INPUT DATA

1 HYDRAULOGICAL DATA
High Flood Level (HFL) = 85.200 m
Low Bed Level (LBL) = 83.031 m
Vertical Clearance = 0.900 m

2 SUPERSTRUCTURE
Type of Superstructure = Solid Slab
Super Structure Details are adopted from Standard Drawing = 10.4 m
Grade of Concrete(Superstructure) = 30 (M)
skew angle = 0 ˚
Finished Road Level (FRL) = 87.250 m
Soffit Level (Bearing level) = 86.275 m
Thickness of wearing coat = 0.065 m
3
Unit weight of wearing course = 22 kN/m
Effective span (c/c of bearing/cross girder/abutment) (Le) = 10 m
No. of Span = 3 no
Length between Expansion Gap center to center = 10.440 m
Expansion gap between inner face to Deck edge = 0.040 m
Expansion gap between Dirt wall outer face to Approach Slab = 0.020 m
Total length of bridge between Inner face of Dirt wall ( L total ) = 31.360 m

Length of Approach Slab = 4.000 m

Thickness of Approach Slab = 0.300 m
Total width (W) = 8.400 m
Carriageway width = 7.500 m
Provision of Footpath = NO
Width of Crash Barrier (bc) = 0.450 m
Ht. of Kerb (hk) = 0.450 m
Ht. of Crash Barrier (hc) = 0.900 m
2
Area of Crash Barrier = 0.405 m

Thickness of deck slab at end = 0.900 m

Camber in deck slab = 2.5 %

3
Unit weight of RCC = 25 kN/m
Grade of Steel = 500 (Fe)
3 GIRDER DETAILS
No. of Longitudinal Girder = 0 no
No. of Cross Girder in one span = 0 no
Length of the straight part of the Girder at support = 0.00 m
Length of the varying part of the Girder = 0.00 m
Length of the middle part = 0.00 m
Distance between center line of Longitudinal Girder = 0.00 m
Ht of Rectangle portion in Bulb = 0.00 m
Width of Rectangle portion in Bulb = 0.00 m
Ht of Trapizoidal portion in Bulb = 0.00 m
Thickness of Web of Longitudinal Girder = 0.00 m
Distance between center line of Cross Girder & Deck Edge = 0.00 m
Depth of Girder (Excluding Deck Slab) = 0.00 m
Ht. of cross Girder = 0.00 m
2
Cross Sectional Area of Deck with Girder at mid portion = 0.00 m
Cross Sectional Area of Deck with Girder at End portion = 0.00 m2
C.G. Distance of Girder Section (with Deck) from Bottom of Girder = 0.00 m
Total Dead Load of Super Structure on Pier = 0 kN
Total Dead Load of Super Structure on Abutment = 0 kN

3 SLAB DETAILS

Thickness of deck slab at end = 0.900 m

Thickness of deck slab at mid point = 0.900 m
Camber in deck slab = 2.5 %
Total Dead Load of Super Structure on Pier = 1966 kN
Total Dead Load of Super Structure on Abutment = 983 kN

4 SUBSTRUCTURE & FOUNDATION

Grade of Concrete(Substructure & Foundation) = 30 (M)
2
Young's modulus of Concrete, Ecm = 31000 N/mm
(From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 38)

Reinforcement
Grade of steel = 500 (Fe 500)
No of Abutment = 2 no
No of Pier = 2 no
PIER
Type of Foundation = Open foundation
Existing Ground Level (EGL) at P1 = 83.031 m
Maximum scour level = 81.021 m
Bottom of Foundation at Pier Location = 80.530 m
Height of Pier = 5.745 m
Pier Shaft
Type of Pier = Circular
Dia of Pier = 1.500 m
Pier Cap
Length of Pier Cap = 7.900 m
Width of Pier cap top = 1.500 m
Ht of Rectangular portion of Pier Cap = 0.600 m
Ht of Trapizoidal portion of Pier Cap = 0.600 m
Pier Foundation
Foundation Shape (Rectangle/Tappered) = Tappered
Total Width of Pier Foundation = 5.400 m
Width of Pier Foundation at Pier face = 1.800 m
Length of Pier Foundation = 5.400 m
Thickness of Pier Foundation at Pier Face = 1.200 m
Thickness of Pier Foundation at Edge = 0.600 m
Area of Foundation = 5.400 m2
Heigth of Earthfill above foundation = 2.501 m
Unit Weight of Earthfill above foundation = 20.000 KN/M2
Weight of Earthfill above foundation = 162.11 KN
C.G of Foundation = 0.560 m
Allowable Base Pressure at Founding Lvl. = 250 kN/m2
Clear Cover in Foundation = 80 mm

0.600 2 3
1
1.8 1.800 m 1.8 1.200

4
5.400 m
 8.4
7.5

87.25 FRL

0.9
86.275 SOFFIT

6.9
0.6

7.9
85.2 HFL
0.6

5.745 6.72

1.5 3.35 2.95

83.031 LBL

1.8

0.6
1.2

0.6 80.53 FOUNDATION LEVEL

5.4

1.8 1.8
1.5 5.4

SECTIONAL DRAWING OF CIRCULAR PIER WITH

SQUARE FOOTING
 ANALYSIS OF PIER

Hydraulic Particulars & Height of Abutment/Pier wall

At the proposed Bridge Site, the following data are available;
a) High Flood Level, HFL = 85.200 m
b) Lowest Bed Level, LBL = 83.031 m
At Pier Locations
Max. Scour Level = 81.021 m
Levels at abutments and pier locations
E.G.L. at Pier P1 = 83.031 m
Calculation of height of frame at Pier locations
The lowest E.G.L. at Pier = 83.031 m
Placing bottom of Foundation at = 80.530 m
Top of Foundation = 80.530 m
Top of Pier cap level = 86.045 m
Top of bearing level = 86.275 m
Height of frame at Pier locations = 5.745 m
Height of Pier with cap = 5.745 m
LOAD CALCULATIONS
PERMANENT ACTIONS
Self Weight/Dead Load
Wt. of deck = 1966 kN Weight of pier cap = = 177.75 kN
Wt. of Footpath = 0.00 kN Weight of pier = = 535.17 kN
Live load on Footpath = 0.00 kN
Wt. of Curb = 0.00 kN Total weight of pier = 535.17 kN
Wt. of wall below slab = kN Total weight of Foundation = 135.00 kN
Dead Load from super-structure = 1966 kN
Moment due to unsymmetrical dead load = 0 kN-m

VARIABLE GRAVITY LOAD TREATED AS PERMANENT LOAD

Super Imposed Dead Load (SIDL) (except surfacing)
Super Imposed Dead Load acting on pier = Wt. of crash barrier = 210.60 kN
Surfacing and Wearing Coat
Surfacing or loading due to wearing coat on pier = 111.54 kN

VARIABLE ACTIONS
Vehicular Live Load

Carriageway Live load

(I) 2 lanes of Class-A
(II) 1 lane of 70R Tracked
(III) 1 lane of 70R Tracked
1 Type of Loading = Class A train of vehicle.
A) One Span Loaded
Span, Le = 10 m Case - 1: Two Lane & one span loaded.
Lc = 0 m Minimum Clearence = 150 mm
Expansion gap = 0.04 m Width of ground contact (In transverse direction) = 500 mm
Impact Factor = 1.275 Width of Footpath with crush barrier & kerb = 450 mm
Width of carriageway = 7.50 m

114 114 68 68 68 68
1.2 4.3 3 3 3 -4.10

0 10 0
Rb Ra

0.85 1.8 1.2 1.8 2.75

eT 4.2
 Maximum Reaction = Rb = 287.3 kN
And transverse eccentricity, wrt deck, eT = 0.95 m
And longitudinal eccentricity, wrt abutment, eL = 0.02 m

B) Both Span Loaded

Case - 3: Two Lane & both span loaded.
9.09 CG of load
27 114 114 68 68 68 68
0.6 27 3.2 1.2 4.3 3 3 3 1.0
1.1
0.0
0.00 10 0.0 10 0.00
Ra Rc
554
3.59 0.71
CG calculation of load:
Taking moment with respect to the left most load, CG of load = 9.09 m
With above consideration, x = 3.59 m
Similarly, we have y = 0.71 m

In order to get the maximum pier reaction, we have place the loads in such a manner so that
the CG of the load passes through the centre line of the pier.

