attempt, be punished with
imprisonment of any description provided for the offence, for a term which may extend to one-
half of the longest term of imprisonment provided for that offence, or with such fine as is provided
for the offence or with both.

ection 85 in The Information Technology Act, 2000

85. Offences by companies.-
(1) Where a person committing a contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or of any rule,
direction or order made thereunder is a company, every person who, at the time the contravention
was committed, was in charge of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of business
of the company as well as the company, shall be guilty of the contravention and shall be liable to
be proceeded against and punished accordingly: Provided that nothing contained in this sub-
section shall render any such person liable to punishment if he proves that the contravention took
place without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent such contravention.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where a contravention of any of the
provisions of this Act or of any rule, direction or order made thereunder has been committed by a
company and it is proved that the contravention has taken place with the consent or connivance of,
or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of
the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty
of the contravention and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
Explanation.-For the purposes of this section,-
(i) "company" means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals;
and
(ii) "director", in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.

Section 503 in The Indian Penal Code

503. Criminal intimidation.—Whoever threatens another with any injury to his person, reputation
or property, or to the person or reputation of any one in whom that person is interested, with intent
to cause alarm to that person, or to cause that person to do any act which he is not legally bound
to do, or to omit to do any act which that person is legally entitled to do, as the means of avoiding
the execution of such threat, commits criminal intimidation. Explanation.—A threat to injure the
reputation of any deceased person in whom the person threatened is interested, is within this
section. Illustration A, for the purpose of inducing B to desist from prosecuting a civil suit,
threatens to burn B’s house. A is guilty of criminal intimidation.

Section 509. Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a [Link] Next

Whoever, intending to insult the modesty of any woman, utters any words, makes any sound or
gesture, or exhibits any object, intending that such word or sound shall be heard, or that such
gesture or object shall be seen, by such woman, or intrudes upon the privacy of such
woman, 1 [shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years,
and also with fine].

509B. Sexual harassment by electronic mode.--Whoever, by means of telecommunication

device or by any other electronic mode including internet, makes creates, solicits or initiates the
transmission of any comment, request, suggestion, proposal, image or other communication, which
is obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy or indecent with intent to harass or cause or having knowledge
that it would harass or cause annoyance or mental agony to a woman shall be punished with
rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than six months but may extend to two
years and shall also be liable to fine."

Section 499 in The Indian Penal Code

499. Defamation.—Whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs or by
visible representations, makes or publishes any imputation concerning any person intending to
harm, or knowing or having reason to believe that such imputation will harm, the reputation of
such person, is said, except in the cases hereinafter expected, to defame that person. Explanation
1.—It may amount to defamation to impute anything to a deceased person, if the imputation would
harm the reputation of that person if living, and is intended to be hurtful to the feelings of his
family or other near relatives. Explanation 2.—It may amount to defamation to make an imputation
concerning a company or an association or collection of persons as such. Explanation 3.—An
imputation in the form of an alternative or expressed ironically, may amount to defamation.
Explanation 4.—No imputation is said to harm a person’s reputation, unless that imputation
directly or indirectly, in the estimation of others, lowers the moral or intellectual character of that
person, or lowers the character of that person in respect of his caste or of his calling, or lowers the
credit of that person, or causes it to be believed that the body of that person is in a loathsome state,
or in a state generally considered as disgraceful. Illustrations

(a) A says—“Z is an honest man; he never stole B’s watch”; intending to cause it to be believed
that Z did steal B’s watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions.

(b) A is asked who stole B’s watch. A points to Z, intending to cause it to be believed that Z stole
B’s watch. This is defamation unless it fall within one of the exceptions.

(c) A draws a picture of Z running away with B’s watch, intending it to be believed that Z stole
B’s watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. First Exception.—
Imputation of truth which public good requires to be made or published.—It is not defamation to
impute anything which is true concerning any person, if it be for the public good that the imputation
should be made or published. Whether or not it is for the public good is a question of fact. Second
Exception.—Public conduct of public servants.—It is not defamation to express in a good faith
any opinion whatever respecting the conduct of a public servant in the discharge of his public
functions, or respecting his character, so far as his character appears in that conduct, and no further.
Third Exception.—Conduct of any person touching any public question.—It is not defamation to
express in good faith any opinion whatever respecting the conduct of any person touching any
public question, and respecting his character, so far as his character appears in that conduct, and
no further. Illustration It is not defamation in A to express in good faith any opinion whatever
respecting Z’s conduct in petitioning Government on a public question, in signing a requisition for
a meeting on a public question, in presiding or attending a such meeting, in forming or joining any
society which invites the public support, in voting or canvassing for a particular candidate for any
situation in the efficient discharges of the duties of which the public is interested. Fourth
Exception.—Publication of reports of proceedings of Courts.—It is not defamation to publish
substantially true report of the proceedings of a Court of Justice, or of the result of any such
proceedings. Explanation.—A Justice of the Peace or other officer holding an inquiry in open
Court preliminary to a trial in a Court of Justice, is a Court within the meaning of the above section.
Fifth Exception.—Merits of case decided in Court or conduct of witnesses and others concerned.—
It is not defamation to express in good faith any opinion whatever respecting the merits of any
case, civil or criminal, which has been decided by a Court of Justice, or respecting the conduct of
any person as a party, witness or agent, in any such case, or respecting the character of such person,
as far as his character appears in that conduct, and no further. Illustrations

