APPENDICES

APPENDIX A OVERVIEW OF
TAB INSTRUMENTATION,
TABLE 4-1
TABLE 4-1, NEBB MINIMUM INSTRUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS in Section 4, Standards for
Instrumentation and Calibration, explicitly states the instrumentation requirements of NEBB. This
edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental
Systems has modified the previous requirements in several ways. The most important change is that
instrumentation with multiple capabilities is now acceptable for more than one required function,
providing that each individual function meets NEBB Standards. Some instruments with multiple
capabilities might only meet NEBB requirements for one or more, but not all, of its test capabilities.
The intent of this change is to acknowledge that modern digital instrumentation is sophisticated
enough to provide accurate, reliable data for more than one functional category.

Accuracy tolerances for the instrumentation have been adjusted, generally to tighter tolerances as a
result of the advent of digital technologies. For example, the accuracy of the temperature
measurements has been changed from “Within ½ Scale Division” to "1% of the reading". Likewise,
the accuracy of electrical instrumentation has been changed from "3% of full scale" to "2% of the
reading". Also, the accuracy of the hydronic differential pressure measurement has been relaxed to
"2% of the reading" to accommodate the realities of the most commonly used instrumentation.

The concept of Resolution has been introduced to the table in an effort to further specify the expected
quality of the instrumentation.

Calibration intervals have been adjusted in this NEBB TAB Standard to every 12 months. It is
important to understand that it is the responsibility of the NEBB Certified TAB Firm to comply with the
instrumentation calibration requirements of NEBB. This can be accomplished by compliance with
either of the two specified methods discussed in Section 4.

The first column of Table 4-1 contains the letters "A" and "H". These designations only apply to the
few remaining NEBB Certified TAB Firms that are certified in only one discipline, air or hydronic (A =
Air and H = Hydronic). These firms are only required to possess the instrumentation designated with
an "A", or an "H" to maintain their certification.

Previous editions of the NEBB TAB Standards identified air temperature measurements, immersion
temperature measurements, and contact temperature measurements, as separate functions. This
edition of the NEBB Standard recognizes all temperature measurements as one function. As an

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NEBB TAB PROCEDURAL STANDARDS APPENDIX

example, several electronic thermometers are supplied with a variety of temperature probes, which
allow the instrument to sense temperatures appropriately.

It is not the intent of this standard to prevent NEBB Certified TAB Firms from using several
instruments to meet the requirements of a function.

For example, the definition of the temperature function does not mean that NEBB Certified TAB Firms
must possess only one instrument to achieve all three parameters (air, immersion, contact). It is still
acceptable to use more than one instrument to achieve the specified requirements. This distinction is
true for all functional categories. NEBB requires that NEBB Certified TAB Firms possess the
necessary instrumentation to collect the data at the specified accuracy, resolution, and range. If a
NEBB Certified TAB Firm chooses to use more than one instrument to satisfy a function and / or a
range, that choice is acceptable.

Table 4-1 lists requirements for digital flow hoods and analog flow hoods. NEBB Certified TAB Firms
are not required to own both types. The listing is necessary to adequately describe the accuracy and
resolution requirements for each type of flow measuring hood.

The requirement for a DC volt-meter has been deleted.

The number of required hydronic pressure ranges has been reduced to three.

The change in required minimum ranges for hydronic differential pressure measurement was
necessary to ensure that NEBB Certified TAB Firms have the necessary instrumentation to perform
measurements on modern hydronic equipment.

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APPENDIX B SAMPLE PRE-TAB

CHECKLIST
This is a sample checklist to be provided by the TAB Firm to the installing contractor for the
contractor’s use in verifying system readiness prior to balancing.
(This recommended PRE-TAB checklist is available from [Link])

Project:

Ready Ready
[Link] Units & Built-Up Date Date
Units Yes No Yes No

a) GENERAL d) COILS (ELECTRIC)

Louvers installed Sizes and construction
Manual dampers adjusted and
locked Airflow direction
Automatic dampers operating Duct connections
Housing construction complete Safety switches
Access doors closed Contactors and disconnect switches
Condensate drain piping and pan Electrical service and connections
Free from dirt and debris Obstruction and / or debris

b) FILTERS e) FANS
Type and size Rotation
Number Wheel clearance and balance
Clean Bearing and motor lubrication
Frame - Leakage Drive alignment
Temporary Belt tension
Drive set screws tight
c) COILS (HYDRONIC) Belt guard in place
Size and rows Flexible duct connector alignment
Fin spacing and condition Starters and disconnect switches
Obstruction and / or debris Electrical service and connections
Airflow and direction
Piping leakage f) VIBRATION ISOLATION
Correct piping connections and flow Springs and compression
Valves open or set Base level and free
Air vents or steam traps
Provisions made for TAB
measurements

