UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS
FACULTY OF PHARMACY – DEPT. OF PHARMACY
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (PHA 6114)
S.Y. 2020-2021
LEARNING TASK ON BACTERIOLOGY
Bacterial Infection Causative Agent Mode of Transmission Hallmark of Infection Drug of Choice
1. Pneumonia Acinetobacter Usage of uncleaned - rapid acquisition of antibiotic- Ceftazidime - bactericidal in action exerting its
baumannii shared equipment and resistance and effect by inhibition of enzymes responsible for
direct contact with Cough,Fever,Shortness of cell-wall synthesis, primarily penicillin binding
breath,Chest pain .Loss of appetite,
hands of infected protein 3 (PBP3) and activity against the gram-
low energy, and fatigue.
person negative
organisms Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae.
2. Genital Gonorrhea Neiserria Close personal contact - non-complicated mucosal infection Ceftriaxone:
Gonorrhea ( Sexual contact), For with a pustular discharge. works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in
Newborns(birth canal) - Painful urination. the bacterial cell wall
- Pus-like discharge from the tip of
the penis.
- Pain or swelling in one testicle.
3. Tracheobronchitis Mycoplasma Droplets - Productive cough/ "croupy cough" Tetracycline- passively diffuses through porin
Pneumoniae (coughing/sneezing) is a hallmark symptom channels in the bacterial membrane and
reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit,
preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-
ribosome complex, and thus interfering with
protein synthesis.
Erythromycin- acts by inhibition of protein
synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA
molecule in the 50S subunit of ribosomes in
susceptible bacterial organisms. It stops bacterial
protein synthesis by inhibiting the
transpeptidation/translocation step of protein
synthesis and by inhibiting the assembly of the
50S ribosomal [Link] results in the control
of various bacterial infections
4. Endocarditis Enterococcus Hands of hospital - Able to hydrolyze esculin (bile Vancomycin - inhibition of cell-wall
personnel esculin positive) and Flu-like [Link] alters bacterial-cell-membrane
Medical Devices symptoms, permeability and RNA synthesis.
1
UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS
FACULTY OF PHARMACY – DEPT. OF PHARMACY
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (PHA 6114)
S.Y. 2020-2021
5. Bacteremia Streptococcus can travel through the - intravascular infections such as Ampicillin- by binding to specific penicillin-
agalactiae blood stream to endocarditis, suppurative binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the
distant sites in the thrombophlebitis, endarteritis bacterial cell wall, Ampicillin inhibits the third
- and a rapid heart rate,
body and cause and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
shaking chills, low blood pressure,
infection gastrointestinal symptoms rapid
breathing, and/or become
confused, they probably have
sepsis or septic shock..
6. Bronchitis Chlamydophila Respiratory Droplets - productive cough that brings up Amoxicillin- competitively inhibits penicillin-
Pneumoniae mucus from the lungs. binding protein 1 and other high molecular
weight penicillin binding proteins
clavulanate - contains a beta-lactam ring in its
structure that binds in an irreversible fashion to
beta-lactamases, preventing them from
inactivating certain beta-lactam antibiotics, with
efficacy in treating susceptible gram-positive and
gram-negative infections
7. Enteric Fever Salmonella consumption of - Infiltration of tissues by Ceftriaxone:
Enterica contaminated food or macrophages (typhoid cells) that works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in
water. contain bacteria the bacterial cell wall
- Weakness,Stomach pain.
- Headache,Diarrhea or
constipation,Cough.
- Loss of appetite.
8. Cellulitis Haemophilus Respiratory droplets - The classic presentation of rubor Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone - works by inhibiting
Influenzae (redness), dolor (pain), tumor the mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell
(swelling), calor (heat) wall
9. Whooping Cough Bordetella Human vaccination, - Mucosal Surface Pathogen Erythromycin- acts by inhibition of protein
pertussis respiratory droplet - runny nose,sneezing. synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA
close contact with oral - mild cough,low-grade fever. molecule in the 50S subunit of ribosomes in
secretions susceptible bacterial organisms. It stops bacterial
protein synthesis by inhibiting the
transpeptidation/translocation step of protein
synthesis and by inhibiting the assembly of the
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UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS
FACULTY OF PHARMACY – DEPT. OF PHARMACY
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (PHA 6114)
S.Y. 2020-2021
50S ribosomal subunit. This results in the control
of various bacterial infections.
Azithromycin- Azithromycin binds to the 23S
rRNA of the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit. It
stops bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting the
transpeptidation/translocation step of protein
synthesis and by inhibiting the assembly of the
50S ribosomal subunit
Clarithromycin - penetrates bacteria cell wall and
reversibly binds to domain V of the 23S
ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit of the bacterial
ribosome, blocking translocation of aminoacyl
transfer-RNA and polypeptide synthesis.
10. Pneumonic Plague Yersinia pestis Infectious droplets - potential agent of bioterrorism and Streptomycin- "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-
trouble breathing. subunit proteins and 16S rRNA
o chest pain,[Link]. Tetracycline- assively diffuses through porin
- headache,overall [Link] channels in the bacterial membrane and
sputum reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit,
preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-
ribosome complex, and thus interfering with
protein synthesis.
REFERENCES: (APA FORMAT)
DrugBank. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
Joshua D. Hartzell, K. (2020). Acinetobacter Pneumonia: A Review. Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
Acinetobacter in Healthcare Settings | HAI | CDC. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
James D. Cherry, R. (2020). Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infections of Adults and Children. Retrieved 20 September 2020, from
[Link]
(2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
[Link]
Tetracycline - DrugBank. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
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UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS
FACULTY OF PHARMACY – DEPT. OF PHARMACY
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY (PHA 6114)
S.Y. 2020-2021
Understanding Chronic Bronchitis: What Is It?. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
bronchitis#symptoms
Bronchitis Medication: Antimicrobials, Antitussives/expectorants, Bronchodilators, Corticosteroids, Systemic, Corticosteroids, Inhaled, Antiviral Agents,
Analgesics/antipyretics. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
(2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
What is the typical histologic finding in typhoid fever (enteric fever)?. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
10608/what-is-the-typical-histologic-finding-in-typhoid-fever-enteric-fever
WHO | Typhoid fever. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
Mycoplasmal Pneumonia Medication: Antibiotic Therapy. (2020). Retrieved 20 September 2020, from [Link]
medication#:~:text=Medication%20Summary,are%20the%20drugs%20of%20choice.