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Cross-Breeding in Indian Agriculture

The document summarizes developments in Indian agriculture from 1950 to 2000. It notes that wheat production increased from 11 million tonnes to 75 million tonnes and rice production increased from 35 million tonnes to 89.5 million tonnes over this period. It also lists various crop varieties developed in India like Jaya and Ratna rice, and wheat varieties Sonalika and Kalyan sona. Additionally, it mentions several fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases that impact crops as well as strategies developed to increase pest resistance in crops like maize and cotton.

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Nikhil
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15 views1 page

Cross-Breeding in Indian Agriculture

The document summarizes developments in Indian agriculture from 1950 to 2000. It notes that wheat production increased from 11 million tonnes to 75 million tonnes and rice production increased from 35 million tonnes to 89.5 million tonnes over this period. It also lists various crop varieties developed in India like Jaya and Ratna rice, and wheat varieties Sonalika and Kalyan sona. Additionally, it mentions several fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases that impact crops as well as strategies developed to increase pest resistance in crops like maize and cotton.

Uploaded by

Nikhil
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cross-breeding Hisardale sheep- Marino rams + Bikaneri ewes

Agriculture 33% GDP and 63% Populations


Wheat (1950-2000) 11 million tonnes to 75 million tonnes
Rice (1950-2000) 35 million tonnes to 89.5 million tonnes
garden pea P1542
Wheat HD1553
Sacchrum barberi North India
Sacchrum Officnarum South India
rice varieties Jaya and Ratna (developed in India)
Norman E Borlaug developed semi dwarf wheat variety at Interanational Centre for Wheat and Maize improvement in Mexico
Sonalika and Kalyan sona wheat varities developed in 1963
Fungal diseases brown rust of wheat, red rot of sugarcane, late blight of potato
Bacterial diseases black rot of crucifers
viruses tobacco mosaic, turnip mosaic
semi dwarf rice varieties made from IR-8 at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines and Taichung Native- 1 from Taiwan
Lady finger Brabhani kranti (Abelmosus esculentus)
In mung bean resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew were developed by mutation
stem borers resistance- high aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content in maize
wheat cereals leaf bettles
cotton jassids
wheat solid stem leads to non preference by stem saw fly
cotton smooth leaved and nectarless cotton variety do not attract bollworms

crop variety Insect pests


Brassica- rapseed mustard Pusa Gaurav Aphids
Flat bean pusa sem-2, Pusa sem- 3 Jassids, Aphids, Fruit Borers
Bhindi Pusa Sawani, Pusa A-4 Shhot and Fruit Borers

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