(a) A says—“I think Z’s evidence on that trial is so contradictory that he must be stupid or
dishonest”. A is within this exception if he says this is in good faith, in as much as the opinion
which he expresses respects Z’s character as it appears in Z’s conduct as a witness, and no further.

(b) But if A says—“I do not believe what Z asserted at that trial because I know him to be a man
without veracity”; A is not within this exception, in as much as the opinion which he express of
Z’s character, is an opinion not founded on Z’s conduct as a witness. Sixth Exception.—Merits of
public performance.—It is not defamation to express in good faith any opinion respecting the
merits of any performance which its author has submitted to the judgment of the public, or
respecting the character of the author so far as his character appears in such performance, and no
further. Explanation.—A performance may be substituted to the judgment of the public expressly
or by acts on the part of the author which imply such submission to the judgment of the public.
Illustrations

(a) A person who publishes a book, submits that book to the judgment of the public.

(b) A person who makes a speech in public, submits that speech to the judgment of the public.

(c) An actor or singer who appears on a public stage, submits his acting or signing in the judgment
of the public.

(d) A says of a book published by Z—“Z’s book is foolish; Z must be a weak man. Z’s book is
indecent; Z must be a man of impure mind”. A is within the exception, if he says this in good faith,
in as much as the opinion which he expresses of Z respects Z’s character only so far as it appears
in Z’s book, and no further.

(e) But if A says—“I am not surprised that Z’s book is foolish and indecent, for he is a weak man
and a libertine”. A is not within this exception, in as much as the opinion which he expresses of
Z’s character is an opinion not founded on Z’s book. Seventh Exception.—Censure passed in good
faith by person having lawful authority over another.—It is not defamation in a person having over
another any authority, either conferred by law or arising out of a lawful contract made with that
other, to pass in good faith any censure on the conduct of that other in matters to which such lawful
authority relates. Illustration A Judge censuring in good faith the conduct of a witness, or of an
officer of the Court; a head of a department censuring in good faith those who are under his orders;
a parent censuring in good faith a child in the presence of other children; a school-master, whose
authority is derived from a parent, censuring in good faith a pupil in the presence of other pupils;
a master censuring a servant in good faith for remissness in service; a banker censuring in good
faith the cashier of his bank for the conduct of such cashier as such cashier—are within this
exception. Eighth Exception.—Accusation preferred in good faith to authorised person.—It is not
defamation to prefer in good faith an accusation against any person to any of those who have lawful
authority over that person with respect to the subject-matter of accusation. Illustration If A in good
faith accuse Z before a Magistrate; if A in good faith complains of the conduct of Z, a servant, to
Z’s master; if A in good faith complains of the conduct of Z, and child, to Z’s father—A is within
this exception. Ninth Exception.—Imputation made in good faith by person for protection of his
or other’s interests.—It is not defamation to make an imputation on the character of another
provided that the imputation be made in good faith for the protection of the interests of the person
making it, or of any other person, or for the public good. Illustrations

(a) A, a shopkeeper, says to B, who manages his business—“Sell nothing to Z unless he pays you
ready money, for I have no opinion of his honesty”. A is within the exception, if he has made this
imputation on Z in good faith for the protection of his own interests.

(b) A, a Magistrate, in making a report of his own superior officer, casts an imputation on the
character of Z. Here, if the imputation is made in good faith, and for the public good, A is within
the exception. Tenth Exception.—Caution intended for good of person to whom conveyed or for
public good.—It is not defamation to convey a caution, in good faith, to one person against another,
provided that such caution be intended for the good of the person to whom it is conveyed, or of
some person in whom that person is interested, or for the public good. COMMENTS Imputation
without publication In section 499 the words “makes or publishes any imputation” should be
interpreted as words supplementing to each other. A maker of imputation without publication is
not liable to be punished under that section; Bilal Ahmed Kaloo v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (1997)
7 Supreme Today 127.

Section 420 in The Indian Penal Code

420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property.—Whoever cheats and thereby
dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or
destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and
which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment
of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.

