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Linearized Model Analysis of Generators

This document presents a linearized model of frequency response for a power system with two generators of different sizes connected to loads, including a pump load whose power consumption varies with frequency. It analyzes the system response under different operating conditions and generator configurations using transfer function models. Key aspects covered include determining the system inertia constant and damping coefficient when generators are on different bases, analyzing the response when one generator trips, and finding the critical damping value.

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6 views5 pages

Linearized Model Analysis of Generators

This document presents a linearized model of frequency response for a power system with two generators of different sizes connected to loads, including a pump load whose power consumption varies with frequency. It analyzes the system response under different operating conditions and generator configurations using transfer function models. Key aspects covered include determining the system inertia constant and damping coefficient when generators are on different bases, analyzing the response when one generator trips, and finding the critical damping value.

Uploaded by

Yara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Part 4: Example 68.

3
4.1 a)
Linearized model

ΔPL ΔPL
  - Δω - Δω
  ΔPm
+ - ΔPm + -

 
D 2.4
 

Unit #1 on 10 MW base, H1 = 2sec


Unit #2 on 5 MW base, H2 = 3sec
On 10 MW base, H1 = 2sec (no change)
On 10 MW base, H2 = 3 x 5/10 = 1.5sec
Recall H = stored kinetic energy / machine MVA base,
=> stored K.E = H x MVA base
Hence, Hold x MVAold = Hnew x MVAnew
With 2 generators, H = H1 + H2 = 3.5sec

Pump Load:
Given Ppump ∝ ω3
Ppump = P0ω3
dPpump
     3P0 2   
d
On 10 MW base, ω = 1pu, Ppump = 8MW = 0.8pu

0.8  P0 1
3
 P0  0.8
dPpump
 3  0.8 2  2.4  D
d
Note that resistive load is independent of speed (i.e. frequency).
4.1 b)
Following the tripping of the 5MW unit, only the 10MW unit is left connecting
to the loads. The transfer function model is:

ΔPL=0.1pu Δω
ΔPL(s) Δω(s)
- -

D=2.4

The 5MW generator was loaded to 1MW before it was disconnected. Therefore,
the 1MW additional load has to be supplied by the remaining unit i.e. 10MW
unit.
0.1
PL  pu
s
0.1 1
 ( s )   
s 4 s  2.4
0.1 0.1
 
s (2.4) 0.6  4 s  2.4 
0.04166 0.04166
 
s s  0.6
LT 1  (t )  0.04166  0.04166e 0.6t

Δω(t)

-0.04166(pu)

time
4.1 c)
Given that Pm1 ∝ ω
Pm1 = Pm0ω
when ω = 1pu, Pm1 =0.9pu
Pm0 = 0.9
dPm1 P
 Pm 0  0.9  m
d 
0.1
PL  , as before
s

ΔPL
ΔPm1 - Δω
ΔPL
+ -
- Δω
+
2.4

-2.4
0.9 +0.9

0.1 1 0.1 0.1


 ( s )     
s 4s  1.5 s (1.5)  1.5 
   4 s  1.5 
 4 
0.1
LT 1  (t ) 
1.5
1  e 0.376t 
4.2 a)

1  T 
  R 1  w s 
 ( s ) Ms  2 
 
PL ( s ) 1 1  Tw s   T 
1 RMs  1  w s   1  Tw s 
RMs  Tw   2 
1  s 
 2 
Characteristic Equation (C.E) is
Tw 2
RM s   RM  Tw  s  1  0
2
For stability, apply Routh Hurwitz criteria
Tw
RM 0  R0
2
Tw
RM  Tw  0  R 
M
Tw
Lowest R 
M
4.2 b)
For critical damping, b2-4ac = 0
(C.E) as2 + bs + c = 0
i.e. R 2 M 2  2 RMTw  Tw 2  2 RMTw

Solving R,

R
Tw
M

2 3 
Tw
But for stability, R
M

Hence, R 
Tw
M

2 3 
Substitute Tw  4, M  10

R = 1.49pu (for critical damping)


4.2 c)
 ( s )
Substitute Tw  4, M  10, R  1.49 into
PL ( s )

1.49 1  2 s 
We have,  ( s )   PL ( s )
29.8  s  0.183
2

0.1
When PL ( s) 
s
k0 k11 k12
 ( s)   
s  s  0.183  s  0.183
2

From LT table, standard pair


1s 0 1 2
  
s  s  1   s  1   s  1 
2 2
s

1s 1
where 0  
 s  1  12
2
s 0

1s  1  1 
1  
s s 1 1
d 1s
2 
ds s s 1

1.49  0.1
 k0   0.149
29.8  0.1832
1.49 1  2(0.183)   0.1
k11   0.0173
29.8  0.183
d 0.149  2 s  1  2s  
k12    s 0.183     0.149
ds 29.8  s2  s 0.183

LT 1  (t )  0.149   0.0173t  0.149  e 0.183t

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