9.09 CG of load
27 114 114 68 68 68 68
1.33 27 3.2 1.2 3.57 0.7 3 3 0.3
1.1 3
0.0
0.00 10 0.0 10 0.00
Rb Ra Rc
554

Maximum reaction, RA = 186.5 kN

Similarly, max. reaction, RC = 166.9 kN
R = Total Pier reaction = RA+RC = 353.4 kN
And transverse eccentricity, wrt deck, eT = 0.95 m
And longitudinal eccentricity, wrt pier, eL = 0.00 m

2 Type of Loading = IRC class 70R Tracked

A) One Span Loaded
Case - 1: 70R Tracked
Span, Le = 10.4 m Minimum Clearence = 1200 mm
Lc = 0 m Width of ground contact = 840 mm
Expansion gap = 0.04 m Width of footpath with kerb & crash barrier = 450 mm
Impact factor = 1.1 Width of carriageway = 7.50 m

700/4.57 = 153.17 kN/m

4.57

0.00 10 0.00
Rb Ra
70R Tracked Loading
350 350

0.45 1.2 1.2

0.84 0.84

4.2 1.11 4.2

700
Maximum Reaction for 70R Tracked = Rb = 686.2 kN

Hence,Total Reaction Rb = 686.2 kN

 And transverse eccentricity, wrt deck, eT = 1.11 m
And longitudinal eccentricity, wrt abutment, eL = 0.02 m

B) Both Span Loaded

Case - 2: 70R Tracked
In order to get the maximum pier reaction, we have place the loads in such a manner so that the CG
of the load passes through the centre line of the pier.
153.17 kN/m
4.57

0.02
0 10.4 0.02 10 0
Rb Ra Rc

Since, the loading is symmetrical

Maximum reaction, RA = 341.78 kN
Similarly, max. reaction, RC = 341.78 kN
R = Total Pier reaction = RA+RC = 683.57 kN

Hence,Total Reaction R = 683.57 kN

And transverse eccentricity, wrt deck, eT = 1.1 m

And longitudinal eccentricity, wrt pier, eL = 0.000 m

3 Type of Loading = IRC 70 R Wheel

A) One Span Loaded
Case - 1: 70 R Wheel
Span, Le = 10.4 m Minimum Clearence = 1200 mm
Lc = 0 m Width of ground contact = 860 mm
Expansion gap = 0.04 m Width of footpath with kerb & crash barrier = 450 mm
Impact factor = 1.25 Width of carriageway = 7.5 m

170 170 170 170 120 120 80

1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96 -3.00

0.00 10 0.00
Rb Ra
Maximum reaction = Rb = 634.16 kN

Hence,Total Reaction Rb = 634.16 kN

max longitudinal eccentricity = eL = 0.02 m

70R Wheeled Loading

170 170

0.45 1.2 0.86 0.86

1.07

4.2 1.155 4.2

340
max transverse eccentricity = eT = 1.155 m

Case - 2: 70 R Wheel
8.28
80 120 120 170 170 170 170
3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37

0.02
Rb 10 Ra 0.0 Rc 10

1000
 CG calculation of load:
Taking moment with respect to the left most load, CG of load = 8.28 m
With above consideration, x = 0.67 m
Similarly, we have y = 0.70 m
8.28
80 120 120 170 170 170 170
1.74 3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37 4.90

0.0
10 0.0 Rc 10
Rb Ra
1000
Maximum reaction, RA 410.12 kN
Similarly, max. reaction, RC = 435.17 kN
R = Total Pier reaction = RA+RC = 845.29 kN

Hence,Total Reaction R = 845.29 kN

And transverse eccentricity, wrt deck, eT = 1.16 m
And longitudinal eccentricity, wrt pier, eL = 0.001 m

CWLL Load on Pier

Load due Load due Reaction eL eL eT ML MT

to main to (KN) (m) (m) (m) (KN-m) (KN-m)
sl. No. Live Load Case
wheel additional
wheel
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(col 4 x col 6) + (col 4 x col 8) +
For Class-A Class A 70R Class A 70R (col 5 x col 7) (col 5 x col 8)
1 One lane / one span loaded 500 0 287.27 0.02 0.950 5.75 272.90

2 One lane / Both span loaded 554 0 353.40 0.00 0.950 0.39 335.73

For IRC class 70R Tracked

3 One lane / one span loaded 700 0 686.22 0.020 1.110 13.72 761.70
4 One lane / Both span loaded 700 0 683.57 0.000 1.110 0.00 758.76
For IRC class 70R Wheeled
5 One lane / one span loaded 1000 0 634.16 0.020 1.155 12.68 732.45
6 One lane / Both span loaded 1000 0 845.29 0.001 1.155 0.50 976.31

Longitudinal forces
1 Calculation of Braking Forces
Caused by braking of vehicles ……. (Ref. cl. 211 of IRC 6-2010, page-33)
Case - I Case - II Case - III Case - IV Case - V Case - VI
Braking force line of action
Class A - Class A - 70R Tr. - 70R 70R 70R
One lane / One Lane One Lane , Tracked / Wheeled , Wheeled /
1.2m
one span both span one span Both span one span Both span
loaded loaded loaded loaded loaded loaded

a Total Load kN = 500 554 700 700 1000 1000

b Braking force Fh kN = 150 166 210 210 300 300
c Each side Fh/2 kN = 75.0 83.1 105.0 105.0 150.0 150.0
d ThickNess of wearing coat m = 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065
e Ht. of Braking force act above bearing m = 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97
f Moment at bearing level kN-m = 294.75 326.58 412.65 412.65 589.50 589.50
g Reaction as push/pull (+/-) kN = 28.34 31.40 39.68 39.68 56.68 56.68
h For moment at pier base, lever arm m = 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75
i Longitudinal moment at pier base kN-m = 430.88 477.41 603.23 603.23 861.75 861.75

HYDRAULIC ACTIONS

Water current forces:

As the pier portion bellow Highest Flood Level shall be submerged in running water, pressure on
pier by water is calculated here.
On piers, perallel to the direction of water current , the intensity of pressure is calculated
by equation, P =52KV2 ……..( Clause 210.2, IRC:6-2014, page-34)
Where, V = velocity of the current at the point where the pressure
 intensity is in meter per second.
K = A constant depending on shape of pier

Circular piers or piers with semicircular ends, K = 0.66 ……(Clause 210.2, IRC:6-2014, page-34)
Mean velocity of current, Vm = 1.86 m/s
Now, if maximum velocity = V
V2 = 2Vm2 ……..(Clause 210.3, IRC:6-2014, page-36)

Water current pressure at HFL level = 237.467 Kg/m2

= 2.37 kN/m2
Water current pressure at MSL level = 0
Calculation of water current force in transeverse direction

2.37 kN/m2 HFL =85.2 m

0 kN/m2
Top of Foundation = 80.53m

0 kN/m2 Bottom of Foundation = 80.53m

0 Maximum Scour Level = 81.021m

Water current pressure diagram

Area of projection plane of pier shaft in transeverse direction = 7.005 sqm

Total force acting in transeverse direction = 8.317 kN
Distance of the line of force above top of Foundation = 2.335 m
Moment in transeverse direction at Pier bottom location = 19.421 kN-m

Calculation of water current force in longitudinal direction

For longitudinal direction, K = 0.66
Considering 20˚ variation of water current direction, pressure in longitudinal direction =
= 0.406 KN/m2
Area of projection plane of pier in longitudinal direction = 7.005 m2
Total force acting in longitudinal direction = 2.84 kN
Distance of the line of force above top of pile cap = 2.335 m
Moment in longitudinal direction at Pier bottom location = 6.642 kN-m

Buoyancy at HFL condition

HFL =85.2 m

4.67 m

1.2 m

Water pressure in horizontal direction on structure will nullify each other

Water pressure at top of Foundation 46.7 kN/m2
Water pressure at bottom of Foundation 58.7 kN/m2
Excess pressure on bottom of Foundation 12 kN/m2
So, total force on bottom of Foundation due to Foundation only, in upward direction = Net pressure x plan area
116.64 kN
Load on shaft only = 82.5 kN
Total load on bottom of Foundation 199.1 kN

Calculation of WIND LOAD

a Wind Force on superstructure:
i. Transverse wind force (FT) :
Solid area (A1) = Exposed area in Transverse direction = 23.92 m2
FT = 88 kN
ii. Longitudinal wind force (FL) :
 FL = 25% of transverse wind force = 21.94 kN
iii. Vertical wind load (FV) :
Plan area (A3) = 87.36 m2
Lift Coefficient (CL) = 0.75
FV = 123 kN
b Wind force on live load:
as per clause 209.3.7 of IRC: 6, 2010, bridge shall not be considered to carry any live load if the basic wind velocity exceeds 36m/sec

c Wind force on Substructure:

Pier Cap Velocity Of Wind
i. Transverse wind force: Position Direction vert. comp. Hortz. Comp.
Exposed area = 1.80 m2 kN kN
Transverse wind force = 2.7 kN Super structure Transverse 123.26 87.75
ii. Longitudinal Wind Force: Longitudinal 21.94
Exposed area = 9.5 m2
Transverse wind force = 14.3 kN Live load Transverse 0.00 0.00
Pier Shaft Longitudinal 0.00
i. Transverse wind force:
Sub structure
0.00
Exposed area = 2.4 m2 (pile cap) Transverse 2.71
Transverse wind force = 3.8 kN Longitudinal 14.27
ii. Longitudinal Wind Force:
Exposed area = 2.4 m2 Sub structure Transverse 0.00 3.77
Transverse wind force = 3.8 kN (pile shaft) Longitudinal 3.77

20% Reaction Ah Transverse Acting Lever arm at Transverse vertical

Live Load Case (KN) seismic RL at Pier base moment at force
sl. No. force (+1.20) pier base component
For Class-A Class A 70R
1 One lane / one span loaded 57.45 0.07 3.85 88.45 7.92 30.49 20.32

2 One lane / Both span loaded 70.68 0.07 4.74 88.45 7.92 37.51 25.00

For IRC class 70R Tracked

3 One lane / one span loaded 137.24 0.07 9.20 88.45 7.92 72.83 48.55
4 One lane / Both span loaded 136.71 0.07 9.16 88.45 7.92 72.55 48.36
For IRC class 70R Wheeled
5 One lane / one span loaded 126.83 0.07 8.50 88.45 7.92 67.30 44.87
6 One lane / Both span loaded 169.06 0.07 11.33 88.45 7.92 89.71 59.81

G. Effects of liquefaction of soils

Incorporating the reccomendtations on effect of liquefaction of soil (if any), strength of piles are determined and considered during design of piles.

All the actions at pier base analised above are summarised bellow, loads are in KN
[Link] LOAD DESCRIPITION V HL HT LA ML MT
A PERMANENT LOADS
i Dead Load from super-structure 1966.00 0.00
ii Self weight of Pier Cap 177.75
iii Self weight of pier 535.17
VARIABLE GRAVITY TREATED AS PERMANENT
i SIDL except surfacing 210.60
ii Surfacing 111.54
B VARIABLE LOAD
Carriageway Live Load
a For Class-A
i One lane / one span loaded 287.27 5.75 272.90
ii
iii One lane / Both span loaded 353.40 0.39 335.73
iv
b For IRC class 70R Tracked
i One lane / one span loaded 686.22 13.72 761.70
ii One lane / Both span loaded 683.57 0.00 758.76
c For IRC class 70R Wheeled
i One lane / one span loaded 634.16 12.68 732.45
ii One lane / Both span loaded 845.29 0.50 976.31
Braking Force
a For Class-A
i One lane / one span loaded 28.34 75.00 5.75 430.88
 ii
iii One lane / Both span loaded 31.40 83.10 5.75 477.41
iv
b For IRC class 70R Tracked
i One lane / one span loaded 39.68 105.00 5.75 603.23
ii One lane / Both span loaded 39.68 105.00 5.75 603.23
c For IRC class 70R Wheeled
i One lane / one span loaded 56.68 150.00 5.75 861.75
ii One lane / Both span loaded 56.68 150.00 5.75 861.75
THERMAL LOAD
i Temperature variation effect 117.81 5.75 676.82
WIND LOAD
Wind load from super-structure 123.26 21.94 87.75 6.12 134.20 536.79
Wind load from sub-structure 0.00 6.47 18.03 2.76 17.85 49.73
for Live load
For Class-A
One lane / one span loaded 20.32 3.85 7.92 30.49
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
One lane / Both span loaded 25.00 4.74 7.92 37.51
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
For IRC class 70R Tracked
One lane / one span loaded 48.55 9.20 7.92 72.83
One lane / Both span loaded 48.36 9.16 7.92 72.55
For IRC class 70R Wheeled
One lane / one span loaded 44.87 8.50 7.92 67.30
One lane / Both span loaded 59.81 11.33 7.92 89.71
HYDRAULIC LOAD
Water current force on shaft 2.84 8.32 6.64 19.42
Buoyant force on shaft 82.48

Load combination at bottom of Foundation

[Link] LOAD DESCRIPITION V HL HT LA ML MT

A PERMANENT LOADS
i Dead Load from super-structure 1966.00
ii Self weight of Pier Cap 177.75
iii Self weight of pier 535.17
iv Self weight of Foundation 135.00
VARIABLE GRAVITY TREATED AS PERMANENT
i SIDL except surfacing 210.60
ii Surfacing 111.54
B VARIABLE LOAD
Carriageway Live Load
a Class-A
One lane / one span loaded 287.27 5.75 272.90
ii 0.00 0.00 0.00
One lane / Both span loaded 353.40 0.39 335.73
iv 0.00 0.00 0.00
b For IRC class 70R Tracked 0.00 0.00
i One lane / one span loaded 686.22 13.72 761.70
ii One lane / Both span loaded 683.57 0.00 758.76
For IRC class 70R Wheeled 0.00 0.00
One lane / one span loaded 634.16 12.68 732.45
One lane / Both span loaded 845.29 0.50 976.31
Braking Force
Class-A
One lane / one span loaded 28.34 75.00 5.75 430.88

One lane / Both span loaded 31.40 83.10 5.75 477.41

For IRC class 70R Tracked

One lane / one span loaded 39.68 105.00 5.75 603.23
i One lane / Both span loaded 39.68 105.00 5.75 603.23
iv For IRC class 70R Wheeled
v One lane / one span loaded 56.68 150.00 5.75 861.75
vi One lane / Both span loaded 56.68 150.00 5.75 861.75
THERMAL LOAD
i Temperature variation effect 117.81 5.75 676.82
WIND LOAD
Wind load from super-structure 123.26 87.75 6.12 536.79
Wind load from sub-structure 18.03 2.76 49.73
 for Live load
For Class-A
One lane / one span loaded 20.32 3.85 7.92 30.49

One lane / Both span loaded 25.00 4.74 7.92 37.51

For IRC class 70R Tracked

One lane / one span loaded 48.55 9.20 7.92 72.83
One lane / Both span loaded 48.36 9.16 7.92 72.55
For IRC class 70R Wheeled
One lane / one span loaded 44.87 8.50 7.92 67.30
One lane / Both span loaded 59.81 11.33 7.92 89.71
HYDRAULIC LOAD
Water current force on shaft 2.84 8.32 2.34 6.64 19.42
Water current force on Foundation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Buoyant force on Foundation -116.64
Weight of Earthfill 162.11
 Partial Safety Factors for Verification of Equilibrium
(Table 3.1,IRC:6-2014,page-75)

Loads Basic Combinations Accidental Seismic combination

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Overturning Restoring or Overturning Restoring or Overturning Restoring or
or Sliding or Resisting or Sliding or Resisting or Sliding or Resisting
Uplift Effect Effect Uplift Effect Effect Uplift Effect Effect
Permanent Loads:

Dead Load. Snow load if

present,SIDL except surfacing, 1.05 0.95 1 1 1 1
Backfill weight, settlement, creep
and shrinkage effect
Surfacing 1.35 1 1 1 1 1
Earth pressure due to Back Fill 1.5 - 1 - 1 -
Variable Loads:
Carriageway Live Load, associated
loads (braking, tractive and
centrifugal forces) and Pedestrian
Live Load
a) As Leading Load 1.5 0 0.75 0 - -
b) As accompanying Load 1.15 0 0.2 0 0.2 0
c) Construction Live Load 1.35 0 1 0 1 0
Thermal Loads
a) As Leading Load 1.5 0 - - - -
b) As accompanying Load 0.9 0 0.5 0 0.5 0
Wind
a) As Leading Load 1.5 0 - - - -
b) As accompanying Load 0.9 0 - - - -
Live Load Surcharge effects (as
1.2 0 - - - -
accompanying load)
Accidental effects:
i) Vehicle collision (or)
ii) Barge Impact (or)
iii) Impact due to floating bodies - - 1 - - -
Seismic Effect:
(a) During Service - - - - 1 -
(b) During Construction - - - - 0.5 -
Construction Condition:
Counter Weights:
a) When density or self weight is
- 0.9 - 1 - 1
well defined
b) When density or self weight is
- 0.8 - 1 - 1
not well defined
c) Errection effects 1.05 0.95 - - - -
Hydraulic Loads: 1
(Accompanying Load):
Water current forces 0 1 - 1 -
Wave Pressure 1 0 1 - 1 -
Hydrodynamic effect - - - - 1 -
Buoancy 1 - 1 - 1 -
 Partial Safety Factor for Verification of Structural Strength
(Table 3.2, IRC:6-2014, page-77)
Ultimate Limit State
Seismic
Accidental Combinati
Loads Basic Combination Combination on
1 2 3 4
Permanent Loads: (Dead Load, Snow load if
present, SIDL except surfacing)
a) Adding to the effect of variable loads 1.35 1 1
b) Relieving the effect of variable loads 1 1 1
Surfacing:
a) Adding to the effect of variable loads 1.75 1 1
b) Relieving the effect of variable loads 1 1 1
Back Fill weight 1.5 1 1
Earth pressure due to Back Fill
a) Leading Load 1.5 - 1
b) Accompanying Load 1 1 1

