Conversation #1

Man: I like your family photos. Who is this?

Woman: That is my dad. He is a doctor.
Man: Wow. He is very tall.
Woman: Yes, he is
Man: Is this your mom?
Woman: Yes, she is a doctor too.
Man: Wow, smart family.

Conversation #2
Man: Who are these people?
Woman: That is my husband. In this picture, he is at work.
Man: Is he a fireman?
Woman: Yes, he is. And this is my daughter
Man: Wow, she is so cute.
Woman: Yes, she is cute!

Conversation #3
Man: Who are the people in this picture?
Woman: That is my older brother and younger sister.
Man: Oh, what do they do?
Woman: My sister is a pilot. My brother is a farmer.
Man: Wow. They have cool jobs.
Woman: Yes, they do!

Conversation #4
Man: And who are these people?
Woman: Those are my grandparents.
Man: Oh, do they live in town?
Woman: No, they live in the country. They have a farm.
Man: How nice!
Woman: Yeah, I go there often.
Be Verbs (am, is, are) Simple Present

Point 1: The Be verb has three forms in the present tense - am, is, are.

1. I am a teacher.
2. You are a student.
3. He is a nice man.
4. She is very smart.

Point 2: Use am and am not for the pronoun I.

1. I am American.
2. I am not tired.
3. I'm happy. (am = 'm)
4. I'm not sad. (am = 'm)

Point 3: Use are and are not for the pronoun you.

1. You are a student.

2. You are not a teacher.
3. You're a nice person. (are = 're)
4. You're not late. (are not = 're not)
5. You aren't late. (are not = aren't)

Point 4: Use is and is not for the pronoun she.

1. She is my friend.
2. She is not my sister.
3. She's very smart. (is = 's)
4. She's not here. (is not = 's not)
5. She isn't here. (is not = isn't)

Point 5: Use is and is not for the pronoun he.

1. He is my friend.
2. He is not my brother.
3. He's very smart. (is = 's)
4. He's not here. (is not = 's not)
5. He isn't here. (is not = isn't)

Point 6: Use is and is not for the pronoun it.

1. It is cold today.
2. It is not warm.
3. It's easy. (is = 's)
4. It's not hard (is not = 's not)
5. It isn't hard. (is not = isn't)

Point 7: Use are and are not for the pronoun they.

 1. They are my friends.
2. They are not from here.
3. They're nice people.(are = 're)
4. They're not my shoes. (are not = 're not)
5. They aren't my shoes. (are not = aren't)

Point 8: Use are and are not for the pronoun we.

1. We are here.
2. We are not late.
3. We're good friends. (are = 're)
4. We're not busy. (are not = 're not)
5. We aren't busy. (are not = aren't)
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) Who is a doctor? 

 a) The mom and dad

 b) Just the mom

2) Her husband is _____ . 

 a) cute
 b) a fireman

3) Who is a pilot? 

 a) The sister

 b) The brother

4) Where are the grandparents? 

 a) In town
 b) In the countryside
Conversation #1
Man: So what foods do you like?
Woman: I like ice cream, and pizza and apples.
Man: Oh, I like those foods too.
Woman: What foods do you like?
Man: I like fish, vegetables, and bananas.
Woman: Together!
Man: No, not together!

Conversation #2
Man: What drinks do you like?
Woman: I like tea, and I like juice.
Man: Hot tea or cold tea?
Woman: Both. What about you?
Man: I like coffee and hot chocolate.
Woman: Ooh, I like both too!

Conversation #3
Man: What desserts do you like?
Woman: I really like ice-cream.
Man: Ooh! What flavor do you like?
Woman: I like strawberry. I like vanilla too.
Man: Nice! I like cake and I like pie!
Woman: What kind of pie?
Man: I really like apple pie with ice cream!
Woman: Yum!

Conversation #4
Man: What snacks do you like?
Woman: I like to eat fruit.
Man: Oh yeah, what fruits do you like?
Woman: I like apples and oranges. And you?
Man: I like strawberries and watermelon!
Woman: Do you like to eat cookies?
Man: Of course! I love chocolate chip cookies!
Woman: Me too!
Likes

Point 1: You can ask about likes with the following pattern: What ( ---- ) do you
like?

1. What movies do you like?

2. What sports do you like?
3. What foods do you like?
4. What desserts do you like?

Point 2: You can express likes with the following pattern:

I like ( ---- )

1. I like action movies.

2. I like soccer.
3. I like pizza.
4. I like ice cream.

Point 3: For Yes / No Questions, we use the pattern below. Do you like ( ---- )?

1. Do you like pizza?

2. Do you like baseball?
3. Do you like video games?
4. Do you like coffee?

Point 4: You can answer a Yes / No Question in the following ways.

1. Yes, I do.
2. Of course. (= Yes, I do)
3. No, I don't.
4. Not really. (= No, I don't)
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) In conversation 1, what food does she like? 

 a) pizza
 b) pasta

2) In conversation 2, what does he like? 

 a) tea
 b) coffee

3) In conversation 3, what flavor does she like? 

 a) vanilla
 b) chocolate

4) In conversation 4, what snack does she like? 

 a) cookies
 b) potato chips
Conversation #1
Man: What do you do in the morning?
Woman: I wake up, I take a shower, I get dressed, and I eat breakfast.
Man: When do you get up?
Woman: I get up at 6.
Man: Wow, that’s early.
Woman: I know! I like mornings though!

