PHYSIOTHERAPIST AND PATIENT

WAS ARRANGED BY :

 NURUL HUSNAH (PO714241194004)

 ANDYKA SAPUTRA RAMADHAN (PO714241194006)
 NURUL AZIZAH (PO714241194012)
 BESSE MASITA (PO714241194028)
 SYARLA APRILIYA IMAYA (PO714241194041)
 ASNIAR ANSAR (PO714241194042)

POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENKES MAKASSAR

2019/2020
 Warna = Nunu
Warna = Niar
Warna = besse
Warna = arla
Warna = Nurul
Warna = Andyka

INTRODUCTION

Physioterapist is a trained and licensed medical professional with experience

in diagnosing physical abnormalities, restoring physical function and mobility,
maintaining physical function, and promoting physical activity and proper
function.

Licensed physiotherapist can be found in a range of healthcare settings

including outpatient offices, private practices, hospitals, rehab centers, nursing
homes, home health, sports and fitness settings, schools, hospices, occupational
settings, government agencies, and research centers.

Physiotherapist as medical personel, in addition to be able to provide

treatment , should also be able to provide motivation to the patient. The interaction
between the physiotherapist with patients will speed the healing process, because it
will give more emotional support and motivation for the patient. The motivation
here is intended so that the patient can live independent and productive back.

One that supports the process of therapy and support is a physiotherapist.

Physiotherapists can help patients in the course of healing, such as increasing the
balance of walking, reducing muscle spasms (tension), reducing the risk of falls to
improve independence and quality of life. During the healing process,
physiotherapists must also be able to provide motivation to patients. The
interaction between physiotherapy and patient will speed up the healing process,
because this will provide emotional support and more motivation for the patient.
Motivation here is intended so that the patient can live independently and be
productive again.

Good and constructive communication is needed so that patients are willing

to tell the pain or complaints they experienced to the physiotherapist. Effective
communication is able to influence patient emotions and let the physiotherapist
know what steps to take next. So that it can speed up the patient's healing process.

 COMMON CONDITIONS
Physiotherapist can treat a wide variety of medical conditions, depending on their
specialty.

Some conditions that can benefit from this type of treatment are:

 Cardiopulmonary conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) and post-myocardial infarction (MI)
 Hand therapy for conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome and trigger finger
 Musculoskeletal dysfunction such as back pain, rotator cuff tears, and
temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ)
 Neurological conditions such as stroke, spinal cord injuries, Parkinson’s
disease, multiple sclerosis, vestibular dysfunction, and traumatic brain injuries
 Pediatric conditions such as developmental delays, cerebral palsy, and muscular
dystrophy
 Sports-related injuries, such as concussion and tennis elbow
 Women’s health and pelvic floor dysfunction, such as urinary
incontinence and lymphedema

Other cases that may benefit include burns, wound care, and diabetic ulcers.
 BENEFITS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

Depending on the reason for treatment, the benefits of physical therapy include:

 Pain management with reduced need for opioids

 Avoiding surgery
 Improved mobility and movement
 Recovery from injury or trauma
 Recovery from stroke or paralysis
 Fall prevention
 Improved balance
 Management of age-related medical problems

A sports therapist can help an athlete to maximize their performance through

strengthening specific parts of the body and using muscles in new ways.

A healthcare provider or physical therapist can advise individuals about the

benefits specific to their personal medical history and their need for treatment.

 TYPES
As with any medical practice, a variety of therapies can be applied to treat a range
of conditions.

1. Orthopedic physical therapy treats musculoskeletal injuries, involving the

muscles, bones, ligaments, fascias, and tendons. It is suitable for medical
conditions such as fractures, sprains, tendonitis, bursitis, chronic medical
problems, and rehabilitation or recovery from orthopedic surgery. Patients may
undergo treatment with joint mobilizations, manual therapy, strength training,
mobility training, and other modalities.
2. Geriatric physical therapy can help older patients who develop conditions that
affect their mobility and physical function,
including arthritis, osteoporosis, Alzheimer’s disease, hip and joint
replacement, balance disorders, and incontinence. This type of intervention
aims to restore mobility, reduce pain and increase physical fitness levels.
3. Neurological physical therapy can help people with neurological disorders
and conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, brain injury, cerebral palsy,
multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, and stroke.
Treatment may aim to increase limb responsiveness, treat paralysis, and reverse
increase muscles strength by reducing muscle atrophy.
4. Cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation can benefit people affected by
some cardiopulmonary conditions and surgical procedures. Treatment can
increase physical endurance and stamina.
5. Pediatric physical therapy aims to diagnose, treat, and manage conditions that
affect infants, children, and adolescents, including developmental delays,
cerebral palsy, spina bifida, torticollis and other conditions that impact the
musculoskeletal system.
6. Wound care therapy can help to ensure that a healing wound is receiving
adequate oxygen and blood by way of improved circulation. Physical therapy
may include the use of manual therapies, electric stimulation, compression
therapy and wound care.
7. Vestibular therapy aims to treat balance problems that can result from inner
ear conditions. Vestibular physical therapy involves a number of exercises and
manual techniques that can help patients regain their normal balance and
coordination.
8. Decongestive therapy can help to drain accumulated fluid in patients with
lymphedema and other conditions that involve fluid accumulation.
9. Pelvic floor rehabilitation can help treat urinary or fecal incontinence, urinary
urgency and pelvic pain in men and women as a result of injuries or surgery, or
because of certain conditions.