Variable Loads: Carriageway Live Load and

associated loads ( braking, tractive and
centrifugal forces) and Pedestrian Live Load:
a) Leading Load 1.5 0.75 0
b) Accompanying Load 1.15 0.2 0.2
c) Construction Live Load 1.35 1 1
Wind during service and construction:
a) Leading Load 1.5 - -
b) Accompanying Load 0.9 - -

1.2 0.2 0.2

Live Load Surcharge (as accompanying load)
Errection effects 1 1 1
Accidental Effects:
i) Vehicl Collision (or) - 1 -
ii) Barge Impact (or) - 1 -
iii) Impact due to floating bodies - 1 -
Seismic Effect:
a) During Service - - 1
b) During Construction - - 0.5
Hydraulic Loads ( Accompanying Load):
Water Current Forces 1 1 1
Wave Pressure 1 1 1
Hydrodynamic effect - - 1
Buoyancy 0.15 0.15 0.15
 Partial Safety Factor for Verification of Serviceability Limit State
(Table 3.3, IRC:6-2014, page-78)

Quasi-
permanen
Frequent
Loads Rare Combination t
Combination
Combinati
on
1 2 3 4
Permanent Loads:
Dead Load, Snow load if present, SIDL including
1 1 1
surfacing
Back Fill weight 1 1 1
Shrinkage and creep effects 1 1 1
Earth pressure due to Back Fill 1 1 1
Settlement Effects:
a) Adding to permanent loads 1 1 1
b) Opposing the permanent loads 0 0 0
Variable Loads: Carriageway Live Load and
associated loads (braking, tractive and
centrifugal forces) and pedestrian live load
a) Leading Load 1 0.75 -
b) Accompanying Load 0.75 0.2 0
Thermal Loads:
a) Leading Load 1 0.6 -
b) Accompanying Load 0.6 0.5 0
Wind:
a) Leading Load 1 0.6 -
b) Accompanying Load 0.6 0.5 0
Live Load Surcharge (Accompanying Load) 0.8 0 0
Hydraulic Loads (Accompanying Load)
Water Current Forces 1 1 -
Wave Pressure 1 1 -
Buoyancy 0.15 0.15 0.15
 Combination for Base Pressure and Design of Foundation
(Table 3.4, IRC:6-2014, page-79)

Loads Combination 1 Combination 2 Seismic / Accidental

1 2 3 4
Permanent Loads:
Dead Load, Snow load if present, SIDL except
1.35 1 1
surfacing, Back Fill earth filling
SIDL Surfacing
Settlement effect 1 0 1 0 1 0
Earth pressure due to back fill
a) Leading Load 1.5 1.3 -
b) Accompanying Load 1 0.85 1
Variable Loads : All carriageway loads and
associated loads (braking, tractive and
centrifugal) and pedestrian load
a) Leading Load 1.5 1.3 0.75 0
b) Accompanying Load 1.15 1 0.2
Thermal Loads as accompanying load 0.9 0.8 0.5
Wind:
a) Leading Load 1.5 1.3 -
b) Accompanying Load 0.9 0.8 0
Live Load Surcharge as Accompanying Load (if
1.2 1 0.2
applicable)
Accidental Effect or Seismic Effect - - 1
eismic effect during construction - - 0.5
Errection effects 1 1 1
Hydraulic Loads :
Water Current 1 0 1 0 1 0
Wave Pressure 1 0 1 0 1 0
Hydrodynamic effect - - 1 0
Buoyancy :
For Base Pressure 1 1 1
For Structural Design 0.15 0.15 0.15
 LOAD COMBINATION FOR PIER SHAFT BASE (For Ultimate Limit State)

Loads V ML MT HL HT
Dead Load 2678.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SIDL 210.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surfacing 111.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/1S) LL1 287.27 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/BS) LL2 353.40 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 686.22 13.72 761.70 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 683.57 0.00 758.76 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 634.16 12.68 732.45 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 845.29 0.50 976.31 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/1S) LL1 28.34 430.88 0.00 75.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/BS) LL2 31.40 477.41 0.00 83.10 0.00
Braking70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 39.68 603.23 0.00 105.00 0.00
Braking70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 39.68 603.23 0.00 105.00 0.00
Braking70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 56.68 861.75 0.00 150.00 0.00
Braking70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 56.68 861.75 0.00 150.00 0.00
Wind load 123.26 152.05 586.52 28.41 105.78
Water Current force 0.00 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Buoyancy -82.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1.35 Dead Load 1.35 Dead Load 1.35
SIDL 1.35 SIDL 1.35 SIDL 1.35
Surfacing 1.75 Surfacing 1.75 Surfacing 1.75
LL 1.50 Wind load 1.50 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 1.15 Water Current force 1.00
Water Current force 1.00 Bouyancy 0.15
Bouyancy 0.15

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE

DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+Sis. LL+WCF+DL SEISMIC DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic/Seismic)
Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 0 Dead Load 1
SIDL 0 SIDL 1
Surfacing 0 Surfacing 1
LL 0 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 0 DL Seismic 1
Seismic LL 0
DL Seismic 0
WCF 0
Bouyancy 0
 NO. Combinations Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy 4547.17 510.77 428.78 89.09 8.32
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy 4649.89 556.25 523.01 98.41 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic
3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy 5158.64 720.94 1161.98 123.59 8.32
4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy 5154.66 700.35 1157.56 123.59 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy 5100.10 1016.68 1118.10 175.34 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy 5416.80 998.41 1483.89 175.34 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading) 4268.56 234.72 899.19 45.46 166.99
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading) 3898.80 234.72 899.19 45.46 166.99
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1 4559.55 504.12 409.36 86.25 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2 4662.26 549.61 503.59 95.57 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3 5171.01 714.30 1142.56 120.75 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4 5167.03 693.71 1138.14 120.75 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5 5112.48 1010.04 1098.68 172.50 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6 5429.17 991.76 1464.47 172.50 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load) 4280.94 234.72 899.19 45.46 166.99
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load) 3911.17 234.72 899.19 45.46 166.99
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic) 3001.06 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

 PIER SHAFT DESIGN
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 5100.10 1016.68 1118.10
14 Maximum vertical load case 5429.17 991.76 1464.47
8 Minimum vertical load case 3898.80 234.72 899.19
17 1 Span dislodged case 3001.06 6.64 19.42
Section check at pier base

Diameter of the pier = = 1.5 m

Maximum Height of Pier = = 4.545 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = 6832.64 mm

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 1.77 m
4
Moment of Inertia, I = = 0.25 m
3
Section modulus Z = = 2.65 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
Ecm of concrete = 31000 N/mm2 (From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 38)
2
Es of steel = 200000 N/mm (From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm2
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design yield strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2

Calculation of Slenderness Ratio

Clear height of pier shaft = 4.545 m (upto pier cap Bottom)
Effective length, l e = 1.3l 0 = 5.9085 m (Table 11.1, case-4, IRC:112-2011, page-114)

Effective Length of Column / Least lateral Dimension = 5.9085 / 1.5

3.939 < 12
Short Column
Maximum Moment Case

Pu = 5100.10 KN
MLu = 1016.68 KN-m
MTu = 1118.10 KN-m

The maximum spacing of the bars of vertical bars should be 200mm according to (IRC:112-2011 16.3.1(4), Page no. 174)