Conversation #2
Man: What do you do during the day?
Woman: Well, I go to school. I teach students.
Man: Ooh! What do you teach?
Woman: I teach math. What do you do?
Man: I work at a bike shop!
Woman: Really, what do you do at the shop?
Man: I fix and sell bikes!
Woman: Sounds fun!

Conversation #3
Man: What do you do at lunch?
Woman: I eat with my friends. And you?
Man: I eat in the park.
Woman: That’s nice.
Man: Yeah, I like to read on my lunch break.
Woman: Ooh, what do you read?
Man: I read about history.
Woman: Interesting.

Conversation #4
Man: What do you do on the weekend?
Woman: I play sports at the park. How about you?
Man: I study at the library.
Woman: Oh, right! You love books.
Man: So, what sports do you play?
Woman: I play soccer with my friends.
Man: Sounds fun.
Woman: It is!
Basic Verbs

Here are some basic ways to use verbs.

Questions

What do you eat for breakfast?

Where do you eat lunch?
When do you eat dinner?
Who do you talk to?
How do you get to work?
Why do you study English?

Affirmative

I eat toast and fruit.

I work at home.
I live near the station.

Negative

I do not eat cereal.

I do not work in town.
I do not live by my work.

Negative Contraction

I don't eat cereal.
I don't work in town.
I don't live by my work.

Yes / No Questions

Do you eat at home?

Yes, I do. / Yes, I eat at home.

No, I don't. / No, I don't eat at home.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) In conversation 1, when does she get up? 

 a) 5
 b) 6

2) In conversation 2, what does she do at the bike shop? 

 a) Fix bikes

 b) Ride bikes

3) In conversation 3, what does she read? 

 a) History
 b) Stories

4) In conversation 4, what sport does he play? 

 a) football
 b) tennis
Conversation #1
Man: What color do you like?
Woman: I like the color blue
Man: Why do you like blue?
Woman: Because the sky is blue, the ocean is blue, and blue is a nice color.
Man: I agree. Plus you have blue eyes.
Woman: Haha, yes I do.

Conversation #2
Man: What colors do you like?
Woman: I like red because I like red apples and I like strawberries.
Man: Do you like red tomatoes?
Woman: Yes, I love red tomatoes. What about you?
Man: I like red tomatoes too. I also like watermelon, and watermelon is red too!
Woman: It is red.

Conversation #3
Man: Do eat healthy foods?
Woman: Yes, I eat lots of green vegetables like green beans and green lettuce.
Man: Oh, that's very healthy.
Woman: I also do not eat unhealthy white foods like white bread, white sugar and
white potatoes.
Man: Oh, what about white rice?
Woman: I eat brown rice, not white rice.
Man: Ooh! Healthy!

Conversation #4
Man: What is for lunch?
Woman: Yellow curry with black beans.
Man: Ooh! Sounds yummy! And what is for dessert?
Woman: Orange sherbet.
Man: Great. I'm hungry.
Woman: Me too.
Basic Subject-Verb Agreement with Be ( is / are )

Singular Nouns + Be - Subjects with singular nouns use the verb is.

My car is nice.
This shirt is blue.
The game is exciting.
The sky is blue.

Plural Nouns + Be - Subjects with plural nouns use the verb are.

My eyes are brown.
The apples are sweet.
The clouds are gray.
The bananas are delicious.

Non-Count Nouns+ Be - For nouns you cannot count, use the verb is.

The air is dirty.
The weather is bad.
The time is near.
My energy is low.

Plurals vs. Singular nouns - We usually use the plural noun when talking about
things in general.

Apples are red.

I love peaches.
Cars are expensive.
I like pink flowers.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What is blue? 

 a) Her eyes

 b) Her shirt

2) What food do they like? 

 a) red apples

 b) green apples

3) What food is unhealthy? 

 a) Brown bread

 b) White bread

4) What is for lunch? 

 a) Yellow curry

 b) Green curry
Man: Let’s talk about animals and adjectives.
Woman: Sound good!
Man: First, what animal is tall?
Woman: Giraffes are tall.
Man: Yes, they are tall. What other animals are tall?
Woman: Horses are tall.
Man: And fast. Horses are fast!
Woman: Yes they are.
Man: So what animals are slow?
Woman: Turtles are slow.
Man: Yes, they are very slow.
Woman: A sloth is slow too.
Man: Yes, I think so.
Woman: What animals are big?
Man: Elephants are big.
Woman: Hippos are big too.
Man: Yes, and they are also heavy.
Woman: Yes, hippos are very heavy.
Man: Now, what animals are long?
Woman: Hmm, aligators are long.
Man: Yes, and so are snakes.
Woman: Ew! Snakes. Yes, they are long.
Man: So shat animals are quick?
Woman: Well, a cat is very quick.
Man: Yes, and a mouse is quick too.
Woman: Right, mice are quick.
Man: So, what animals are cute?
Woman: Well, many animals are cute.
Man: For example?
Woman: Well, dogs are cute.
Man: Yes, and rabbits are cute too.
Woman: And penguins are cute.
Man: Yes, they are. You know, I think all animals are wonderful!
Woman: I agree! All animals are wonderful!
Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe things.

