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Anticholinergic & Neuroleptic Drug Overview

This document discusses anticholinergic and neuroleptic drugs. It describes how anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine and are known as antimuscarinic agents or cholinergic blockers. There are two types - nicotinic receptors present in the peripheral and central nervous system, and muscarinic receptors present in smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and sweat glands. The document also mentions that the term neuroleptics has replaced older terminology for psychotherapeutic agents, and names some early neuroleptics developed in the 1950s including chlorpromazine and promethazine. Common side effects of anticholinergic toxicity are also listed.

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Archie Cabachete
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6 views1 page

Anticholinergic & Neuroleptic Drug Overview

This document discusses anticholinergic and neuroleptic drugs. It describes how anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine and are known as antimuscarinic agents or cholinergic blockers. There are two types - nicotinic receptors present in the peripheral and central nervous system, and muscarinic receptors present in smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and sweat glands. The document also mentions that the term neuroleptics has replaced older terminology for psychotherapeutic agents, and names some early neuroleptics developed in the 1950s including chlorpromazine and promethazine. Common side effects of anticholinergic toxicity are also listed.

Uploaded by

Archie Cabachete
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 15 – Anticholinergic and

B. Tricyclic Antidepressants
Neuroleptic Drugs
• the term Neuroleptics has replaced older
terminology that belongs to the psychotherapeutic
• blocks Acetylcholine (ACh) agents.
• inactivated by enzyme Acetylcholinesterase
• also known as; Chlopromazine and Promethazone (Phenothiazine
a. Antimuscarinic agents derivatives) – where the first neuroleptics synthesized
b. Cholinergic blockers in the 1950s and are the prototype for all psychoactive
compounds
2 Types of Cholinergic Blockers
Toxicity Symptoms:
a. Nicotinic Receptors •CNS depression
•are present in plasma membranes of dendrites •seizures
& cell bodies of both SNS & PNS postganglionic •cardiac arrhythmias
neurons, at neuromascular junction, & in the •Extrapyramidal symptoms
spinal chord.

• activation of these receptors triggers


postsynaptic neuronal excitation and skeletal
muscle contraction.

b. Muscarinic Receptors
•are present in on cell membranes of smooth
and cardiac muscle and sweat glands.

•activation of this receptors delivers stimulation


or inhibition, depending on the effector organ.

A. Antihistamines. GI and Antiparkinson Drugs

Belladonna alkaloids – derived from Belladonna


(Deadly Nightshade)

Alkaloids related to Belladonna:

•Solanaceous alkaloids
•L-hyoscyamine
•Scopolamine
•Atropine

Common ADR:
•Dry mouth
•Mydriasis
•Dyspnea
•Headache
•Dysuria

Physostigmine – treatment for anticholinergic


Poisoning

Toxicology Notes

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