1 Design of section longitudinal direction : ( Check for load combination case 5 )

2
Provide 16 mm dia. Bar 34 nos 6832.64 mm
Effective cover = 70 mm
The section is divided into 5 segments. Depth of each = 0.00 mm
2
Total area of steel = 6832.64 mm
% of steel = 0.39
P / fck = 0.013 section about longituidinal (xx) axis -
Pu/(D2*fck) 0.08 d' / D = 0.047 ~ 0.05
so, Mu/(D3*fck) 0.020 fy = 500 As
so, Mux1 = 2025 kN-m use chart no. 59

section about longituidinal (yy) axis -

Pu/(D2*fck) 0.08 d' / D = 0.047 ~ 0.05
so, Mu/(D3*fck) 0.02 fy = 500 As
so, Muy1 = 2025 kN-m use chart no. 59
Interaction check

(MEdx/MRdx)^a+(MEdy/MRdy)^a<= 1 (Eq. 8.3, IRC:112-2011,page-75)

Load Case = L/C -5 L/C -14 L/C -8 L/C -17
MEdx = Design moment in longitudinal direction = KN-m 1016.68 991.8 234.7 6.6
MEdy = Design moment in transeverse direction = KN-m 1118.10 1464.47 899.19 19.42
MRdx = Resisting moment in longitudinal direction = KN-m 2025.00 2025.00 2025.00 2025.00
MRdy = Resisting moment in transeverse direction = KN-m 2025.0 2025.0 2025.0 2025.0
NEd = Design axial force = KN 5100.10 5429.17 3898.80 3001.06
NRd = Design axial resistance = KN 26597.21 26597.21 26597.21 26597.21
NEd/NRd = 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2
Type of cross section of Pier = Circular Circular Circular Circular
a= 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
(MEdx/MRdx)^a+(MEdy/MRdy)^a = 0.56 0.76 0.21 0.00
Check = OK OK OK OK

Minimum Longitudinal Reinforcement

i) Area of steel provided > [Link] (Cl. 16.3.1(4), IRC:112-2011, Page no. 173)
Total area of steel provided = 6832.64 > [Link]
> 424.8 mm2 Safe
Maximum Longitudinal Reinforcement

i) Area of steel provided < [Link] (Cl. 16.3.1(4), IRC:112-2011, Page no. 173)
Total area of steel provided = 6832.64 < [Link]
< 7080 mm2 Safe

Design of Lateral Ties

Dia of Ties not Less than 4 mm Provide 12 mm HYSD Bar

Spacing of Ties Required = 75 mm
Provide 12 mm links @ 75 c/c 2 legged

Minimum Lateral reinforcement

2
i) 0.25 x (Area of Longitudinal Reinforcement) = 1708.16 mm
ii) 0.001 x (Area of Concrete) = 177 mm2
Lateral Reinforcement provided = 3014.4 > 1708.16 mm2 Safe
 LOAD COMBINATION FOR PIER SHAFT BASE (For Serviceability Limit State) (Rare Combination)

Loads V ML MT HL HT
Dead Load 2678.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SIDL 210.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surfacing 111.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/1S) LL1 287.27 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/BS) LL2 353.40 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 686.22 13.72 761.70 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 683.57 0.00 758.76 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 634.16 12.68 732.45 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 845.29 0.50 976.31 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/1S) LL1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/BS) LL2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Braking70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 39.68 603.23 0.00 105.00 0.00
Braking70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 39.68 603.23 0.00 105.00 0.00
Braking70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 56.68 861.75 0.00 150.00 0.00
Braking70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 56.68 861.75 0.00 150.00 0.00
Wind load 123.26 152.05 586.52 28.41 105.78
Water Current force 0.00 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Buoyancy -82.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1
SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1
Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1
LL 1.00 Wind load 1.00 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 0.75 Water Current force 1.00
Water Current force 1.00 Buoyancy 0.15
Buoyancy 0.15

Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu

1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy 3275.96 12.39 292.32 2.84 8.32
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy 3342.09 7.04 355.15 2.84 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic

3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy 3704.67 472.79 781.13 81.59 8.32

4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy 3702.02 459.06 778.18 81.59 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy 3665.36 665.64 751.87 115.34 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy 3876.49 653.46 995.73 115.34 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading) 3111.95 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading) 2865.43 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1 3288.33 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2 3354.46 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3 3717.04 466.14 761.70 78.75 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4 3714.39 452.42 758.76 78.75 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5 3677.73 659.00 732.45 112.50 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6 3888.87 646.81 976.31 112.50 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load) 3124.32 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load) 2877.81 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic) 3001.06 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

 LOAD COMBINATION FOR PIER SHAFT BASE (For Serviceability Limit State) (Quasi Permanent Combination)

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1 Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1
SIDL 1 SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1
Surfacing 1 Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1
LL 0.75 Wind load 1.00 Water Current force 1

Braking LL 0.2 Water Current force

1.00

Water Current force

1.00 Buoyancy
0.15

Buoyancy 0.15

Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu

1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy 3204.14 10.95 224.10 2.84 8.32
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy 3253.74 6.94 271.22 2.84 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic

3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy 3511.29 137.58 590.70 23.84 8.32

4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy 3509.30 127.29 588.49 23.84 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy 3475.65 188.50 568.76 32.84 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy 3634.00 179.37 751.65 32.84 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading) 3111.95 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading) 2865.43 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1 3216.51 4.31 204.68 0.00 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2 3266.11 0.30 251.80 0.00 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3 3523.66 130.94 571.28 21.00 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4 3521.67 120.65 569.07 21.00 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5 3488.02 181.86 549.34 30.00 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6 3646.37 172.73 732.23 30.00 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load) 3124.32 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load) 2877.81 158.69 605.94 31.26 114.10
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic) 3001.06 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

 PIER SHAFT DESIGN
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m) (Rare Combination)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 3665.36 665.64 751.87
14 Maximum vertical load case 3888.87 646.81 976.31
8 Minimum vertical load case 2865.43 158.69 605.94
17 1 Span dislodged case 3001.06 6.64 19.42
Section check at pier base

Diameter of the pier = = 1.5 m

Maximum Height of Pier = = 4.545 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = 6832.64 mm

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 1.77 m
4
Moment of Inertia, I = = 0.25 m
3
Section modulus Z = = 2.65 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
(From table 6.5,
Ecm of concrete = 31000 N/mm2 IRC:112-2011, page
no. 38)
(From clause6.3.5,
Es of steel = 200000 N/mm2 IRC:112-2011, page
no. 32)
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm2

(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no.

32)
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.33333333
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-
120)
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = = 400 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-
120)
2 2
Maximum Resultant moment √(Mx + My ) = 1004.18554 KNm
2
Total reinforcement provided = 6833 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1430 mm
Netral axis depth ,x = 488.81
CG of compressive force = = 162.937 mm from most
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) = compressed surface

So, stress in steel = 116.0 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Total force = 792.5 KN
Stress in concrete = 3.2 Mpa OK, within permissible limit
 PIER SHAFT DESIGN
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m) (Quasi Permanent Combination)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 3475.65 188.50 568.76
14 Maximum vertical load case 3646.37 172.73 732.23
8 Minimum vertical load case 2865.43 158.69 605.94
17 1 Span dislodged case 3001.06 6.64 19.42
Section check at pier base

Diameter of the pier = = 1.50 m

Maximum Height of Pier = = 4.55 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = 6832.64 mm

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 1.77 m
4
Moment of Inertia, I = = 0.25 m
3
Section modulus Z = = 2.65 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
(From table 6.5,
31000 N/mm2 IRC:112-2011, page
Ecm of concrete = no. 38)
(From clause6.3.5,
200000 N/mm2 IRC:112-2011, page
Es of steel = no. 32)
2
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.4 N/mm
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no.
32)
2
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.3333333
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-
120)
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = = 400 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-
120)
2 2
Maximum Resultant moment √(Mx + My ) = 599.185155 KNm
2
Total reinforcement provided = 6832.64 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1430 mm
Neutral axis depth ,x = 488.81 mm
CG of compressive force = = 162.937 mm from most
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) = compressed surface

So, stress in steel = 69.2 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Total force = 472.9 KN
Stress in concrete = 1.9 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Crack width check:

Crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) Where, [Link] = Maximum crack spacing

sm = mean strain in the reinforcement under the relavant combination of loads
cm = mean strain in the concrete between cracks.

