Chapter 5 Problems
Q1.
Water is pumped at a rate of 25 m3/s from the reservoir and out through the pipe, which has a diameter
of 1.50 m. What power must be supplied to the water to effect this discharge? Given that pipe roughness
is 0.046 mm, kinematic viscosity is 1.31 x 10-6 m2/s, use ke = 0.03.
Answer:
Energy equation
𝑝1 𝑉12 𝑝2 𝑉22
𝑧1 + + + ℎ𝑃 = 𝑧2 + + + ∑ ℎ𝐿
𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔
1
2
Then
Power equation
Q2.
A swimming pool filled with water at 650F is being emptied by the gravity using a galvanized iron pipe of
¾ in diameter and 20 ft length. Determine the height of water in the pool if the flow rate is 12gal/min. Use
g = 32.2 ft/s2, 1ft3/s = 7.481gal/s. Note that at 650F kinematic viscosity = 1.05 x 10-5 ft2 / s. For galvanized
iron pipe Roughness = 0.0005 ft.
Answer:
3
Q3.
The 10 cm galvanized-steel pipe is 1000 m long and discharge water into atmosphere. The pipeline has an
open globe valve and 4 threaded elbows; h1 = 3 m and h2 = 15 m. What is the discharge, and what is the
pressure at A, the midpoint of the line? Given that the water temperature is 10°C and v = 1.31 x 10-6 m2/s.
Ke = 0.50, Kv = 10, and Kb = 0.90. 𝜀 = 0.15 mm. Use g = 9.81m/s2 and 𝛾 = 9810 𝑁/𝑚3.
Answer:
A steel pipe discharges into the atmosphere.
D = 10 cm, L = 1000m, z1 = 12m.
Energy equation
4
𝜀 0.15 𝑥 10−3
= = 0.0015
𝑑 0.10
From Moody diagram f = 0.025 , OK
Q4.
Water flows from the container shown in the next figure.
Determine the loss coefficient needed in the valve
(𝐾𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑒 = ? ), if the water is to rise up to 3 in above the outlet
pipe (point 3).
Given that: 𝐾𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 0.20, 𝐾𝑒𝑙𝑏𝑜𝑤 = 1.5
Pipe roughness (𝜀)= 0.0005 ft
Kinematic viscosity (v) = 1.2 x 10-5 ft2/s
g = 32.2 ft/s2 and 𝛾 = 62.4 lb/ft3
All dimensions in inches are shown in the figure.
Answer:
5
Determine the flowrate from Bernoulli equation, knowing that;
52
𝑃1 = 𝑃2 = 𝑃3 = 0 , 𝑉1 = 𝑉3 = 0 , and L = = 4.33 𝑓𝑡
12
27 + 18 2 2+3
𝑍1 = = 3.75 𝑓𝑡 , 𝑍2 = = 0.167𝑓𝑡 , 𝑍3 = = 0.417𝑓𝑡
12 12 12
Between points 2 & 3:
𝑃2 𝑉22 𝑃3 𝑉32
+ + 𝑍2 = + + 𝑍3 + ∑ ℎ𝐿
𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔
𝑉22
0+ + 0. 167 = 0 + 0 + 0.417 + 0
2𝑔
𝑉2 = √ 2 𝑥 32.2 𝑥 (0.417 − 0.167) = 4.01 ft/s
Between points 1 and 2:
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
+ + 𝑍1 = + + 𝑍2 + ∑ ℎ𝐿
𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔
𝑉22
0+ 0 + 3.75 = 0 + 0.167 +
𝑓𝐿
[1 + + 𝐾𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 + 2 𝐾𝑒𝑙𝑏𝑜𝑤 +
2𝑔 𝑑
𝐾𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑒 ]
To find f;
0.50
𝑉𝑑 4.01 𝑥
𝑅𝑒 = = 12 = 13923.61 = 1.4 𝑥 104
𝑣 1.2 𝑥 10−5
𝜀 0.0005
= = 0.012
𝑑 0.50⁄12
0.25
𝑓=
𝜀 5.74
[𝐿𝑜𝑔10 ( + 0.90 )]2
3.7 𝑑 𝑅𝑒
6
= = 0.0447
0.25 0.25
𝑓=
0.0005 5.74 5.594
[𝐿𝑜𝑔10 ( 0.5 + 2
0.90 )]
3.7( ) 1.4𝑥 104
12
thus , 𝑓 = 0.045
Hence,
(18+32+2)
(4.01)2 0.045( )
3.75 = 0.167 + [1+ 12
+ 0.2 + 2 (1.5) + 𝐾𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑒 ]
2 𝑥 32.2 0.50/12
3.583 = 0.25(8.88+Kvalve), Kvalve = 14.33 – 8.88
𝐾𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑒 = 5.45
Q5.
Water (T = 20ºC) flows from a tank through a 50 cm diameter steel pipe, as shown in the figure below.
Determine the discharge of water. Given that the Kinematic viscosity of water = 1 x 10-6 m2 / s, steel pipe
roughness = 0.046 mm, g = 9.81m/s2.
Answer:
Energy equation (reservoir surface to outlet):
𝑃1 𝑉12 𝑃2 𝑉22
+ + 𝑍1 = + + 𝑍2 + ℎ𝐿
𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔
𝑉22 𝐿 𝑉22
0 + 0 + 60 = 0 + + 40 + 𝑓
2𝑔 𝑑 2𝑔
2 𝑔 𝑥 20
Thus 𝑉2 = 𝑉 = (1+200 𝑓)1/2
1) Assume f = 0.02
Thus V = 8.86 m/s and 𝑅𝑒 = 4.43 x 106,
7
∈ 0.046
Plus = = 9.2 x 10−5 = 0.000092
𝑑 500
From Moody diagram we find f = 0.012
Use f = 0.012 to calculate V = 10.7 m/s
2) Use V = 10.7 m/s to calculate Re = 5.35 x 106
On the Moody diagram f = 0.012 unchanged
Flow rate:
𝜋 0.52
Q=AV= m2 x 10.7 m /s = 2.10 m3 /s
4
Q6.
Water is delivered from a pressure tank through a 1000-m long cast iron pipe of diameter of 0.5-m at a
discharge rate of 0.4-cms (see Figure below). If the line has a flush inlet with the tank and goes through
two 90o bends each of a radius 0.5 m, and then exits into the atmosphere through a fully open gate valve,
what will be the total head lost in the pipe? What is the pressure in the tank (N/m2) for this situation?
Assume the water temperature is 20oC.
Solution:
L = 1000 m, d = 0.5 m, CI, ε = 0.00026 m,
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