Point 1: Adjectives can go after a 'be' verbs.

I am tall.
She is nice.
My cat is cute.

Point 2: Adjectives can go before a noun.

I have a big house.
That is a nice bag.
He is a good teacher.

Point 3: You can put adjectives together.

Two adjectives

He is smart and funny.
She is kind and friendly.

Three adjectives

She is tall, strong, and fast.

The test was hard, long, and boring.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What animal is tall? 

 a) horse
 b) rabbit

2) What animals is long? 

 a) turtle
 b) aligator

3) What animal is slow? 

 a) sloth
 b) snake

4) That animal is cute? 

 a) mouse
 b) cat
Conversation 1
Man: What days do you work?
Woman: I work Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. I don't work Wednesday.
Man: Wow, that is a nice schedule.
Woman:: Yeah, but I sometimes work on Saturday. What about you?
Man: I work Monday to Friday.
Woman:: Nice, you have weekends off.
Man: Yes, I never work on Saturday or Sunday.

Conversation 2
Man: When is the party?
Woman:: The party is on Saturday.
Man: Ooh, I have a game on Saturday.
Woman:: Oh, that's too bad.
Man: I am only free on Sunday.
Woman:: Sorry! On Sunday I am busy.

Conversation 3
Man: What days do you have English class?
Woman:: I have class on Monday and Thursday.
Man: When do you have math class?
Woman:: I have maths class every day.
Man: Ooh, what about history class?
Woman:: I have history class on Wednesday.
Man: Wow, you have a busy schedule.
Woman:: I know!

Conversation 4
Woman:: When do you play soccer?
Man: I play on Tuesday and Friday nights.
Woman:: Nice. I only play on the weekends.
Man: Really, can I play with you?
Woman:: Yes, we play on Saturday and Sunday at the park at ten.
Man: Great! See you this weekend!
Woman:: See you then!
Days of the Week

Point 1: Spell names of the week with a capital letter.

Monday | on Monday
Tuesday | on Tuesday
Wednesday | on Wednesday
Thursday | on Thursday
Friday | on Friday
Saturday | on Saturday
Sunday | on Sunday

Point 2: In spoken English, speakers often do not say the preposition on.

I will see you Sunday.
I will see you on Sunday.

Parts of the Day

Point 3: We use different prepositions for some parts of the day, either in or at.
morning | in the morning
noon | at noon
afternoon | in the afternoon
evening | in the evening
night | at night
midnight | at midnight.

Point 4: When you combine a day of the week and a part of the day, you do need a
preposition, except with noon and midnight. The time of day goes after the day.
I will see you Monday night.
Let's meets Sunday afternoon.
I will see you Friday at noon.

Parts of the Week

Point 5: The weekend is Saturday and Sunday, and the Weekdays are Monday thru
Friday.
Weekend | on the weekend
Weekday | on a weekday
Weekdays | during the weekdays.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) Who works on Wednesday? 

 a) The man

 b) The woman

2) Who is free on Sunday? 

 a) The man

 b) The woman

3) When class does she have on Friday? 

 a) math
 b) English

4) When will they play soccer? 

 a) Tuesday
 b) Saturday
Conversation #1

Man : What languages do you speak?

Woman: I speak English and I study Spanish.
Man: That's cool. Do you have friends from Spain?
Woman: No, but I like Mexican TV shows.
Man: Me too. I love movies in Spanish.
Woman: Yeah. Spanish is so cool!

Conversation #2

Man: Do you like Japanese food?

Woman: Yes, I love Japanese food. I lived in Japan before.
Man: Oh, do you speak Japanese?
Woman: Some. I have Japanese friends. I practice with them.
Man: Do they speak English?
Woman: Yes, they speak English very well.

Conversation #3

Man: What foods do you like?

Woman: I like French food and Thai food.
Man: Me too. I also love Chinese food.
Woman: Do you like Korean food?
Man: Yes, and I also love K-Pop.
Woman: What is K-POP?
Man: K-POP is Korean pop music.

Conversation #4

Man: Do you like football?

Woman: Yes, I love football. I watch German football, Italian football, Spanish
football.
Man: Me too, I want to go to England to watch my team.
Woman: What is your team?
Man: Chelsea. They play in the English Premiere League.
Woman: Oh! My favorite team in AC Milan. They play in Italy.
Languages, Nationalies and Countries

Point 1: The names of countries, languages, and people from a country begin with a
capital letter.
I am from Germany.
He can speak French.
I love Thai fod.

Point 2: The adjective form of a country can be used to describe people, languages,
and items.
People speak Spanish in Spain.
She is Italian, but does not speak Italian.
We bought a Japanese car in Japan.

Nationalities
Point 3: There are some patterns in English for nationalities but there are many
exceptions. It is best to just remember them case-by-case.