Now,
 (Eq. 12.6, IRC:112-2011, page-125)
Where, ssc = stress in the tension reinforcement = 69.21 Mpa
ae = Es/Ecm = 6.45161
[Link] = mean value of tensile strength of concrete = 2.5 Mpa
[Link] = As/[Link] Where, [Link] = Effective area of concrete in tension, surrounding
the reinforcement of depth h [Link]
Where, [Link] = lesser of the followings
2.5(h-d);(h-x/3);or h/2

2=0 x Where, A = level of steel centroid

B = Effective tension area, [Link]
d h
1,2 = greater and lesser tensile strain

[Link]

1
B

So, [Link] = 175 mm

2
[Link] = 262500 mm
Now. [Link] = As/[Link] = 0.026
kt = factor dependant on duration of the load may be taken as 0.5

Now in situations where spacing of bonded reinforcement within the tension zone is reasonably
close (i.e <=5(c+f/2)), the maximum crack spacing,

Where, f = diameter of bar = 16 mm c = clear cover = 62 mm

k1 = co-efficient taking acount of bond properties of reinforcement = 0.8
k2 = co- efficient taking account of distribution of strain = 0.5
So,[Link] = 315.298 mm
And, sm-cm = 6.5616E-05
Minimum value of sm - cm = 0.0002
So, governing value of sm - cm = 0.000208

So, crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) = 0.065 mm

Maximum crack width = 0.3 mm (Table 12.1, IRC:112-2011, page-122)
crack width within permissible limit
 PIER CAP ANALYSIS & DESIGN

7.9 m

1.5 m
1.5 m

3.2 m 3.2 m

0.60 m
0.98 m

0.60 m

deff = 1.15 0 1.5

3.278 m

Lever arm in Transverse Direction a = 3278.00 mm

Overall Depth D = 1200 mm
Clear Cover to main Bar = 50 mm
Effective Depth d = 1150 mm
Width b = 1500 mm

a/d = 2.85 > 1 Design as flexure

Density of Concrete = 25 KN/m3

Section Properties At face of pier At deff

Width b 1.20 1.20 m
Overall depth d 1.20 0.98 m
Cross section area at bearing location 1.44 1.18 m2

Area of cap = 11.85 m2

Zt = 15.6 m3

Self weight of Pier Cap

2.05 24.61 30
15

1.15
3.2 1.5 m 3.2 m
0 m
deff Face of Shaft
At face of
Description Shaft At deff
Weight of Straight portion = 48 30.75 KN
Lever arm from section = 1.6 1.025 m
Torsional eccentricity = 0 0 m

Weight of Tappered portion = 24 9.85 KN

Lever arm from section = 1.067 0.6833333 m
Torsional eccentricity = 0 0 m

Shear force at section = 72 40.6 KN

Moment at section = 102.41 38.25 KNm
Torsional moment= 0 0 KNm
UDL due to Dead Load

7.9 m
Dead Load Reaction = 1966 KN
UDL = 1966 / 7.9 KN/m2
= 248.86 KN/m2

UDL due to SIDL

7.9 m
Reaction = 210.60 KN
UDL = 210.6 / 7.9 KN/m2
= 26.66 KN/m2

UDL due to Surfacing

7.9 m
Reaction = 111.54 KN
UDL = 111.54 / 7.9 KN/m2
= 14.12 KN/m2
UDL due to Live Load
A from Left side
6.54 m 1.36 m
2.05 m 1.15
105.33 72.32 53.8

3.2 0 22.08
deff Face of Shaft
7.9 m
Reaction Left = 686.22 KN
Eccentricity = 0.86 m
P/A = 686.22 / 11.85
57.91
M/Z = 686.22 x 0.86 / 15.6
37.84
Maximum / Minimum value = P/A +- M/Z
Impact Factor = 1.1

Maximum value = 105.33 KN/m2

Minimum value = 22.08 KN/m2

A from Right side

(Same as A from Left Side)
At Face of Pier

Left Span Right Span

Component UDL KN/m UDL KN/m
Superstructure DL 248.86 248.86
SIDL excluding
Surfacing 26.66 26.66
Surfacing 14.12 14.12

UDL due to Live Load of Pier Cap

Left Span Right Span

Component UDL KN/m UDL KN/m
LL maximum
Reaction Case
without impact 95.76 95.76
LL maximum
Reaction Case with
impact 105.33 105.33

Forces at Face of Pier Shaft

Left Span Right Span

Vertical Bending Torsional
Vertical Force Lever arm Lever arm Force Lever arm Lever arm Moment Moment
Component Reaction eT m eL m Reaction eT m eL m KNm KNm
Self Weight of Pier
Cap 72 102.41
Superstructure DL 796.36 1.6 796.35 1.6 1274.18 0
SIDL without
surfacing 85.31 1.6 85.32 1.6 136.52 0
SIDL due to
surfacing 45.19 1.6 45.19 1.6 72.31 0

LL Max. Reaction
Case Rectangular 172.16 1.6 172.16 1.6 275.46 0
LL Max. Reaction
Case Triangular 82.45 2.134 82.45 2.134 175.95 0
LL Max Moment
Case 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
LL with impact
LL Max. Reaction
Case
Design Forces
ULS 1748.46 2846.36 0
SLS Rare 1253.47 2036.83 0
SLS QP 998.86 1585.42 0

Governing Case
ULS 1748.46 2846.36 0
SLS Rare 1253.47 2036.83 0
SLS QP 998.86 1585.42 0
Forces at Deff From Pier Shaft

Left Span Right Span

Vertical Bending Torsional
Vertical Force Lever arm Lever arm Force Lever arm Lever arm Moment Moment
Component Reaction eT m eL m Reaction eT m eL m KNm KNm
Self Weight of Pier
Cap 40.6 38.25
Superstructure DL 510.17 1.025 510.16 1.025 522.93 0
SIDL without
surfacing 54.65 1.025 54.66 1.025 56.03 0
SIDL with surfacing 28.95 1.025 28.95 1.025 29.68 0

LL Max. Reaction
Case Rectangular 148.26 1.025 148.26 1.025 151.97 0

LL Max. Reaction
Case Triangular 33.84 1.367 33.84 1.367 46.26 0
LL Max Moment
Case 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
LL with impact
LL Max. Reaction
Case
Design Forces
ULS 1141.13 1182.52 0
SLS Rare 816.47 845.12 0
SLS QP 634.37 646.89 0

Governing Case
ULS 1141.13 1182.52 0
SLS Rare 816.47 845.12 0
SLS QP 634.37 646.89 0
 PIER CAP DESIGN(ULS)
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)

At pier Face At Deff

Vertical Loads 1748.46 1141.13
Moments 2846.36 1182.52

Section is checked for ULS At pier Face At Deff

Design moment = 1897.58 KN-m 788.35 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1 m 1 m
Depth of section = 1.20 m 0.98 m
"E" value of steel = 200000 Mpa 200000 Mpa
"E" value of concrete = 31000 Mpa 31000 Mpa
Design compressive strength of concrete =
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 Mpa 13.4 Mpa Where, a = 0.67
gm = 1.5
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs 434.790 Mpa 434.79 Mpa Where, gs = 1.15

(Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-

Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 0.0035 38)

(Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-

Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 0.002 38)
Yield strain of steel = 0.87fy/Es = 0.00218 0.00218
Limiting strain of steel = (0.87fy/Es+0.002) = 0.00418 0.00418

Reinforcement provided: 25 mm dia. 25 mm dia.

110 mm c/c distance 110 mm c/c distance
2 2
Total reinforcement provided = 4460 mm 4460 mm
Clear cover = 50 mm 50 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1137.5 mm 917.5 mm
Actual Neutral Axis depth xu = (0.87fyAst )/(0.36fckb )= 179.65 mm 179.65 mm
Actual strain in steel = 0.022 mm 0.018 mm
Stress in steel = 434.790 Mpa 434.790 Mpa
Balanced Neutral Axis depth xu,max = 518.7 mm 418.38 mm
So, Section is under reinforced, ok Section is under reinforced, ok
CG of compressive force = 74.734 mm 74.734 mm from most compressed surface
Moment of resistance, Mu = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =
2060.981 kN-m 1634.343 kN-m
OK OK
CHECK FOR SHEAR IN PIER CAP (Clause 10.3.2, IRC:112-2011, page-88)

Design Shear Force (at deff) = 760.753 KN (for 1m width)

The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement, VRd.c =
0.33
=[0.12K([Link]) +0.15scp]bw.d

Where, K = 1+√(200/d)<=2.0
So, K = 1.419
r1 = Asl/bw.d
2
Where Asl = Area of steel provided = 4460 mm
bw = Width of section = 1000 mm
d= 1137.5 mm

r1 = 0.0039
scp = NEd/Ac < 0.2fcd, where, NEd = Axial compressive force = 0
Ac = Cross Sectional area of concrete
So,VRd.c = 405.98 KN

Now, VRd.c minimum = (nmin+0.15scp)bw.d

3/2 1/2
where nmin = 0.031K fck = 0.287104514
So, VRd.c minimum = 326.581 KN
So, governing shear resistance = 405.98 KN Provide Shear Reinforcement
 PIER CAP DESIGN (SLS)
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m) (Rare Combination)