Section 468 in The Indian Penal Code

468. Forgery for purpose of cheating.—Whoever commits forgery, intending that the 1[document
or electronic record forged] shall be used for the purpose of cheating, shall be punished with
imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be
liable to fine.

Section 469 in The Indian Penal Code

469. Forgery for purpose of harming reputation.—Whoever commits forgery, 1[intending that the
document or electronic record forged] shall harm the reputation of any party, or knowing that it is
likely to be used for that purpose, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a
term which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine.

Section 383 in The Indian Penal Code

Web jacking is simply when someone clones your website, and tricks you to believe the cloned
site is yours. The malicious link is placed somewhere on your webpage waiting for a click.
Immediately, you click on it; a malicious web server replaces it. And that means you have lost
complete access to your website.
383. Extortion.—Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to that person, or to
any other, and thereby dishonestly induces the person so put in fear to deliver to any person any
property or valuable security, or anything signed or sealed which may be converted into a valuable
security, commits “extortion”. Illustrations
(a) A threatens to publish a defamatory libel concerning Z unless Z gives him money. He thus
induces Z to give him money. A has committed extortion.
(b) A threatens Z that he will keep Z’s child in wrongful confinement, unless Z will sign and
deliver to A a promissory note binding Z to pay certain monies to A. Z signs and delivers the note.
A has committed extortion.
(c) A threatens to send club-men to plough up Z’s field unless Z will sign and deliver to B a bond
binding Z under a penalty to deliver certain produce to B, and thereby induces Z to sign and deliver
the bond. A has committed extortion.
(d) A, by putting Z in fear of grievous hurt, dishonestly induces Z to sign or affix his seal to a
blank paper and deliver it to A. Z signs and delivers the paper to A. Here, as the paper so signed
may be converted into a valuable security. A has committed extortion.
Section 500 in The Indian Penal Code
500. Punishment for defamation.—Whoever defames another shall be punished with simple
imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.

Section 506 in The Indian Penal Code. 506. Punishment for criminal intimidation. —Whoever
commits, the offence of criminal intimidation shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both; If threat be to
cause death or grievous hurt, etc.
507. Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication.—Whoever commits the offence of
criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication, or having taken precaution to conceal the
name or abode of the person from whom the threat comes, shall be punished with imprisonment
of either description for a term which may extend to two years, in addition to the punishment
provided for the offence by the last preceding section.
Section 63 in The Information Technology Act, 2000
63. Compounding of contraventions.-
(1) Any contravention under this 67 [Act] may, either before or after the institution of adjudication
proceedings, be compounded by the Controller or such other officer as may be specially authorised
by him in this behalf or by the adjudicating officer, as the case may be, subject to such conditions
as the Controller or such other officer or the adjudicating officer may specify: Provided that such
sum shall not, in any case, exceed the maximum amount of the penalty which may be imposed
under this Act for the contravention so compounded.
(2) Nothing in sub-section (1) shall apply to a person who commits the same or similar
contravention within a period of three years from the date on which the first contravention,
committed by him, was compounded. Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-section, any
second or subsequent contravention committed after the expiry of a period of three years from the
date on which the contravention was previously compounded shall be deemed to be a first
contravention.
(3) Where any contravention has been compounded under sub-section (1), no proceeding or further
proceeding, as the case may be, shall be taken against the person guilty of such contravention in
respect of the contravention so compounded.

Section 292 of the India Penal Code (IPC) says: “a book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing,
painting, representation, figure or any other object, shall be deemed to be obscene if it is lascivious
or appeals to the prurient interest or if its effect (is) such as to tend to deprave and corrupt person".
ection 292 in The Indian Penal Code
260
[292. Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc.— 261 [

(1) For the purposes of sub-section (2), a book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting,
representation, figure or any other object, shall be deemed to be obscene if it is lascivious or
appeals to the prurient interest or if its effect, or (where it comprises two or more distinct items)
the effect of any one of its items, is, if taken as a whole, such as to tend to deprave and corrupt
person, who are likely, having regard to all relevant circumstances, to read, see or hear the matter
contained or embodied in it.]
262
[(2) ] Whoever—

(a) sells, lets to hire, distributes, publicly exhibits or in any manner puts into circulation, or for
purposes of sale, hire, distribution, public exhibition or circulation, makes, produces or has in his
possession any obscene book, pamphlet, paper, drawing, painting, representation or figure or any
other obscene object whatsoever, or

(b) imports, exports or conveys any obscene object for any of the purposes aforesaid, or knowing
or having reason to believe that such object will be sold, let to hire, distributed or publicly exhibited
or in any manner put into circulation, or