Count Nationa Count Nationa

ry lity ry lity
Japan Japanes Thaila Thai
e nd
China Chinese Korea Korean
Swede Swedish Greec Greek
n e
Germa German Poland Polish
ny
Italy Italian Portug Portugu
al ese
Franc French Turkey Turkish
e
Spain Spanish Finlan Finish
d
Mexic Mexican Colom Colombi
o bia an
Canad Canadia Brazil Brazilian
a n
 
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What do they watch? 

 a) Spanish TV
 b) Mexican TV

2) What does she say about Japan? 

 a) She can speak Japanese.

 b) She can cook Japanese food.

3) What kind of music does he like? 

 a) French music

 b) Korean music

4) Who likes Italian football? 

 a) He does.
 b) She does.
Conversation #1

Man: Do you play sports?

Woman : Yes, I play volleyball and tennis. Do you play sports?
Man: No, I don't play sports, but I exercise a lot.
Woman : Oh, what do you do?
Man: I run, I swim, and I do yoga.
Woman : You do a lot!

Conversation #2

Man: Do you cook much?

Woman : No, but I cook breakfast every day.
Man: What do you make?
Woman : I make omelets or pancakes. Do you cook?
Man: Not breakfast. I eat breakfast at school.
Woman : Where do you eat?
Man: I buy a pastry at the bakery and eat it at school.

Conversation #3

Man: Do you have a pet?

Woman : Yes, I have a dog. And you?
Man: I have a dog and a cat.
Woman : Do they stay inside?
Man: Yes, but I take my dog for a walk every day.
Woman : Me too. I walk my dog in the park.

Conversation #4

Man: When do you get up?

Woman : I get up at six every day. And you?
Man: I get up at 7. I like to sleep in.
Woman : Lucky you! When do you go to bed?
Man: I go to bed at 11. And you?
Woman : I get in bed at 10, but then I read. I fall asleep by 12.
Man: Oh, that's late. I need my sleep!
Sentence Patterns

Point 1: A common sentence pattern in English is S.V.O which means subject, verb,
object.

1. He has a nice car.

2. My town has a big park.
3. She does not eat meat.
4. They play tennis once a week.

Point 2: WH questions usually follow this pattern:

WH + Auxiliary + S + O + ?

1. When do you study?

2. What do you do at your job?
3. Where did you buy that shirt?
4. Why do you study English?

Point 3: Yes / No questions use the same pattern without the WH word: Auxiliary + S
+O+?

1. Do you like sushi?

2. Does this machines need batteries?
3. Do you get much snow in your town?
4. Did Bob buy lunch?

Point 4: Yes / No questions often have short form answers.

 Do you play tennis?

 Yes, I do.
 And you?
 No, I do not.
 No, I don't
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) Who does yoga? 

 a) He does.
 b) She does.

2) Who cooks breakfast? 

 a) He does.
 b) She does.

3) Who has a dog? 

 a) Just the man.

 b) Both of them.

4) Who gets up first every day? 

 a) He does.
 b) She does.
Conversation #1

Man: What does your mom do?

Woman: She is a chef at a restaurant.
Man: Cool! That means she is a good cook.
Woman: Yes, she is a great cook.
Man: Where does she work?
Woman: She works at an Italian restaurant.

Conversation #2

Man: What is your dad like?

Woman: He is funny. He's very friendly.
Man: What does he look like?
Woman: He is tall, and big.
Man: How old is he?
Woman: He is 47.

Conversation #3

Man: Who are your friends?

Woman: Betty, Jason and Laura.
Man: Are they students?
Woman: Yes, they are. They all study business.
Man: Are they from around here?
Woman: No, they are all from different cities.

Conversation #4

Man: Are we there yet?

Woman: No, but we are close, I think.
Man: How close are we?
Woman: We are ten, maybe 20 minutes away.
Man: What? Twenty minutes! Are we lost?
Woman: No, we are not lost. Trust me!
Subject Pronouns

Point 1: Subject pronouns take the place of a person or person's name.

1. Sally is a farmer. She works outside.

2. Bob is a doctor. He works at a hospital.
3. Bob and Sally are married. They have one child.
4. They have a house. It is really big.
5. We like them. You will too!

Point 2: The first person subject pronoun (I, we) refers to the speaker. It can be
singular (S) or plural (P).

1. (S) I have a pool.
2. (S) I swim every day
3. (P) We love Italian food.
4. (P) We eat it often.

Point 3: The second person subject pronoun (you) refers to the listener. It can be
singular (S) or plural (P).

1. (S) You are nice.
2. (S) You should come.
3. (P) You (all) can sit down.
4. (P) You (guys) should come.

Point 4: The third person subject pronoun (he, she, it, they) refers a person, people,
thing or things.

1. I like Bob. He is nice.
2. I also like Sue. She is funny.
3. Bob and Sue are married. They have one child.
4. They have a house. It is really big and nice.
5. They have two cars. They rarely drive them.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What can her mom do? 

 a) Speak Italian

 b) Make delicious food

2) What does she say about her dad? 

 a) He is tall.
 b) He is hard-working.

3) Where are the students from? 

 a) The same place

 b) Different places

4) Are they lost? 

 a) Yes
 b) No
Conversation #1

Man: Did you call me?

Woman: Yes, I called you. Can you help me today?
Man: Sure, what can I do for you?
Woman: Can you take me to school?
Man: OK, I can pick you up at 10.
Woman: Great! See you then.