 JOB OF PHYSIOTHERAPIST
In general, physiotherapy tasks are:
1. Helping patients in natural disaster areas as well as strenuous physical activities
such as sports through manual physiotherapy or using equipment;
2. Provide education to patients about the actions before, during and after the
patient receives physiotherapy services;
3. Make an assessment of the problems that occur in individuals and groups
related to physical health;
4. Provide input regarding certain individual conditions to those in need, such as
providing player condition information to the coach;
5. Prepare special training portions prepared in a team for injured individuals;
6. Provide physical and psychological therapy to patients based on problems
experienced;
7. Relieve movement and function disorders in patients;
8. Provide direction for food and beverage intake that must be consumed.

Physiotherapist is a person who can provide education related to certain

problems to improve the quality of life and physical performance when injured
to live healthy and fit.

Even so the task of physiotherapy needs to be assisted by the family or the

person closest to the patient to get maximum results.

In addition, the task of physiotherapy can also be done alone at the patient's
home according to the type and frequency of physiotherapy.

 COMMUNICATIONS
a) Interpersonal Communication
Effendy stated that interpersonal communication is communication
between communicator and communicant. This type of communication is
considered effective in changing human attitudes or behavior because of its
dialogical process (Liliweri, 1997: 12). Dialogue is a form of interpersonal
communication that shows interaction. Those involved in this
communication have a dual function, each of which becomes the speaker
and listener in turn. The dialogic nature is demonstrated through verbal
 communication and in conversations that display direct feedback. So, the
communicator knows for certain whether the messages he sent were
received or rejected by the communicant, positive or negative impact. When
the listening process occurs, the communicator will begin to dig up
information and find solutions to the problem. In addition to focusing on the
content of the conversation he must also be sensitive to non-verbal language
delivered by the communicant. The goal is to understand the feelings,
thoughts and needs of the speaker. (Wood, 2010: 165-166). Interpersonal
communication compared to other communication is considered effective to
change attitudes, beliefs, opinions and communicant behavior. The reason is
because this communication takes place face to face. Because with this
communication personal contact (personal contact) that is the personal
communicator touching the communicant person. When delivering a
message, feedback takes place immediately, the communicant's response to
the message conveyed can be seen in his facial expressions and speaking
style. If the feedback is positive, it means that the response is pleasant and
the communicator will maintain his communication style, but if the
communication response is negative then the communicator will change his
communication style until the communication is successful. Usually a
negative communication response is caused by interference (noise), both
external and internal. According to Rachmat (1996) there are 5 signs of
effective communication, namely mutual understanding, giving pleasure,
influencing attitudes, better social relations and action. Rachmat also (1998)
said to produce effective interpersonal communication can go through two
stages, viz :
a) Formation of interpersonal relations
This stage is called the introductory stage. Introducing is a communication
process where an individual sends information about himself to others.
b) Affirmation of interpersonal relations.
Interpersonal relationships are relationships that always change.
Interpersonal relations will be established if the communicator and
communicant agree on the level of familiarity needed.

b) Motivation
 Motivation is the energy or factors that exist in human beings that
direct their behavior. While the word motive is a reason or drive that
causes the individual to take action. (Handoko, 1992: 9). The presence or
absence of motivation in an individual can be seen from his behavior, for
example the effort he made, the speed of his reaction, the theme of his
conversation, and his dreams. (Handoko, 1992: 61-62). The most effective
way to bring up motivation is by: 1. Explaining the objectives to be
achieved as clearly as possible. the clearer the objectives to be achieved, of
course the stronger the effort to achieve them. Conversely, the more
unclear the goals to be achieved, the weaker the effort to achieve them. 2.
Explain the importance of achieving goals. Here it is necessary to show
reasons for why that goal needs to be achieved. If the objectives to be
achieved are truly felt to be important, then there will be greater
encouragement to achieve them. 3. Explain the incentives that individuals
will get as a result of these actions. Incentives do not have to be material,
but can be in the form of inner satisfaction, life values, signs of
appreciation, and others.

Interpersonal communication is said to be successful if it produces

something that is expected. Motivation here is the expected result after
going through the process of communication. However, in reality,
motivating stroke patients sometimes encounter several obstacles, one of
which is lack of enthusiasm of the patient when not accompanied by a
physiotherapist, disorders of the body such as speech disorders. As well as
various problems told by patients. For this reason, understanding is one of
the ways physiotherapists do to make patients excited. In addition to
providing understanding, there are other factors that will make patients
more motivated to recover, namely the family. Because of the family the
patient will get support and enthusiasm for recovery and independence
again. Environmental factors are also another supporting factor that makes
patients motivated. Through meetings with other patients, feelings of
empathy will arise among patients. Providing incentives is also one of the
methods implemented by physiotherapists. Incentives do not have to be
material, but can be in the form of inner satisfaction, life values, signs of
appreciation and others. Providing incentives or signs of appreciation will
 indirectly encourage patients to get up and recover from their illness, so as
to shorten the recovery time.

SUMMARY
The summary that we can take are physiotherapist as medical personel, in
addition to be able to provide treatment , should also be able to provide
motivation to the patient. The interaction between the physiotherapist with
patients will speed the healing process, because it will give more emotional
support and motivation for the patient. The motivation here is intended so
that the patient can live independent and productive back