(c) takes part in or receives profits from any business in the course of which he knows or has reason
to believe that any such obscene objects are for any of the purposes aforesaid, made, produced,
purchased, kept, imported, exported, conveyed, publicly exhibited or in any manner put into
circulation, or

(d) advertises or makes known by any means whatsoever that any person is engaged or is ready to
engage in any act which is an offence under this section, or that any such obscene object can be
procured from or through any person, or

(e) offers or attempts to do any act which is an offence under this section, shall be punished 263 [on
first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years,
and with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees, and, in the event of a second or subsequent
conviction, with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, and
also with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees].
264
[(Exception) —This section does not extend to—

(a) any book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting, representation or figure— (i) the
publication of which is proved to be justified as being for the public good on the ground that such
book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting, representation or figure is in the interest of
science, literature, art or learning or other objects of general concern, or (ii) which is kept or used
bona fide for religious purposes;

(b) any representation sculptured, engraved, painted or otherwise represented on or in— (i) any
ancient monument within the meaning of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and
Remains Act, 1958 (24 of 1958), or (ii) any temple, or on any car used for the conveyance of idols,
or kept or used for any religious purpose.]]

Information Security refers to the processes and methodologies which are designed and
implemented to protect print, electronic, or any other form of confidential, private and
sensitive information or data from unauthorized access, use, misuse, disclosure, destruction,
modification, or disruption

What is click fraud?

click fraud is the practice of repeatedly clicking on an advertisement hosted on a website with the
intention of generating revenue for the host website or draining revenue from the advertiser.

Due care is a way to implement something right away in order to perform easing procedures. Due
diligence is making sure the right thing was done correctly, and if it is necessary to do it again or
if further research is required. Due care is doing the right thing, the prudent man rule.
Due care refers to the effort made by an ordinarily prudent or reasonable party to avoid harm to
another, taking the circumstances into account. It refers to the level of judgment, care, prudence,
determination, and activity that a person would reasonably be expected to do under particular
circumstances.

Due diligence is an investigation, audit, or review performed to confirm the facts of a matter under
consideration. In the financial world, due diligence requires an examination of financial records
before entering into a proposed transaction with another party.
Long-arm jurisdiction is the ability of local courts to exercise jurisdiction over foreign
("foreign" meaning out of jurisdiction, whether a state, province, or nation) defendants, whether
on a statutory basis or through a court's inherent jurisdiction (depending on the jurisdiction).
Dissemination (distribution)—The organization must be able to demonstrate that the relevant
policy has been made readily available for review by the employee. Common dissemination
techniques include hard copy and electronic distribution.
● Review (reading)—The organization must be able to demonstrate that it disseminated the
document in an intelligible form, including versions for illiterate, non-English reading, and
reading-impaired employees. Common techniques include recordings of the policy in English and
alternate languages.
● Comprehension (understanding)—The organization must be able to demonstrate that the
employee understood the requirements and content of the policy. Common techniques include
quizzes and other assessments
• Compliance (agreement)—The organization must be able to demonstrate that the employee
agreed to comply with the policy through act or affirmation. Common techniques include
logon banners, which require a specific action (mouse click or keystroke) to acknowledge
agreement, or a signed document clearly indicating the employee has read, understood, and
agreed to comply with the policy.

● Uniform enforcement—The organization must be able to demonstrate that the policy has been
uniformly enforced, regardless of employee status or assignment.

Cybercrime, or computer-oriented crime, is a crime that involves a computer and

a network.[1] The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the
target.[2] Cybercrime may threaten a person, company or a nation's security and financial health.

would include pornographic websites; pornographic magazines produced using computers (to
publish and print the material) and the Internet (to download and transmit pornographic pictures,
photos, writings etc).

A Denial of Service (DoS) is a type of attack on a service that disrupts its normal function
and prevents other users from accessing it.
The most common target for a DoS attack is an online service such as a website, though attacks
can also be launched against networks, machines or even a single program
Virus dissemination is a process of a Malicious software that attaches to other software that
destroys the system of the victim. They disrupt the computer operation and affect the data store by
modifying or deleting it.

Computer vandalism is a process wherein there is a program that performs malicious function
such as extracting a user's password or other data or erasing the hard disk. A vandal differs from
a virus, which attaches itself to an existing executable program.

Cyberterrorism is the use of the Internet to conduct violent acts that result in, or threaten, loss of
life or significant bodily harm, in order to achieve political or ideological gains through threat or
[Link] of illegal articles: This would include sale of narcotics, weapons and wildlife
etc., by posting information on websites, auction websites, and bulletin boards or simply by using
email communication.

Computer privacy refers to several main topics. Information shared with visiting web pages. How
that information is used. With whom the information is shared. If that information is used to track
users.