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Project:

Ready Ready
Date Date
2. Duct Systems Yes No Yes No
b) PIPING
a) GENERAL Correct flow and connections
Manual dampers adjusted and locked Leakage
Access doors closed and tight Valves open or set
Fire dampers open and accessible Strainer clean
Terminal units open or set Air vented
Registers and diffusers open and set Flexible connectors
Turning vanes in square elbows Cavitation possibilities
Provisions made for TAB
measurements c) BASES
Ductwork sealed as required Vibration isolation
b) ARCHITECTURAL Grouting
Windows installed and closed Leveling
Doors closed as required 4. Hydronic Equipment
Ceiling plenums installed and sealed a) BOILERS
Access doors closed and tight Operating controls and devices
Air shafts and openings as required Safety controls and devices
Lubrication of fans and pumps
3. Pumps Draft controls and devices
a) MOTORS Piping connections and flow
Rotation Valves open or set
Lubrication Water make-up provisions
Alignment Blow-down provisions
Set screws tight Electrical connections
Guards in place b) HEAT EXCHANGERS
Starters and disconnect switches Correct flow and connections
Electrical service and connections Valves open or set
Air vents or steam traps
Leakage
Provisions made for TAB
measurements

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Project:

Ready Ready
Date Date
Yes No Yes No

c) COOLING TOWERS AND

EVAPORATIVE CONDENSERS 6. Hydronic Piping Systems
Correct flow and connections Leak tested and flushed
Valves open or set Fluid levels and make-up
Leakage Relief or safety valve settings
Provisions made for TAB
measurements Compression tanks / air vented
Sump water level Steam traps and connections
Spray nozzles Strainers clean
Fan / pump rotation Valves open or set
Motor / fan lubrication Provisions made for TAB measurements
Drives and alignment
Guards in place 7. Control Systems
Starters and disconnect switches Data centers operating
Electrical connections Outdoor / return dampers set
Economizer controls set
5. Refrigeration Equipment Static pressure control set
Crankcase heaters energized Space controls operating
Operating and safety controls and
devices Complete system operating
Valves open or set
Piping connections and flow 8. Other Checks
a) Other trade or personnel notified of
Flexible connectors TAB work requirements
Oil level and lubrication b) Preliminary data complete
Guards in place c) Test report forms prepared
Vibration isolation
Starters, contactors and disconnect
switches
Electrical connections

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NEBB TAB PROCEDURAL STANDARDS APPENDIX

APPENDIX C SAMPLE TAB

SPECIFICATION
(This recommended TAB specification is available from [Link])

NEBB recommends that these TAB Specifications be referenced as related documents in other
appropriate sections of the project specifications as defined in Section 1.6

SECTION 15950 - TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions
and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

This Section includes testing, adjusting and balancing (TAB) to produce design flows for the following:

1. Air Systems:
a. Constant-volume air systems.
b. Dual-duct systems.
c. Variable-air-volume systems.
d. Multizone systems.
e. Induction-unit systems.

2. Hydronic Systems
a. Constant-flow systems
b. Variable-flow systems
c. Primary-secondary systems
3. Kitchen hood systems
4. Fume hoods and Bio-Safety cabinet systems
5. Exhaust hood systems
6. Space pressurization
7. Shaft pressurization systems
8. Existing HVAC systems

1.2 DEFINITIONS

Accuracy: The accuracy of an instrument is the capability of that instrument to indicate the true value
of a measured quantity.

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Adjusting: Adjusting is the varying of system flows by partially closing balancing devices, such as
dampers and valves, and varying fan speeds to achieve optimum system operating conditions within
design and installation limitations.
.
AHJ: The local governing Authority Having Jurisdiction over the installation.

Balancing: Balancing is the methodical proportioning of air and hydronic flows through the system
mains, branches, and terminal devices using acceptable procedures to achieve the specified airflow
or hydronic flow within testing and design limitations.

Calibrate: The act of comparing an instrument of unknown accuracy with a standard of known
accuracy to detect, correlate, report, or eliminate by adjustment any variation in the accuracy of the
tested instrument.

Conformed Contract Documents: Current and complete documents.

Deficiency: Deficiency is considered any circumstance that adversely affects the specified balance
of a device or system.

Environmental Systems: Environmental Systems are systems that primarily use a combination of
mechanical equipment, airflow, water flow and electrical energy to provide heating, ventilating, air
conditioning, humidification, and dehumidification for the purpose of human comfort or process control
of temperature and humidity.

May: The word may is used to indicate a course of action that is permissible as determined by the
NEBB Firm.

