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Economic Operation of Power Systems

The document provides definitions and examples related to load characteristics in power systems. It discusses basic concepts like average power loss, loss factor, diversity factor, load diversity, and coincident factor. It also includes an example problem calculating these values using data on industrial, residential, and commercial loads at times of system peak demand. The key information extracted includes definitions of basic load characteristic terms and concepts, as well as an example calculation using the provided load data.

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Hell Maax
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6 views42 pages

Economic Operation of Power Systems

The document provides definitions and examples related to load characteristics in power systems. It discusses basic concepts like average power loss, loss factor, diversity factor, load diversity, and coincident factor. It also includes an example problem calculating these values using data on industrial, residential, and commercial loads at times of system peak demand. The key information extracted includes definitions of basic load characteristic terms and concepts, as well as an example calculation using the provided load data.

Uploaded by

Hell Maax
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Economic Operating of

Power System
Chapter 1 Load Characteristics
Basic defintions
Basic definitions
Example 1
Basic definitions
Basic definitions
Basic definitions
Basic definitions
solution

Data of problem
• 𝐹𝐿𝑆 =
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 • Loss factor 𝐹𝐿𝑆 = 0.5 %
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
2 • Power loss at peak load = 3000 kVA
• Average power loss 𝐼 × 𝑅
• 𝐼 2 𝑅 = 𝐹𝐿𝑆 × 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
• 𝐼 2 𝑅 = 0.5% × 3000 = 0.005 × 3000 =
15𝑘𝑊 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒
• For 3 – phase
• 3𝐼 2 𝑅 = 3 × 15 = 45 𝑘𝑊 𝑝𝑒𝑟 3 − 𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒
Solution

Diversity factor Data of problem


σ2𝑖=1 𝐷𝑖 2000+2000 • 𝐷1 = 2000 𝑘𝑊 ∶ 𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
• 𝐹𝐷 = = = 1.33
𝐷𝑔 3000
• 𝐷2 = 2000 𝑘𝑊 ∶ 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑
• Load diversity
• 𝐷𝑔 = 3000 𝑘𝑊 ∶ 𝑊ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚
• 𝐿𝐷 = σ2𝑖=1 𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑔 = 4000 −
3000 = 1000 𝑘𝑊
• Coincident factor
1 3
• 𝐹𝑐 = = = 0.75
𝐹𝐷 4
• Class of contribution factors
0
• 𝑐𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡 = 100 = 0
Data of problem 600
𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 • 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 1000 = 0.6
𝑐𝑖 =
𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑 1200
• 𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 1200 = 1
𝐷𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑡 = 100 𝑘𝑊
𝐷𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 1000 𝑘𝑊 • Diversity factor
𝐷𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 1200 𝑘𝑊 σ3𝑖=1 𝐷𝑖 100+1000+1200
• 𝐹𝐷 = = = 1.278
𝐷𝑔 1800
c) Diversified maximum demand • 𝐷𝑔 = 𝑐𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑡 × 𝐷𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑡 + 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 × 𝐷𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 +
σ3𝑖=1 𝐷𝑖 𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 × 𝐷𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙
𝐷𝑔 = = 1800 kW
𝐹𝐷
= 0*100+0.6*1000+1*1200 = 1800 kW
• Coincident factor
1 1
• 𝐹𝑐 = = = 0.7825
𝐹𝐷 1.278

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