Privacy software is software built to protect the privacy of its users. The software typically
works in conjunction with Internet usage to control or limit the amount of information made
available to third parties. The software can apply encryption or filtering of various kinds.
Software piracy is defined as illegally copying software that does not belong to you in a manner
that violates the copyright. A example of software piracy is when you download a copy of
Microsoft Word from a file-sharing website without paying for it.

3. Online gambling There are millions of websites; all hosted on servers abroad, that offer online
gambling. In fact, it is believed that many of these websites are actually fronts for money
laundering.

Delhi school public case

In 2004, an underage male student attending Delhi Public School, R.K. Puram, shot a video on his
phone of a fellow female student topless and performing fellatio on him, seemingly without her
knowledge. The grainy video clip was then shared through MMS and went viral on porn sites.
Raviraj Singh, an engineering student attending IIT Kharagpur,
was prosecuted for allegedly selling the two-and-a-half minute clip on [Link]. Since the two
students were minors they could not be prosecuted. Raviraj Singh was later acquitted because he
had not yet made any money off of the video and his possession of the clip could not be proved
beyond a reasonable doubt. The blame was then directed at Avnish Bajaj, the CEO of Baazee[2]

Hawala works by transferring money without actually moving it. In fact “money transfer without
money movement” is a definition of hawala that was used, successfully, in a hawala money
laundering case

saales of Illegal Articles: Cases where the sales of illegal articles such as narcotics drugs, weapons,
wildlife etc is being facilitated by the internet, Information about the availability of the product fro
the sale is being posted on auction websitesm, bullitien boards etc.

Intellectual Property Crimes: These includes software piracy, copyright infringement,

trademarks violations, theft of computer source codes etc.

Email Spoofing: A spoofed email is the one that appear to originate from one source but actually
has been sent from another source.

Cyber stalking: It refers to use of the internet, email , or other electronics communications devices
to follow another person. Stalking invloves harassing, or threatening behaviour that an individual
is engaged in repeatedly. Stalking laws requires that the perpetrator make a credible threat of
violence against the victim; other includes threat against the victim’s immediate family.

Email Bombing: It refers to sending a large number of emails to the victim resulting in the victims
email account or mail server to crashing. It is a type of DOS attack in which flood of information
requests is sent to a server, bringing the system to knees and making the server difficult to access.

Web jacking is simply when someone clones your website, and tricks you to believe the cloned
site is yours. The malicious link is placed somewhere on your webpage waiting for a click.
Immediately, you click on it; a malicious web server replaces it. And that means you have lost
complete access to your website.

1. The _______ plan shows whether the business is economically feasible or not.
a. Financial b. Business c. Economic d. Marketing

2. Entrepreneurship can best be described as:

a) a process that requires setting up a business
b) taking a significant risk in a business context
c) having a strong vision
d) a process involving innovation, new products or services, and value creation

3. The period of business when an entrepreneur must position the venture in a

market and make necessary adjustments to assure survival is called the:
a) pre-startup stage.
b) startup stage.
c) early growth stage.
d) later growth stage.

4. It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of small businesses fail within

the first five years.
a. 10. b. 25. c. 50. d. 75.

5. The _________ plan should contain control points to ascertain progress.

a. Business b. Marketing c. Financial d. Operational

6. The Marketing Plan section should focus for the strategies of

a. First Year b. First two years
c. First Three Years d. First four years

7. The business plan should be prepared by:

a. Entrepreneurs b. Consultants c. Engineers d. All of above options

8. The ______ plan describes how the product will be distributed and priced.
a. Financial b. Production c. Marketing d. Venture

9. Why should an entrepreneur do a feasibility study?

A. To see if there are possible barriers to success
B. To identify possible sources of funds
C. To estimate the expected sales
D. To explore potential customers

10. The most essential role of the executive summary in the business plan is to
a. describe the company’s goals in detail
b. explain the business plan’s objectives in detail
c. identify the means by which company performance will be measured
d. attract investors

11. Which type of business plan is intended as the blueprint of a company's

activities and is directed to an internal audience?
a. Operational b. Full c. Summary d. Tactical

12. What are the primary reasons that startups need funding?
a. Cash flow challenges, capital investments, and lengthy product development
cycles
b. Business research, cash flow challenges, and costs associated with building a
brand
c. Bonuses for members of the new venture team, legalfees, and lengthy product
development cycles
d. Attorney fees, capital investments, and marketing research

13. The single most important part of your business plan is:
a. The Financials b. The Executive Summary
c. Management & Organization d. Operations

14. A busy funder must be able to read your Executive Summary in less than
a. A week b. Five minutes c. An hour d. 30 seconds