Conversation #2

Man: Who is your best friend?

Woman: My bestfriend is Sue.
Man: Do you talk to her every day?
Woman: Yes, I see her at school. I always meet her for lunch.
Man: Why do you like her?
Woman: She is nice and funny! She makes me laugh.

Conversation #3

Man: Who is your teacher?

Woman: My teacher is Mr. Wilson. I like him a lot.
Man: Why do you like him?
Woman: Well, he is nice and he always helps me with my homeowork.
Man: He sounds nice.
Woman: He is. We all love him.

Conversation #4

Man: Do you have my keys?

Woman: No. I put them on the table.
Man: Great. I see them. What about my wallet?
Woman: I think you set it on the counter.
Man: Really, I don't see it.
Woman: Well, I'll help you. One of us will find it.
Object Pronouns

Point 1: Subject pronouns take the place of a person or noun.

1. I love music. It makes me happy.

2. You are here. I did not see you.
3. Did you see Sue? I just saw her.
4. Where is Tony? Did you see him?
5. I like your jacket. Where did you buy it?
6. My students are funny. I like them so much.
7. These shoes are dirty. I need to clean them.
8. We will leave soon. Give us a call tomorrow.

Point 2: The first person object pronoun (me, us) refers to the speaker. It can be
singular (S) or plural (P).

1. (S) Tell me a story.

2. (S) My teacher makes me laugh.
3. (P) They help us a lot.
4. (P) Did you see us on TV?

Point 3: The second person object pronoun (you) refers to the listener. It can be
singular (S) or plural (P).

1. (S) I like you.
2. (S) I will call you later.
3. (P) I like you (guys).
4. (P) I will call you (all) later.

Point 4: The third person subject pronoun (him, her, it, them) refers a person,
people, thing or things.

1. I like Bob. I see him every day.

2. I also like Sue. I often see her at the gym.
3. Bob and Sue eat out often. I join them sometimes.
4. They have a horse. They let me ride it.
5. They have two cars. They never use them.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What will the man do? 

 a) Take her to school.

 b) Pick her up.

2) Where does she see Sue? 

 a) She sees her at school.

 b) She sees her at work.

3) Who likes Mr. Wilson? 

 a) No one likes him.

 b) Everyone likes him.

4) What did he do with his wallet? 

 a) He put it on the counter.

 b) He lost it.
Todd: Hey, Natalie, I like your outfit. It looks really cute.

Natalie: Oh, hey Todd. Thank you.

Todd: So, that shirt looks expensive. Did it cost a lot?

Natalie: Oh, this one? Yeah. It was about $50.

Todd: $50? That's a lot.

Natalie: I know. It's an American brand.

Todd: Ah. Do they have that shirt in different colors?

Natalie: Yes, so I actually have this top in six colors.

Todd: Really? What colors?

Natalie: I have it in purple, blue, red, gray, white, and black. Actually, I have two
black ones, so that's seven.

Todd: You have two shirts in black? Why?

Natalie: Well, black is such a good color to wear. It matches everything.

Todd: Yeah. So true, so true. What about your pants? Those pants are pretty cool
too.

Natalie: Oh, these? Yeah. These were much cheaper than the tops. I bought these
in San Francisco. They cost about $40.

Todd: Ooh. Those are cheap. That's a good price.

Natalie: It is, and I only have one pair of these.

Todd: And your shoes? Did you buy those shoes in San Francisco too?

Natalie: No, I didn't buy these in San Francisco. These, I bought online.

Todd: You bought them online?

Natalie: Yes. These sandals are really hard to find, so I had to buy them through
Amazon.
Todd: Oh, I like Amazon. I buy lots of things on Amazon. For example, I bought this
watch on Amazon.

Natalie: How much did it cost?

Todd: Well, this watch was really cheap. This watch only cost about $20.

Natalie: Whoa.

Todd: Yeah, but I have two watches, and I also bought a nice, gold watch on
Amazon. That watch was very expensive. It cost $200.

Natalie: Whoa, $200 on a watch? I think my watch only cost maybe $70, but I really
like this watch. It's an Apple Watch. I bought it in Malaysia. I've had it for about two
years now, but I think now that I have an Apple Watch, I'll always have Apple
Watches.

Todd: Yeah, that is a nice watch. I want an Apple Watch too.

Natalie: Yeah, they're so cool. I spend so much time on my phone, and the watch
works really well with my phone. I definitely recommend it.

Todd: Yeah, I like this cheap watch, because if it rains, or if I play sports, or if I am
traveling, I can take my cheap watch, because this watch is not important. I can
break it. I can lose it. I can do anything. But my gold watch, that watch is expensive,
so I keep it at home. I only wear it on nice occasions.

Natalie: Oh, well it's nice to have something a little more expensive, but my watch
can tell me what the weather's like, my watch can tell me how many calories I've
burned, and my watch can tell me what the time is anywhere in the world.

Todd: You know, I think I need to get a watch like that.

Natalie: This is the greatest watch.

Learn vocabulary from the lesson!
Demonstrative Pronouns

Point 1: Use this and that for singular nouns. This refers to objects closer to the

speaker.