At pier
Face At Deff
Vertical Loads 1253.47 816.47
Moments 2036.83 845.12

Section is checked for SLS At pier Face At Deff

Design moment = 1357.89 KNm 563.4133 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1m 1m
Depth of section = 1.20 m 0.98 m
2 2
"E" value of steel = 200000.00 N/mm 200000 N/mm
2 2
"E" value of concrete = 31000.00 N/mm 31000 N/mm
Design compressive strength of concrete =
2 2
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 N/mm 13.4 N/mm

2 2
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm 434.79 N/mm
Modular Ratio in Tension = 9.33 9.33
Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 0.0035
Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 0.002
2 2
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = 14.4 N/mm 14.4 N/mm
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
2 2
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = 400 N/mm 400 N/mm
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

2 2
Total reinforcement provided = 4460 mm 4460 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1137.5 mm 917.5 mm
Netral axis depth = x = 322.97 mm 288.20 mm
CG of compressive force = 107.660 mm from most compressed surface
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =

So, stress in steel = 373.8 Mpa 200.7 Mpa

OK, within permissible limit OK, within permissible limit
Total force = 1667.1 KN 895.3 KN
Stress in concrete = 10.3 Mpa 6.2 Mpa
OK, within permissible limit OK, within permissible limit

PIER CAP DESIGN (SLS)

Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m) (QP)

At pier
Face At Deff
Vertical Loads 998.86 634.37
Moments 1585.42 646.89
Section is checked for SLS At pier Face At Deff
Design moment = 1056.95 KNm 431.26 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1m 1m
Depth of section = 1.20 m 0.98 m
2 2
"E" value of steel = 200000.00 N/mm 200000.00 N/mm
2 2
"E" value of concrete = 31000.00 N/mm 31000.00 N/mm
Design compressive strength of concrete =
2 2
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 N/mm 13.40 N/mm

2 2
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm 434.79 N/mm
Modular Ratio in Tension = 9.33 9.33
Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 0.0035
Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 0.002
2 2
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = 14.4 N/mm 14.4 N/mm
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
2 2
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = 400 N/mm 400 N/mm
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

2 2
Total reinforcement provided = 4460 mm 4460 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1137.5 mm 917.5 mm
Netral axis depth = x = 322.97 mm 288.20 mm
CG of compressive force = 107.660 mm from most compressed surface
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =

So, stress in steel = 290.9 Mpa 153.6 Mpa

OK, within permissible limit OK, within permissible limit
Total force = 1297.6 KN 685.3 KN
Stress in concrete = 8.0 Mpa 4.8 Mpa
OK, within permissible limit OK, within permissible limit
Crack width check (At Pier Face)

Crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) Where, [Link] = Maximum crack spacing

sm = mean strain in the reinforcement under the relavant combination of loads
cm = mean strain in the concrete between cracks.

(Eq. 12.6, IRC:112-2011, page-125)

Where, ssc = stress in the tension reinforcement = 290.93 Mpa
ae = Es/Ecm = 6.451613
[Link] = mean value of tensile strength of concrete = 2.5 Mpa
[Link] = As/[Link] Where, [Link] = Effective area of concrete in tension, surrounding
the reinforcement of depth h [Link]
Where, [Link] = lesser of the followings
2.5(h-d);(h-x/3);or h/2
 2=0 x Where, A = level of steel centroid
B = Effective tension area, [Link]
d h  , = greater and lesser tensile strain
1 2

[Link]

1
B

So, [Link] = 156.25 mm

2
[Link] = 156250 mm
Now. [Link] = As/[Link] = 0.028545
kt = factor dependant on duration of the load may be taken as 0.5

Now in situations where spacing of bonded reinforcement within the tension zone is reasonably
close (i.e <=5(c+f/2)), the maximum crack spacing,

Where, f = diameter of bar = 12 mm c = clear cover = 50 mm

k1 = co-efficient taking acount of bond properties of reinforcement = 0.8
k2 = co- efficient taking account of distribution of strain = 0.5
So,[Link] = 241.465 mm
And, sm-cm = 0.001195
Minimum value of sm - cm = 0.000873
So, governing value of sm - cm = 0.001195

So, crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) = 0.289 mm

Maximum crack width = 0.3 mm (Table 12.1, IRC:112-2011, page-122)
crack width within permissible limit
 LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION BASE (For Ultimate Limit State)

Loads V ML MT HL HT
Dead Load 2813.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SIDL 210.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surfacing 111.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/1S) LL1 287.27 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/BS) LL2 353.40 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 686.22 13.72 761.70 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 683.57 0.00 758.76 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 634.16 12.68 732.45 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 845.29 0.50 976.31 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/1S) LL1 28.34 430.88 0 75.00 0
BrakingClass A(1L/BS) LL2 31.40 477.41 0 83.10 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Dead Load Seismic 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth fill Weight 162.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Wind load 123.26 0.00 536.79 0.00 0.00
Water Current force 0.00 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Buoyant force -116.64 0 0 0 0

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1 Dead Load 1 Dead Load 1
SIDL 1 SIDL 1 SIDL 1
Surfacing 1 Surfacing 1 Surfacing 1
LL 1 Wind load 1 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 1 Water Current force 1 Earth fill Weight 1
Water Current force 1 Earth fill Weight 1
Buoyancy 1
Earth fill Weight 1
A HFL / DRY CONDITION A ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+Sis. LL+WCF+DL SEISMIC DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic/Seismic)
Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 0 Dead Load 1
SIDL 0 SIDL 1
Surfacing 0 Surfacing 1
LL 0 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 0 DL Seismic 1
Seismic LL 0 Earth fill Weight 1
DL Seismic 0
WCF 0
Buoyancy 0

Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu

1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3497.14 443.26 292.32 77.84 8.32
L Condition
on Seismic
 2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3566.33 484.45 355.15 85.94 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic
3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3907.43 623.59 781.13 107.84 8.32
4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3904.78 609.87 778.18 107.84 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3872.38 881.08 751.87 152.84 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 4083.51 868.89 995.73 152.84 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3304.79 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3058.28 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+Earthfill 3613.78 436.62 272.90 75.00 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+Earthfill 3682.97 477.80 335.73 83.10 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+Earthfill 4024.07 616.95 761.70 105.00 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+Earthfill 4021.42 603.23 758.76 105.00 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+Earthfill 3989.02 874.43 732.45 150.00 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+Earthfill 4200.15 862.25 976.31 150.00 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load)+Earthfill 3421.43 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load)+Earthfill 3174.92 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic)+Earthfill 3298.17 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

 FOUNDATION DESIGN
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 3872.38 881.08 751.87
14 Maximum vertical load case 4200.15 862.25 976.31
8 Minimum vertical load case 3058.28 6.64 556.21
17 1 Span dislodged case 3298.17 6.64 19.42
Dimension of foundation
Width in Longitudinal Direction = = 5.40 m
Length in Transverse Direction = = 5.40 m

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 29.16 m
3
Section modulus ZL = 26.25 m
3
Section modulus ZT = 26.25 m
Allowable Base Pressure at Founding Lvl. = 25 T/m2
Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
Ecm of concrete = 31000 N/mm2 (From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 38)
Es of steel = 200000 N/mm2 (From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm2
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.33
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48f ck = = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8f yk = = 400 Mpa
5.40 m (Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

A C

GL GL

Traffic Direction
Pier
5.40

1.50 m
2.5 m
1.50 1.8 m
0.6 m
B D 1.8 1.8 1.2

2.7 m

Base Pressure 5.40 m

𝐴=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 Traffic Direction

_𝑇

𝐵=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 D= 70.6

_𝑇
A = 214.08
𝐶=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
_𝑇
𝐷=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/
𝑍_𝑇

Load Case A (KN/M^2) B (KN/M^2) C (KN/M^2) D (KN/M^2)

5 195.01 127.88 137.72 70.59
14 214.08 148.39 139.7 74
8 126.33 125.82 83.95 83.44
17 114.1 113.6 112.62 112.12

Max. Pressure Normal Condition = 21.408 T/m2 < 25 T/m2 SAFE

Min. Pressure Normal Condition = 7.059 T/m2
 LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION BASE (For Ultimate Limit State)