NEBB Certified TAB Firm: A NEBB Certified TAB Firm is a firm that has met and maintains all the
requirements of the National Environmental Balancing Bureau for firm certification in Testing,
Adjusting, and Balancing and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB Certified TAB Firm shall employ
at least one NEBB Qualified TAB Supervisor in a full time management position.

NEBB Certified TAB Report: The data presented in a NEBB Certified TAB Report accurately
represents system measurements obtained in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB
Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems. A NEBB
Certified TAB Report does not necessarily guarantee that systems included are balanced to design
flows. Any variances from design quantities, which exceed NEBB tolerances or contract document
tolerances, are noted in the test-adjust-balance report project summary.

NEBB Qualified TAB Supervisor: A NEBB Qualified TAB Supervisor is a full time employee of the
firm in a management position who has successfully passed the supervisor level written and practical
qualification examinations and maintains the Supervisor re-qualification requirements of NEBB.

NEBB Qualified TAB Technician: A NEBB Qualified TAB Technician is a full time employee of the
firm who has met the technician level experience requirements of NEBB and has successfully passed
the technician level written and practical qualification examinations. A NEBB Qualified TAB
Technician shall be supervised by a NEBB Qualified TAB Supervisor. (Supervision is not intended to
infer constant oversight. A NEBB Qualified TAB Technician is capable of performing assigned tasks
with periodic supervision.)

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Precision: Precision is the ability of an instrument to produce repeatable readings of the same
quantity under the same conditions. The precision of an instrument refers to its ability to produce a
tightly grouped set of values around the mean value of the measured quantity.

Procedure: A Procedure is defined as a specific set of tasks to be accomplished to achieve the

defined result.

Range: Range is the upper and lower limits of an instrument’s ability to measure the value of a
quantity for which the instrument is calibrated.
Resolution: Resolution is the smallest change in a measured variable that an instrument can detect.

Shaft Pressurization System: A type of smoke-control system that is intended to positively

pressurize stair and / or elevator shafts with outdoor air by using fans to keep smoke from
contaminating the shafts during an alarm condition.

Shall: The word shall is used to indicate mandatory requirements strictly to be followed in order to
conform to the standard and procedures and from which no deviation is permitted. Note: In the event
unique circumstances prevent a required action from being fulfilled, a notation shall be included in the
TAB report explaining the exception. For example, such notation could be one of the following: Not
Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation “N/A” is not allowed.
Should: The word should is used to indicate that a certain course of action is preferred but not
necessarily required.

Smoke-Control System: An engineered system that uses fans to produce airflow and pressure
differences across barriers to limit smoke movement.

Smoke-Control Zone: A space within a building that is enclosed by smoke barriers and is a part of a
zoned smoke-control system.

Stair Pressurization System: A type of smoke-control system that is intended to positively

pressurize stair towers with outdoor air by using fans to keep smoke from contaminating the stair
towers during an alarm condition.

System Effect: A phenomenon that can create undesired or unpredicted conditions that cause
reduced capacities in all or part of a system.

TAB Technician: A TAB Technician is an employee of a NEBB Certified TAB firm who assists a
NEBB Qualified TAB Supervisor and / or a NEBB Qualified TAB Technician by performing TAB work
in the field. (Supervision is not intended to infer constant oversight. A TAB Technician may be
capable of performing assigned tasks without direct, full time supervision.)

Terminal: A point where the controlled medium, such as fluid or energy, enters or leaves the
distribution system

Testing: Testing is the use of specialized and calibrated instruments to measure temperatures,
pressures, rotational speeds, electrical characteristics, velocities, and air and hydronic quantities for
an evaluation of flow conditions.

Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB): TAB is a systematic process or service applied to
heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and other environmental systems to achieve

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and document air and hydronic flow rates. The standards and procedures for providing these
services are referred to as “Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing” and are described in this document.

1.3 TAB FIRM QUALIFICATIONS

The TAB Firm shall be NEBB Certified in Testing, Adjusting and Balancing of Air and Hydronic
Systems.

1.4 TAB FIRM SUBMITTALS

1.4.1 Qualification Data: When requested, submit 2 copies of evidence that TAB firm and this
Project's TAB team members meet the qualifications specified in Sub-section 1.3 TAB Firm
Qualifications.

1.4.2 TAB Agenda: When requested, submit 2 copies of the TAB Agenda. Include a complete
set of report forms intended for use on this Project.

1.4.3 Certified TAB Reports: Submit a final TAB report in accordance with the current edition
of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental
Systems.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

1.5.1 The NEBB Certified TAB Firm shall submit 2 copies of the firm's NEBB TAB
Certification.

1.5.2 When requested, the NEBB Certified TAB Firm shall furnish the NEBB Certificate of
Conformance Certification.

1.5.3 TAB Report Forms: Prepare report forms in accordance with the requirements from the
current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of
Environmental Systems.