1. I like this shirt. (close to speaker)

2. I don't like that shirt. (away from speaker)
3. Look at that car! (away from speaker)
4. This bike is nice! (close to speaker)

Point 2: Use these and those for plural nouns. This refers to objects closer to the
speaker.

1. These jeans are too tight!

2. Try those jeans.
3. Are these your books?
4. No, those books over there are my books.

Point 3: Speakers sometimes do not mention the noun if the object is clear.

1. Do you like this shirt?
2. Do you like this? (Holding shirt)
3. What are these items?
4. What are these?

Point 4: After using demonstratives, we often use pronouns (subject/object) to

reference them.

1. Do you like these?
2. Yes, I like them. They are cool.
3. What is this?
4. It's a coffee maker. I use it a lot.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) How many shirts does she have of the same top? 

 a) three
 b) five
 c) seven

2) What clothing items does she discuss? 

 a) shoes
 b) socks
 c) a jacket

3) How much were the pants? 

 a) 40 dollars
 b) 50 dollars
 c) 80 dollars

4) Where did she buy the pants? 

 a) London
 b) San Francisco
 c) Online
Natalie: Hey, Todd. Let's talk about countries.

Todd: All right. Let's do it.

Natalie: You live in Japan right now.

Todd: Yes. That's right. I live in Japan. I teach English in Japan.

Natalie: Oh, cool. Tell me, what's expensive in Japan?

Todd: Well, Japan is a very, very expensive country. Transportation is very

expensive in Japan. Train tickets are expensive. Also, sometimes, taxis are
expensive. Even buses are expensive.

Natalie: Wait. You don't have a car in Japan?

Todd: Actually, I do have a car. That's funny because in Japan, cars are very cheap.
Cars are cheap but taxis are expensive. It's crazy.

Natalie: That's so weird. In the U.K., where I'm from, taxis are really cheap, but to
have your own car, it's so expensive.

Todd: Wow. That's strange.

Natalie: I'm really interested in Japan. Tell me, what's beautiful in Japan?

Todd: Oh, Japan has lots of beautiful things. The temples are very, very beautiful.
The nature and the scenery are beautiful as well. There are beautiful forests,
beautiful lakes, beautiful beaches, and even beautiful buildings.

Natalie: Cool. What is difficult about living in Japan?

Todd: Well, Japanese is difficult. Reading Japanese is very difficult. Writing

Japanese is difficult because Kanji is difficult. Kanji is the Japanese character.

Natalie: How many characters are there in Kanji?

Todd: There are about 2,000 characters. It's difficult to learn all the characters, all
the Kanji. It's very hard.

Natalie: Wow. I bet that's really tough. Tell me, what's fun about living in Japan?

Todd: Well, there's many things that are fun about Japan. The people are fun.
They're very nice. Teaching English in Japan is fun. The students are very nice. Day-
to-day life in Japan is fun and exciting. I live in Japan, but you live in Thailand. What
about Thailand? What is expensive in Thailand?

Natalie: Well, Thailand is a really cheap place to live, but some restaurants are really
expensive. For example, if you go to a American restaurant, that's very expensive,
but if you go to street food carts, they're really cheap.

Todd: Yeah. The street food is very delicious.

Natalie: It's amazing.

Todd: Speaking of food, what Thai foods are really delicious?

Natalie: My favorites are Pad Ka Prao. This is pork. It's spicy with rice and chili. I
also like Tom Yum Goong. This is like a soup, but it's very spicy. It usually comes
with shrimp and mushrooms, ginger. I usually get some rice.

Todd: Yeah. I love Tom Yum Goong. It's really, really good. What is difficult about
living in Thailand?

Natalie: I think that transport is a very difficult part of living in Thailand. If you have a
car, the roads are very busy. It takes a long time to get anywhere in the city. I usually
use the subway or the skytrain system, but these get really busy in the morning.
When I'm taking the train to work, there's usually so many people on the train at the
same time. Sometimes, it actually makes me late for work.

Todd: Yeah. The trains in Japan are really busy too. What is fun about life in
Thailand?

Natalie: Good question. I really like the people here. Thai people are so friendly.
They're very fun. They always like to hang out.

Todd: Yeah. Thailand sounds like a nice place to live.

Natalie: Yeah. It's a great place to live, actually.

Adjectives and Adverbs of Intensity

Point 1: Use adjectives after a BE verb to describe things.

1. My dad is funny.
2. My sister is smart.
3. The movie was interesting.
4. The food is delicious.

Point 2: Use adjectives before nouns to describe things.

1. I have a big house.

2. He is a funny guy.
3. She is a good cook.
4. He is a lazy student.

Point 3:Use words like very, really, and so to add intensity.

1. The test is so hard.

2. She is very nice.
3. The lake is really beatiful.
4. The movie is really long!

Point 4: Use not before the adjective and after the BE verb for negative statements.