15. Some investors may ask to see which two parts of the
business plan first?
a. Synopsis Summary and Narrative Summary
b. Executive Summary and Management & Organization
c. Executive Summary and Financials
d. Executive Summary and Appendix

16. The Executive Summary must show many that:

a. Your basic business concept makes sense
b. The management is capable
c. Your business incorporates competitive advantages
d. All of the above

17. Your Statement of Mission can describe your company in terms

of:
a. Commitment to quality
b. Service and customer relationship
c. Price positioning, Management style and work environment
d. All of the above

18. Include the following when describing your products or services

a. Nature of products or services
b. Number and type of product lines
c. Unique features or innovations
d. All of the above

19. If applicable, include the following milestones achieved to date:

a. Secured customers
b. Date company founded
c. Stage of product development
d. All of the above

20. Which of the following should you include to indicate your financial status?
a. Present source of funds
b. Key ratio analysis
c. None of the above
d. All of the above

21. Operations:
a. Cover day-­­to-­­day functions
b. Seem mundane but are vital to success
c. Can create a competitive advantage
d. All of the above

22. A Break-­Even Analysis shows:

a. Where money comes from and how it’s spent
b. Point at which sales exceed costs
c. Initial investment needed to begin operations
d. How you determined the figures used in the financials

23. An Appendix is the proper place to:

a. Provide information that that supports, confirms, and reinforces conclusions
reached in the plan
b. Give greater details about particular aspects covered in the plan
c. Include very specific details regarding market research, technology, location,
etc.
d. All of the above.

24. Which of the following information is appropriate for the Appendix?

a. Letters of intent/key contracts b. Endorsements
c. Photos, List of locations d. All of the above

25. Use the staffing budget to:

a. Plan how many employees you’ll need
b. Plan when you’ll need employees
c. All of the above
d. None of these

26. Corporate Social Responsibility is:

a. Good for business
b. Good for the community
c. All of the above
d. None of these

27. Marketing:
a. Makes customers aware of you
b. Solicits the sales and completes the orders
c. None of the above
d. All of the above

28. One effective way to begin the marketing plan is

a. To make a list of the information that will be needed to prepare the marketing
plan.
b. Gathering Data from Secondary Sources
c. Gathering Information from Primary Sources.
d. None of the options given

29. The financial plan provides a complete picture of

a. How much and when the funds are coming into the organization.
b. Where the funds are going.
c. How much cash is available?
d. Al of the options given

30. In setting marketing goals and objectives the entrepreneur must

a. Set the price
b. Distribution place
c. Must satisfy customers
d. None of the above

31. ________________Planning is the task of determining how a business will

afford to achieve its strategic goals and objectives.
a. Business b. Marketing c. Financial d. Operational

32. Entrepreneurs are expected to include a number of financial statements like

A. 12 Month Profit & Loss Statement
B. Three-Year Profit Projection (Optional)
C. Projected Cash Flow
D. All of the Above

33. A __________ is a document or spreadsheet outlining an individual's financial

position at a given point in time.
a. 12 Month Profit & Loss Statement b. Personal financial statement
c. Financial Plan d. Marketing

34. Explain the daily operation of the business, its location, equipment, people,
processes, and surrounding environment is a part of__________ plan.
a. Business b. Marketing c. Financial d. Operational

35 ___________ provides a general direction of the business and outlines

the company for potential investors or potential partners.
a. General Company Description b. Marketing Plan
c. Financial Plan d. Operational Plan

1. B
2. D
3. B
4. D
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. C
9. A
10. D
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. C
16. D
17. D
18. D
19. D
20. A
21. D
22. B
23. D
24. D
25. C
26. C
27. A
28. A
29. D
30. D
31. C
32. D
33. B
34. D
35. A
1. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protect the use of information and ideas that are of
a. Ethical value
b. Moral value
c. Social value
d. Commercial value
(Ans: d)
2. The term ‘Intellectual Property Rights’ covers

a. Copyrights
b. Know-how
c. Trade dress
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
3. The following can not be exploited by assigning or by licensing the rights to others.

a. Patents
b. Designs
c. Trademark
d. All of the above
(Ans: c)
4. The following can be patented

a. Machine
b. Process
c. Composition of matter
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
5. In ‘quid-pro-quo’, quo stands for

a. knowledge disclosed to the public

b. monopoly granted for the term of the patent
c. exclusive privilege of making, selling and using the invention
d. None of the above
(Ans: b)
6. Trade mark

a. is represented graphically
b. is capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one person from those of others
c. may includes shapes of goods or combination of colours
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
7. Symbol of Maharaja of Air India is

a. Copyright
b. Patent
c. Trademark
d. All of the above
(Ans: c)
8. In India, the literary work is protected until
a. Lifetime of author
b. 25 years after the death of author
c. 40 years after the death of author
d. 60 years after the death of author
(Ans: d)
9. Design does not include
a. features of shape
b. composition of lines or colours
c. mode or principle of construction
d. None of the above
(Ans: c)
10. The agreement that is enforceable by law is known as
a. Valid agreement
b. Void agreement
c. Illegal agreement
d. Unenforceable agreement
(Ans: a)
11. Which of the following is (are) included in Geographical indications of Goods
a. Handicraft
b. Foodstuff
c. Manufactured
d. All of the above
(Ans: d)
12. Trademark can be used as domain name
(a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Yes in some cases
(d) None of the above (Ans: a)