1.5.4 Instrumentation Calibration: Calibration of instruments shall be in accordance with the

current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of
Environmental Systems.

1.6 CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITY TO TAB AGENCY

1.6.1 Provide the NEBB Certified TAB Firm with a conformed set of contract documents
(drawings, specifications, and approved submittals), including all current approved change
orders / contract modifications.

1.6.2 Develop a project schedule with the input of the NEBB Certified TAB Firm that
coordinates the work of other disciplines and provides adequate time in the construction
process to allow successful completion of the TAB work.

1.6.3 Notify the NEBB Certified TAB Firm of schedule changes.

1.6.4 Ensure that the building enclosure is complete, including but not limited to, all structural
components, windows and doors installed, door hardware complete, ceilings complete, stair,
elevator and mechanical shafts complete, roof systems complete, all plenums sealed, etc.

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1.6.5 Ensure that all necessary mechanical work is complete. This includes, but is not limited
to, duct leakage testing and hydrostatic testing. The piping systems should be flushed, filled,
vented, and chemically treated. The duct systems and equipment have been cleaned. For
additional requirements see the NEBB Pre-TAB checklist in Appendix B.

1.6.6 Complete the installation of permanent electrical power systems serving the HVAC
equipment and systems. Such systems shall be properly installed in accordance with all
applicable codes to ensure the safety of all construction personnel.

1.6.7 Complete the installation of all HVAC equipment and systems to ensure safe operation.

1.6.8 Perform the start up of all HVAC equipment and systems in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations.

1.6.9 Complete installation, programming (including design parameters and graphics),

calibration, and startup of all building control systems.

1.6.10 Verify that the building control system provider has commissioned and documented
their work before the TAB work begins.

1.6.11 Require that the building control system firm provide access to hardware and software,
or onsite technical support required to assist the TAB effort. The hardware and software or the
onsite technical support shall be provided at no cost to the NEBB Certified TAB Firm.

1.6.12 Furnish and install all drive changes as required.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)

PART 3 – EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Examine the Contract Documents to become familiar with Project requirements and to discover
conditions in systems' designs that may preclude proper TAB of systems and equipment. Contract
Documents are defined in the General and Supplementary Conditions of Contract.

3.1.1 Verify that balancing devices, such as test ports, gauge cocks, flow-control devices,
balancing valves and fittings, and manual volume dampers, are required by the Contract
Documents. Verify that quantities and locations of these balancing devices are accessible and
appropriate for effective balancing and for efficient system and equipment operation.

3.1.2 Examine approved submittal data of HVAC systems and equipment.

3.1.3 Examine HVAC system and equipment installations to verify that indicated balancing
devices, such as test ports, gauge cocks, flow-control devices, balancing valves and fittings,
and manual volume dampers, are installed, and that their locations are accessible and
appropriate for effective balancing and for efficient system and equipment operation.

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3.1.4 Examine systems for functional deficiencies that cannot be corrected by adjusting and
balancing.

3.1.5 Report deficiencies discovered before and during performance of TAB procedures.
Record default set points if different from indicated values.

3.2 GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR TESTING AND BALANCING

3.2.1 Perform testing and balancing procedures on each system according to the procedures
contained in the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and
Balancing of Environmental Systems and this section.

3.2.2 Mark equipment and balancing device settings (including damper-control positions,
valve position indicators, fan-speed-control levers, and similar controls and devices) with paint
or other suitable permanent identification material to show final settings.

3.3 PROCEDURES FOR TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING EXISTING SYSTEMS

Perform TAB of existing systems to the extent indicated by the contract documents and the current
edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting and Balancing of Environmental
Systems.

3.4 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The systems will be considered balanced in accordance with NEBB Procedural Standards for Testing,
Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems when the following conditions are satisfied:

3.4.1 All measured airflow and hydronic flow quantities are within ± 10 percent of the design
quantities unless there are reasons beyond the control of the NEBB Certified TAB Firm.
Deficiencies shall be noted in the TAB report.

3.4.2 There is at least one direct path with fully open dampers from the fan to an air inlet or
outlet. Additionally, if a system contains branch dampers, there will be at least one wide-open
path downstream of every adjusted branch damper.

3.4.3 There is at least one direct path with fully open balancing valves from the pump
discharge balancing valve (if present) to a terminal device. Additionally, if a system contains
branch balancing valves, there will be at least one wide open path downstream of every
adjusted branch balancing valve.

3.5 REPORTING
Provide appropriate deficiency information to the construction team as TAB work progresses.
Deficiency information shall be sufficient to facilitate contractor’s dispatch of appropriate personnel to
resolve items noted prior to final TAB work.

3.6 FINAL REPORT

The final report shall be in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB
Procedural Standard for the Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental System.

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