1. He is not nice.
2. His house is not very big.
3. She is not free today.
4. They are not happy with their jobs.
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What is expensive in Japan? 

 a) cars
 b) taxis
 c) food

2) What is cheap in the UK? 

 a) food
 b) taxis
 c) food

3) What is difficult in Japan? 

 a) eating
 b) meeting people
 c) reading characters

4) She says the roads are _____ in Thailand. 

 a) busy
 b) dangerous
 c) fun

5) The trains in Japan and Thailand are _____ . 

 a) busy
 b) cheap
 c) on time
Meg: Hey Todd, let's talk about months and American holidays.

Todd: All right, let's do it.

Meg: Great. What holiday is in January?

Todd: Well, on January 1st, we have New Year's Day.

Meg: Right.

Todd: That's very fun.

Meg: Of course.

Todd: I love New Year's Day.

Meg: Me too.

Todd: What about February?

Meg: In February, we have Valentine's Day on February 14th.

Todd: That's right, so romantic.

Meg: Yes.

Todd: I don't like Valentine's Day.

Meg: Why not?

Todd: I never have a girlfriend.

Meg: Oh, sorry. What about March? What holiday is in March?

Todd: March has St. Patrick's Day.

Meg: Right.

Todd: On March 17th?

Meg: Yes. Do you usually celebrate St. Patrick's Day?

Todd: I do. I love green. Green is my favorite color.

Meg: Me too.

Todd: Oh, nice.

Meg: What about April?

Todd: April has April fool's Day, but that's not a holiday.

Meg: Not really, but it's still fun to celebrate on April 1st.

Todd: Right. Oh, usually Easter is in April.

Meg: Usually yes, but the day changes every year.

Todd: Right. Sometimes it's March though.

Meg: True.

Todd: Right, okay.

Meg: What about in May? What holidays are in May?

Todd: In May, I think a lot of countries have a holiday on May 1st, but America
doesn't have a holiday on May 1st, but we do like to have fun celebrations for Cinco
de Mayo, May 5th.

Meg: Right. What do you usually do for Cinco de Mayo?

Todd: We usually eat Mexican food.

Meg: Same.

Todd: I hear that in Mexico they don't celebrate Cinco de Mayo.

Meg: Really?

Todd: Yeah, it's only in America.

Meg: That's funny.

Todd: Yeah, funny. I actually heard that St. Patrick's Day also is not popular in
Ireland.

Meg: Oh, that's surprising.

Todd: Yeah, I don't know. Maybe.

Meg: Maybe.

Todd: Okay, what about June?

Meg: In June, we have the first day of summer.

Todd: What day is that?

Meg: I think it's on June 21st.

Todd: I think so.

Meg: The longest day of the year.

Todd: I love that day.

Meg: Me too.

Todd: It's the best.

Meg: Yeah.

Todd: In July?

Meg: In July, in America of course, we have July 4th, Independence Day.

Todd: Yeah. What do you do on July 4th, Independence Day?

Meg: Usually, I would have a barbecue with friends and family and watch fireworks.

Todd: Yeah, me too. The same.

Meg: It's fun.

Todd: What about August? Is there a holiday in August?

Meg: I can't think of a holiday in August, but my brother's birthday is August 15th.

Todd: That's great.

Meg: Yeah, my younger brother.

Todd: Oh wow.

Meg: Do you know of any holidays in August?

Todd: I don't, but usually school is out in August, so for the whole month there's no
school.

Meg: Yeah, vacation time. What about September?

Todd: Well, September has Labor Day, but I don't remember the day. Is it
September 1st?

Meg: I'm not sure.

Todd: I think it's September 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th.

Meg: I think it changes every year.

Todd: Maybe it's the first Monday.

Meg: I think so. Let's see, after September, what holiday is in October?

Todd: The best holiday, Halloween.

Meg: Yes, I love Halloween.

Todd: Halloween is October 31st.

Meg: Right. Every year.

Todd: Plus, October has my birthday.

Meg: Oh, what day is your birthday.

Todd: October 2nd.

Meg: Nice.

Todd: Yeah. When is your birthday?

Meg: Not until December.

Todd: Coming up.

Meg: Yes.

Todd: Okay, so what holiday is in November?

Meg: November, we have Thanksgiving Day.

Todd: Yes. Actually, Thanksgiving is my favorite holiday.

Meg: Oh, you said Halloween.

Todd: I know, I change, I changed it.

Meg: What day is Thanksgiving?

Todd: It changes, like Easter. It's on the third Thursday.

Meg: Is it the third or the fourth Thursday?

Todd: It's the fourth Thursday.

Meg: Oh, okay.

Todd: You're right. It's on the fourth Thursday of every November.

Meg: Right. How do you usually celebrate Thanksgiving?

Todd: I have dinner with my family-

Meg: Me too.

Todd:... and I watch football.

Meg: Yes, it's tradition.

Todd: I watch football on [inaudible 00:04:55].

Meg: Right. What about December?

Todd: Well, December has Christmas, which is December 25th.

Meg: Yes.

Todd: We also have New Year's Eve, which is December 31st.

Meg: Right, both fun holidays.

Todd: Yeah, really good holidays. I like it because you get lots of time off work or
school.

Meg: Yeah, it's good to spend time with friends and family.

Todd: And to get presents.

Meg: Of course.

Todd: When is your birthday?

Meg: December 14th.

Todd: Nice. I have to remember.

Meg: Yes. You could give me a gift.

