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Solving Matrix Problems in Physics

1. Matrix addition is commutative and associative based on the rules (3a) and (3b). Scalar multiplication of matrices follows rules (4a)-(4d) including that multiplying a matrix by 1 leaves it unchanged and multiplying by 0 results in the zero matrix. 2. The problem set asks to perform various operations on matrices and vectors given in examples, identify which rules they follow, and calculate results like finding the resultant of a set of forces represented as vectors. Questions also involve proving the general rules for matrix and scalar arithmetic. 3. Students are asked to reason about properties of matrices given in examples like their sizes and main diagonals, and to transform between representations like changing distance units in a matrix

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190 views1 page

Solving Matrix Problems in Physics

1. Matrix addition is commutative and associative based on the rules (3a) and (3b). Scalar multiplication of matrices follows rules (4a)-(4d) including that multiplying a matrix by 1 leaves it unchanged and multiplying by 0 results in the zero matrix. 2. The problem set asks to perform various operations on matrices and vectors given in examples, identify which rules they follow, and calculate results like finding the resultant of a set of forces represented as vectors. Questions also involve proving the general rules for matrix and scalar arithmetic. 3. Students are asked to reason about properties of matrices given in examples like their sizes and main diagonals, and to transform between representations like changing distance units in a matrix

Uploaded by

smile km
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SEC. 7.

1 Matrices, Vectors: Addition and Scalar Multiplication 261

Hence matrix addition is commutative and associative [by (3a) and (3b)].
Similarly, for scalar multiplication we obtain the rules

(a) c(A B) cA cB

(b) (c k)A cA kA
(4)
(c) c(kA) (ck)A (written ckA)

(d) 1A A.

PROBLEM SET 7.1


1–7 GENERAL QUESTIONS 0 2
1. Equality. Give reasons why the five matrices in
Example 3 are all different. E 3 4
2. Double subscript notation. If you write the matrix in 3 1
Example 2 in the form A 3ajk4, what is a31? a13?
1.5 1 5
a26? a33?
3. Sizes. What sizes do the matrices in Examples 1, 2, 3, u 0 , v 3 , w 30 .
and 5 have?
3.0 2 10
4. Main diagonal. What is the main diagonal of A in
Example 1? Of A and B in Example 3? Find the following expressions, indicating which of the
5. Scalar multiplication. If A in Example 2 shows the rules in (3) or (4) they illustrate, or give reasons why they
number of items sold, what is the matrix B of units sold are not defined.
if a unit consists of (a) 5 items and (b) 10 items? 8. 2A 4B, 4B 2A, 0A B, 0.4B 4.2A
6. If a 12 12 matrix A shows the distances between 9. 3A, 0.5B, 3A 0.5B, 3A 0.5B C
12 cities in kilometers, how can you obtain from A the
10. (4 # 3)A, 4(3A), 14B 3B, 11B
matrix B showing these distances in miles?
7. Addition of vectors. Can you add: A row and 11. 8C 10D, 2(5D 4C), 0.6C 0.6D,
a column vector with different numbers of compo- 0.6(C D)
nents? With the same number of components? Two 12. (C D) E, (D E) C, 0(C E) 4D,
row vectors with the same number of components A 0C
but different numbers of zeros? A vector and a
13. (2 # 7)C, 2(7C), D 0E, E D C u
scalar? A vector with four components and a 2 2
1
matrix? 14. (5u 5v) 20(u 2 w, v) 2w,
E (u v), 10(u v) w
8–16 ADDITION AND SCALAR
15. (u v) w, u (v w), C 0w,
MULTIPLICATION OF MATRICES 0E u v
AND VECTORS
16. 15v 3w 0u, 3w 15v, D u 3C,
Let
8.5w 11.1u 0.4v
0 2 4 0 5 2 17. Resultant of forces. If the above vectors u, v, w
A 6 5 5 , B 5 3 4 represent forces in space, their sum is called their
resultant. Calculate it.
1 0 3 2 4 2
18. Equilibrium. By definition, forces are in equilibrium
5 2 4 1 if their resultant is the zero vector. Find a force p such
that the above u, v, w, and p are in equilibrium.
C 2 4 , D 5 0 ,
19. General rules. Prove (3) and (4) for general 2 3
1 0 2 1 matrices and scalars c and k.

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