13. Who administer UDRP?

(a) WTO (b) WIPO (c) Supreme Court (d) High court (Ans: b)

14. Geographical Indication is

(a) Private right (b) Community right (c) Intellectual property right (d) both (b) and (c) (Ans: d)

15. Who can register Geographical Indication?

(a) Individual (b) Company (c ) Producers (d) No one of the above (Ans: c)

16. Certification mark indicates

(a) Source (b) Quality (c ) both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above (Ans: b)

17. Certification mark can be registered in

(a) Trademark Registry
(b) Certification Board
(c ) Quality Control Board
(d) MHRD (Ans: a)
18. Collective Mark is registered by
(a) Partnership firm
(b) Association of person
(c) Individual
(d) Company (Ans: b)

19. Hall Mark is

(a) Trademark
(b) Certification Mark
(c ) Collective Mark
(d) Both (a) and (b) (Ans: b)

20. Khadi is
(a) Trademark
(b) Certification Mark
(c ) Collective Mark
(d) Both (a) and (b) (Ans: c)

21. Geographical Indication can be licensed

(a) Yes
(b ) No
(c ) Yes in some cases
(d) Yes with stringent quality control (Ans: b)
[Link] mark can be licensed: FALSE

23. Trademark can be domain name. TRUE

24. Domain name is used in real world. FALSE

25. Geographical Indication is public good. FALSE

26. Company can register collective mark. FALSE

27. Trademark can be used in virtual world. TRUE

28. ICANN head quarter is in Geneva. TRUE

29. Certification is used along with trademark. TRUE

30. IPC means

(a) Indian Patent Classification (b) International Panel Code

(c) International Patent Classification (d) International Postal Code (Ans: c)

31. Patent is a form of
(a) Tangible Property (b) Intellectual Property
(c) Industrial property (d) Both (b) and (c) (Ans: d)

32. Patent protects

(a) Discovery (b) Invention (c) New invention (d) Both (a) and (b) (Ans: c)
33. Invention means
(a) New product having inventive step and capable industrial application
(b) New process
(c) New product or process having inventive step and capable industrial application
(d) None of the above (Ans: c)
34. Patent right is
(a) Exclusive right (b) Natural right (c) Property right (d) Both (a) and (c ) (Ans: a)
35. Patent right is
(a) Limited period right (b) Territorial right (c) Absolute right (d) Both (a) and (b) (Ans: d)
36. Patentability criteria includes
(a) Novelty (b) Inventive step (c) Capable of Industrial application (d) All the above (Ans: d)
37. Prior art includes
(a) Prior publication (b) Prior Use (c) Prior Knowledge (d) All the above (Ans: d)
38. Prior art search includes
(a) Search of Patent literatures (b) Search of Non-patent literature
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of the above (Ans: c)
39. Admixture is patentable in India

(a) Yes (b) No (c) Yes in some cases (Ans: c)

 40. What protects the intellectual property created by artists?
 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
Copyright protects the intellectual property created by artists.

41. What protects the intellectual property created by designers?

 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
Registered designs protect the intellectual property created by designers.

[Link] protects the intellectual property created by inventors?

 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
Patents protect the intellectual property created by inventors.

[Link] of these is a geographical indication?

 BMW
 Champagne
 Hogwarts
 Playstation
 World Wide Web
Champagne is a geographical indication.

[Link] does a trademark protect?

 an invention
 a work of art
 logos, names and brands
 the look, shape and feel of a product
 a secret formula
Trademarks protect logos, names and brands.
 [Link] most countries, how long does copyright last for?
 10 years after the creation of the work
 50 years after the creation of the work
 10 years after the death of the person who created that work
 50 years after the death of the person who created that work
In most countries, copyright lasts for 50 years after the death of the person who created that work.

46. How long do patents usually last for?

 10 years
 20 years
 40 years
 60 years
Patents usually last for 20 years.

47. If you write an original story, what type of intellectual property gives you the right to decide who
can make and sell copies of your work?
 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
Copyright gives you the right to decide who can make and sell copies of your work.

