TE STEM ACADEMY
ENGINEERING DESIGN
UNIT 9-LESSON I
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Engineering Design
In this lesson you will learn that an engineer is, in
essence, a problem solver who uses the engineering
design process to solve problems.
The task of an engineer is more than simply designing
a product that works. He or she must consider many
other factors, such as safety, environmental concerns,
ethical considerations, and risks and benefits.
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Engineering Design
Design involves a set of steps, which can be performed in different
sequences and repeated as needed. Each design problem is
unique and may require different procedures or demand that the
steps be performed in a different sequence.
Think differently
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Engineering Design
Engineers and designers also
have their preferences and
problem-solving styles and may
choose to approach the design
process in different ways.
An engineer and designers idea for
a stylish white arm chair
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Engineering Design
In the design process, it is vital
that people with different interests
and expertise work together when
devising solutions to a problem.
These diverse individuals bring
various perspectives to the solution
of a problem. Diverse group of young business people
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Engineering Design
There are many factors that influence an engineering
design, including how safe the design solution will be.
Reliability is another concern in the engineering design
process as is quality control.
weak link in a chain viewed through a
magnifying glass
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Engineering Design
Environmental concerns, as
well as how well the
solution can be produced
or manufactured, must be
taken into account when
engineers design solutions skull and crossbones
depicting global destruction
to technological problems.
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Engineering Design
After designed products and systems
have been created, it is important to
maintain and repair them.
This becomes a consideration which
must be incorporated into the
engineering design.
auto technician working
under car
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Engineering Design
Finally, human factors
engineering, sometimes
referred to as ergonomics,
is another significant
concept that is applied to ergonomically designed joystick
many designs.
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Engineering Design
Human factors engineering is concerned
with how a design can be used to
modify tools, machines, and the
environment to better fit human needs.
For example, ergonomically designed
chairs are easier to sit in and provide ergonomically designed office chair
positive support to the human body.
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Engineering Design
Established enginering design principles are used
to evaluate existing designs, to collect data, and
to guide the design process. The design principles
include flexibility, balance, function, and
proportion. These principles can be applied in
many types of design and are common to all
technologies.
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Engineering Design
Engineering design is influenced by personal
characteristics, such as creativity, resourcefulness,
and the ability to visualize and think abstractly.
Individuals and groups of people who possess
combinations of these characteristics tend to be
good at generating alternative solutions to
problems.
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Engineering Design
Engineering design is influenced by the design
process often involves a group effort among
individuals with varied experiences, backgrounds,
and interests.
Such collaboration tends to enhance creativity,
expand the range of possibilities, and increase the
level of expertise directed toward design problems.
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Engineering Design Summary
• Design involves a set of steps, which can be performed
in different sequences and repeated as needed
• Engineers and designers approach the
design process in different ways
• In the design process, it is vital that people
with different interests and expertise work
together when devising solutions to a problem
• Safety, reliability, environmental, and
quality control is a concern in the design process
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Engineering Design Summary
• Ergonomics is another significant concept
that is applied to many designs
• Established design principles are used to evaluate existing
designs, to collect data, and to guide the design process
• The design principles include flexibility, balance, function,
and proportion, which can be applied in many types of
design and are common to all technologies
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Engineering Design Summary
• Engineering design is influenced by personal
characteristics, such as creativity, resourcefulness, and
the ability to visualize and think abstractly
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ENGINEERING MODELS
AND PROTOTYPES
UNIT 9-LESSON II
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
This presentation introduces you to making
models and prototypes of a product or system.
Prototypes and modeling ensure quality,
efficiency, and productivity of the final product.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
A prototype is a working model that is
conceived early in the design process.
A model is a full-size or small-scale simulation
of an object. Architects, engineers, and most
designers use models and prototypes.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Prototype car engine part - 3D Model of Sci-Fi city with futuristic skyscrapers
close up image of an
internal combustion engine.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Models are one more step in
communicating an idea. It is
far easier to understand an
idea when seen in
three-dimensional form. A
scale model is used when
designing objects that are scale model of a county home
very large.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
A prototype is the first working version
of the designer's solution. It is generally
full-size and often handmade.
For a simple object such as a pencil
holder, the designer probably would
not make a model. He or she may
Prototype Pencil Holder
go directly to a prototype.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
During the development process, models and
prototypes may be required to evaluate design,
engineering, and manufacturing concepts. These
developmental aids range from the very simple
concept models to extremely complex working
prototypes, and may be accomplished with or without
associated tooling, depending on the application.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
This is a prototype of an elegant Prototype concept car by Toyota
modern tower. Illumination is made
so that the breadboard model
projects a shadow on a wall.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
In the early stages of a product
development process, conceptual
designs are considered before the
model is made.
Typically styling models are made
with clay, wood, plastic, or rapid These are models of apartment and office
buildings represented how they would look
prototyping to ‘represent’ a on an island
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Building of these models enables
designers and customer to see
materialized shape and style of the
future product for the first time.
The review of the models with the
customer concludes one of the most
Conceptual image of the
important phases during the product building blueprint
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Since prototypes are used to verify design for
research and development and simulation of the
actual manufacturing process, they are the best
single source of information for designers and
engineers.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Honda Prototype
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Prototype use for presentation purposes and for
communication with less technical people makes
them the pivot point of the product development.
In order to accelerate product development cycle
and provide marketing people with an unsurpassed
tool, building of the prototypes is as early and
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
small, futuristic and elegant car prototype
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Prototypes provide a means for testing and
evaluating the design by making observations
and necessary adjustments to the product or
system. Computer prototypes allow design
solutions to be tested in virtual settings.
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Apartment house 3D model
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Prototyping helps to determine the
effectiveness of a design by allowing
a design to be tested before it is built.
Prototypes are vital to the testing and
refinement of a product or system with
complicated operations (e.g.,
automobiles, household appliances, and Prototype car
computer programs).
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Engineering Models and Prototypes
Making prototype models usually requires the
efforts of highly skilled technicians and, as a
result, their costs can be high. This is particularly
so when the modeling involves hardware as well
as software.
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Engineering Models & Prototypes
Summary
• The prototype is a full-scale working model used to
test a design concept by making actual observations
and necessary adjustments
• Models are one more step in communicating an idea
• During the development process, models and
prototypes may be required to evaluate design,
engineering, and manufacturing concepts
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TE STEM ACADEMY
Engineering Models & Prototypes
Summary
• Typically models are made with clay, wood, plastic,
or rapid prototyping to ‘represent’ a concept
• Models enables designers and their customers to see
materialized shape and style of the future product
for the first time
• Prototypes are the best single source of information
for designers and engineers
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TE STEM ACADEMY
Engineering Models & Prototypes
Summary
• Prototypes provide a means for testing and
evaluating the design by making observations and
necessary adjustments to the product or system
• Making prototype models usually requires the efforts
of highly skilled technicians and, as a result, their costs
can be high
[Link] A Non-Profit K-16 Education Program