COGNITIVE RADIO: Fiction to Reality
ABSTRACT
Cognitive radio is a paradigm for wireless communication in which either a network or a
wireless node changes its transmission or reception parameters to communicate efficiently
avoiding interference with licensed or unlicensed users. This alteration of parameters is based
on the active monitoring of several factors in the external and internal radio environment,
such as radio frequency spectrum, user behaviour and network state. CR (Cognitive radio) is
an emerging technology in Wireless access, aimed at vastly improving the way radio
spectrum is utilized. The research challenges in this area include devising methods for
efficient spectrum pooling, interference management and dynamic resource allocation to
achieve spectral efficiency without causing harmful degradation to the primary system. In
this paper, architecture and the spectrum management framework of CR are described. The
spectrum sensing and the spectrum decision framework for theCR networks are discussed.