Todd: What is your favorite holiday?

Meg: My favorite holiday is actually Halloween.

Todd: Okay, I change again, me too.

Months / Times of the Year

Point 1: There are twelve months in the year.

1. January
2. February
3. March
4. April
5. May
6. June
7. July
8. August
9. September
10. October
11. November
12. December

Point 2: Always start months with a capital letter.

1. I love October.
2. May is very cool.
3. I leave in June.
4. See you in August.

Point 3: Use the preposition 'in' for months and seasons.

1. I will be back in June.

2. See you in July.
3. I have a vacation in December.
4. My birthday is in October.

Point 4: There are four seasons in most English speaking countries.

1. Spring
2. Summer
3. Fall
4. Winter
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) When is Valentine's Day? 

 a) January
 b) February
 c) March

2) When is Saint Patrick's Day? 

 a) March
 b) April
 c) May

3) When is Independence Day in America? 

 a) May
 b) June
 c) July

4) What day is popular in May? 

 a) May Day

 b) Cinco de Mayo
 c) Thanksgiving

4) When is Labor Day? 

 a) May
 b) September
 c) November
Todd: Hello. Are you the new teacher?

Natalie: I am, yes. My name's Natalie. What's your name?

Todd: I'm Todd. Nice to meet you.

Natalie: Nice to meet you, too.

Todd: Welcome to the school.

Natalie: Thank you.

Todd: What is your morning schedule?

Natalie: First period, I teach Math.

Todd: So do I. I teach Math first period, too.

Natalie: Oh, cool. After that, for second period, I teach French.

Todd: You speak French?

Natalie: I do. [French 00:00:30].

Todd: That's great. Well, I speak some Japanese, so I teach Japanese second
period.

Natalie: Oh, that's so cool. I wish I spoke Japanese.

Todd: Yeah, but my Japanese is not very good.

Natalie: Oh.

Todd: But I'm the only teacher that speaks Japanese, so I teach Japanese.

Natalie: Maybe you could teach me one day.

Todd: Maybe, but I don't know much. How about third period? What do you teach
third period?

Natalie: Third period, I teach English.

Todd: Ah. I teach English, too. Our schedules are very similar.
Natalie: I know, although it is my first day. I'm a little nervous.

Todd: What about the afternoon schedule? What do you teach fourth period?

Natalie: Fourth period, I think I have Physics.

Todd: Oh, you teach Physics?

Natalie: Yeah. I love Physics. Do you teach Physics?

Todd: No, I don't teach Physics, but I teach Math. I teach Math fourth period.

Natalie: Oh. What do you teach in fifth period?

Todd: In fifth period, that's the sports period. I am the cross-country coach.

Natalie: Oh. I have sports, too, but I'm the coach for swimming.

Todd: Oh, really? Are you a good swimmer?

Natalie: I think I'm a really good swimmer. How about you?

Todd: I can swim, but I'm not a good swimmer. I like running.

Natalie: Oh, I hate running. How far do you run?

Todd: Well, for the class, usually we run 5K every day.

Natalie: Wow! 5K. Sixth period, I hear that's our teaching hours.

Todd: Yeah. Sixth period, we are in the classroom, but the students are free. They
can do what they want. But students can come to class and ask questions.

Natalie: Oh, cool. Do lots of students come and ask questions?

Todd: Yeah. Some students come, but not too many.

Natalie: Oh, okay.

Todd: Well, this is your first day and your first week, so maybe the job will be a little
crazy. But I think after your second or third week, the job will be very, very easy.

Natalie: I hope so. I'm really excited to meet the students. They seem great.
Todd: Oh, I think the students will like you a lot.

Natalie: Oh, I hope so, too. Maybe if you have some time, you could give me a tour
of the school?

Todd: Sure. I'd love to.

Natalie: Great. Thanks.

Grammar Notes

Point 1: Ordinals are numbers that show the order things appear or occur.

1. first
2. second
3. third
4. fourth
5. fifth
6. sixth
7. seventh
8. eight
9. ninth
10. tenth

Point 2: Most ordinals are just the number + th

1. 20th | twentieth
2. 30th | thirthieth
3. 40th | fortieth
4. 50th | fiftieth

Point 3: The numbers 1 - 3 have special ordinals.

1. 1 | first
2. 2 | second
3. 3 | third
4. 21 | twenty-first
5. 33 | thirty-third
6. 82 | eighty-second

Point 4: The numbers 11 and 12 have specials spellings that do not follow the
normal rule.

1. 11 | eleventh
2. 12 | twelth
3. 111 | one hundred and eleventh
4. 512 | five hundred and twelfth

Point 5: Numbers that end in -y change to -ieth.

1. 20th | twentieth
2. 30th | thirthieth
3. 40th | fortieth
4. 50th | fiftieth
Answer the following questions about the interview.
1) What does she teach first period? 

 a) Math
 b) Science
 c) English

2) What does she teach second period? 

 a) Japanese
 b) French
 c) English

3) What does she teach Third period? 

 a) art
 b) history
 c) language

4) What does she teach fourth period? 

 a) physics
 b) biology
 c) chemistry

5) What does she coach fifth period? 

 a) running
 b) swimming
 c) gymnastics