48. Imagine a footballer sets up his own company to sell his own range of clothes. What type of
intellectual property can he use to show that the clothes are made by his company?
 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
He can brand his clothes with a trademark to prove that they are made by his company.

49. If a company develops a new technology that improves its main product, what type of intellectual
property can they use to stop others from copying their invention?

 copyright
 geographical indications
 patents
 registered designs
 trademarks
They can use patents to stop others from copying their invention.
50. World intellectual property day is celebrated in

a) 26 April

b) 24 April

c) 27 April

d) 20 April Ans : a

1. What type of cyber-crime, its laws and punishments does section 66 of the
Indian IT Act holds?
a) Cracking or illegally hack into any system
b) Putting antivirus into the victim
c) Stealing data
d) Stealing hardware components
and a
2. Which of the following is not a type of cyber crime?
a) Data theft
b) Forgery
c) Damage to data and systems
d) Installing antivirus for protection
ans d
ans : b
[Link] of the following is not a type of peer-to-peer cyber-crime?
a) Phishing
b) Injecting Trojans to a target victim
c) MiTM
d) Credit card details leak in deep web
ans .d
7 . Which of the following is not done by cyber criminals?
a) Unauthorized account access
b) Mass attack using Trojans as botnets
c) Email spoofing and spamming
d) Report vulnerability in any system
ans: d
[Link] which year India’s IT Act came into existence?
a) 2000
b) 2001
c) 2002
d) 2003
ans: a
[Link] which section of IT Act, stealing any digital asset or information is written
a cyber-crime.
a) 65
b) 65-D
c) 67
d) 70
ans: a
[Link] is the punishment in India for stealing computer documents, assets or
any software’s source code from any organization, individual, or from any other
means?
a) 6 months of imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 50,000
b) 1 year of imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 100,000
c) 2 years of imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 250,000
d) 3 years of imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 500,000
ans: d
1. A genetic term that is concerned to the legal and regulatory aspects of
Internet and computer technology.
Copyright law Cyber law Computer Crime None of them
12. “The Electronic Transaction and Digital Signature Act-Ordinance” is Known
as:
i. Intellectual Property
Law Cyber Law
ii. Telecommunication
Law Data Protection Law
13. A criminal activity within the information technology infrastructure.
Digital crime Intellectual property Cybercrime All of
them
14. _______ is the normal Principal that regulates the use of computers.
Cyber Law Cyber act Computer ethics All of them
15. The method of making the data or message unreadable by unauthorized
people.
Digital signature Decryption Encryption All of them
16.
18. Premeditated, usually politically-motivated violence committed against
civilians through the use of, or with the help of, computer technology
i) Cyber stalking ii) Cyber laundering iii) Cyber theft iv) Cyber
terrorism
19. The act of attempting to acquire sensitive information like usernames,
passwords and credit card details by disguising as a trust worthy source.
i) Hacking ii) Phishing iii) Computer Virus iv) Cyber
stalking
20. Electronic transfer of illegally-obtained monies with the goal of hiding its
source and possibly its destination.
I)Cyber stalking ii) Cyber laundering iii) Cyber
theft iv) Cyber terrorism
21. Which of the following is computer crime?
i. piracy ii. pornography iii. harassment [Link] of above
22. Which of the following is not computer crime?
i. Plagiarism ii. Password guessing iii. Internet iv. virus
transferring
23. Which of the following is included in cyber law?
i. Trademark right ii. Copyright iii. Data privacy iv. All of the
above
24. Which of the following is not computer ethics?
Not to steal data Not to bear false message Not to use
Internet Not to harm the society
25. The term ‘cyberspace’ was used in:
1984 1884 1985 1885
26. The law which includes literature and art, films, computer programs,
invention, designed used by traders for their goods or services is called:
i. Data Privacy Law Intellectual
Property Law
ii. Telecommunication Law Cyber
crime Law
27. The Process of ensuring the preservation, integrity and reliability of data is
Known as:
i. Intellectual Property Law Data
Protection and Privacy law
ii. Cyber
Law Telecommunication Law
28.
29. The law that provides a legal framework to facilitate and safeguard electronic
transaction in the electronic medium.
i. Digital signature law ii. Intellectual property law ii. Telecommunication law
30.
1. Cyber law 2. Cyber law 3. Cyber crime 4. 5. Encryption
Computer
ethics
6. 2061 7. 2004 A.D. 8. Cyber 9. Phishing 10. Cyber
terrorism laundering
11. All of the 12. Internet 13. All of the 14. Not to 15. 1984
above above use internet
th
16. . 17. Data 18. 30 Bhadra 19. Digital 20. Fair credit
Intellectual Protection 2061 BS signature reporting act
Property Law and Privacy law
law