Loads V ML MT HL HT
Dead Load 2813.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SIDL 210.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surfacing 111.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/1S) LL1 287.27 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/BS) LL2 353.40 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 686.22 13.72 761.70 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 683.57 0.00 758.76 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 634.16 12.68 732.45 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 845.29 0.50 976.31 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/1S) LL1 28.34 430.88 0 75.00 0
BrakingClass A(1L/BS) LL2 31.40 477.41 0 83.10 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Dead Load Seismic 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth fill Weight 162.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Wind load 123.26 0.00 536.79 0.00 0.00
Water Current force 0.00 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Buoyant force -116.64 0 0 0 0

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1.35 Dead Load 1.35 Dead Load 1.35
SIDL 1.35 SIDL 1.35 SIDL 1.35
Surfacing 1.75 Surfacing 1.75 Surfacing 1.75
LL 1.50 Wind load 1.50 Water Current force 1.00
Braking LL 1.15 Water Current force 1.15 Earth fill Weight 1.00
Water Current force 1.00 Earth fill Weight 1.00
Buoyancy 0.15
Earth fill Weight 1.50
A HFL / DRY CONDITION A ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+Sis. LL+WCF+DL SEISMIC DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic/Seismic)
Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 0 Dead Load 1.00
SIDL 0 SIDL 1.00
Surfacing 0 Surfacing 1.00
LL 0 Water Current force 1.00
Braking LL 0 DL Seismic 1.00
Seismic LL 0 Earth fill Weight 1.00
DL Seismic 0
WCF 0
Buoyancy 0
 Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 4967.46 510.77 428.78 89.09 8.32
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 5070.18 556.25 523.01 98.41 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic
3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 5578.93 720.94 1161.98 123.59 8.32
4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 5574.95 700.35 1157.56 123.59 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 5520.39 1016.68 1118.10 175.34 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 5837.09 998.41 1483.89 175.34 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading)+Earthfill 4688.86 7.64 827.52 3.27 9.56
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading)+Earthfill 4319.09 7.64 827.52 3.27 9.56
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+Earthfill 4984.96 504.12 409.36 86.25 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+Earthfill 5087.68 549.61 503.59 95.57 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+Earthfill 5596.43 714.30 1142.56 120.75 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+Earthfill 5592.45 693.71 1138.14 120.75 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+Earthfill 5537.89 1010.04 1098.68 172.50 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+Earthfill 5854.59 991.76 1464.47 172.50 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load)+Earthfill 4706.35 7.64 827.52 3.27 9.56
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load)+Earthfill 4336.58 7.64 827.52 3.27 9.56
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic)+Earthfill 3379.23 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

 FOUNDATION DESIGN
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 5520.39 1016.68 1118.10 175.34 8.32
14 Maximum vertical load case 5854.59 991.76 1464.47 172.50 0.00
8 Minimum vertical load case 4319.09 7.64 827.52 3.27 9.56
17 1 Span dislodged case 3379.23 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Dimension of foundation
Width in Longitudinal Direction = = 5.40 m
Length in Transverse Direction = = 5.40 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = mm

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 29.16 m
3
Section modulus ZL = 26.25 m
3
Section modulus ZT = 26.25 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
Ecm of concrete = 31000 N/mm2 (From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 38)
Es of steel = 200000 N/mm2 (From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
2
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.3333333
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035

Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48f ck = = 14.4 Mpa

(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)

Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8f yk = = 400 Mpa

5.40 m (Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

A C B

GL GL

Traffic Direction
Pier
5.40 0.15

def= 1.112 1.50 1.112

3 m
1.8
0.6 0.23
C D 1.8 1.8 1.2 m

2.7 m 0.6

Base Pressure 1.95 5.40 1.95

𝐴=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 Traffic Direction

_𝑇

𝐵=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 P6
_𝑇
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
𝐶=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
_𝑇

𝐷=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/
𝑍_𝑇
 C D
A B (KN/M^ (KN/M^2
Load Case (KN/M^2) (KN/M^2) 2) )
Max Min
P1 P6 P2 P3 P4 P5
5 270.64 193.18 185.46 107.99 249.92 211.91 166.73 128.72
14 294.35 218.79 182.77 107.21 270.51 226.78 174.79 131.06
8 179.94 179.36 116.89 116.31 171.84 156.97 139.29 124.42
17 116.88 116.38 115.4 114.9 116.63 116.17 115.62 115.16

Unit Weight of Conrete in foundation = 25 KN/m2

2
Unit Weight of Earthfill above foundation = 20 KN/m

Bending Moment & Shear Force

A&C Face B&D Face
Load Case BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff
5 374.48 363.95 54.69 154.17 139.68 275.86 26.01 72.51
14 413.95 401.57 60.05 169.4 143.8 300.2 27.05 75.19
8 224.7 221.95 34.22 96.11 132.84 187.49 23 65.21
17 118.91 120.69 19.91 55.42 116.05 119.63 19.57 56.14

Section is checked for ULS

Design moment = 413.95 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1 m
Depth of section = 1.2 m
"E" value of steel = 200000 Mpa
"E" value of concrete = 31000 Mpa
Design compressive strength of concrete =
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 Mpa Where, a = 0.67
gm = 1.5
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.790 Mpa Where, gs = 1.15
Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Yield strain of steel = 0.87fy/Es = 0.00218
Limiting strain of steel = (0.87fy/Es+0.002) = 0.00418

Reinforcement provided: 16 mm dia.

200 mm c/c distance
2
Total reinforcement provided = 1005 mm
Clear cover = 80 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1112 mm
Actual Neutral Axis depth xu = (0.87fyAst )/(0.36fckb )= 40.47 mm
Actual strain in steel = 0.096 mm
Stress in steel = 434.790 Mpa
Balanced Neutral Axis depth xu,max = 507.072 mm
So, Section is under reinforced, ok
CG of compressive force = 16.836 mm from most compressed surface
Moment of resistance, Mu = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =
478.452 kN-m OK

CHECK FOR SHEAR IN FOUNDATION (Clause 10.3.2, IRC:112-2011, page-88)

Design Shear Force (at deff) = 169.400 KN

The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement, VRd.c =
=[0.12K([Link])0.33+0.15scp]bw.d

Where, K = 1+√(200/d)<=2.0
So, K = 1.424
r1 = Asl/bw.d
2
Where Asl = Area of steel provided = 1005 mm
bw = Width of section = 1000 mm
d= 1112 mm
r1 = 0.0009
scp = NEd/Ac < 0.2fcd, where, NEd = Axial compressive force = 0
Ac = Cross Sectional area of concrete
scp = 0
So,VRd.c = 245.34 KN

Now, VRd.c minimum = (nmin+0.15scp)bw.d

where nmin = 0.031K3/2fck1/2 = 0.288556
So, VRd.c minimum = 320.875 KN
So, governing shear resistance = 320.87 KN OK, Safe in shear
 LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION BASE (For Serviceability Limit State) (Rare Combination)

Loads V ML MT HL HT
Dead Load 2813.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SIDL 210.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Surfacing 111.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/1S) LL1 287.27 5.75 272.90 0.00 0.00
Class A(1L/BS) LL2 353.40 0.39 335.73 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 686.22 13.72 761.70 0.00 0.00
70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 683.57 0.00 758.76 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 634.16 12.68 732.45 0.00 0.00
70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 845.29 0.50 976.31 0.00 0.00
BrakingClass A(1L/1S) LL1 28.34 430.88 0 75.00 0
BrakingClass A(1L/BS) LL2 31.40 477.41 0 83.10 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/1S) LL3 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Tr.(1L/BS) LL4 39.68 603.23 0 105.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/1S) LL5 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Braking70R Wh.(1L/BS) LL6 56.68 861.75 0 150.00 0
Earth fill Weight 162.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Wind load 123.26 0.00 536.79 0.00 0.00
Water Current force 2.84 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Buoyant force -116.64 0 0 0 0

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1
SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1
Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1
LL 1.00 Wind load 1.00 Water Current force 1
Braking LL 0.75 Water Current force 1.00 Earth fill Weight 1.00
Water Current force 1.00 Buoyancy 0.15
Buoyancy 0.15 Earth fill Weight 1.00
Earth fill Weight 1.00
 Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3592.05 335.54 292.32 59.09 8.32
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3660.47 365.09 355.15 65.17 8.32
HFL Condition
Non Seismic
3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3999.50 472.79 781.13 81.59 8.32
4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3996.85 459.06 778.18 81.59 8.32
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3960.19 665.64 751.87 115.34 8.32
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 4171.32 653.46 995.73 115.34 8.32
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3406.78 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3160.27 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+Earthfill 3606.70 328.90 272.90 56.25 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+Earthfill 3675.12 358.45 335.73 62.33 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+Earthfill 4014.15 466.14 761.70 78.75 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+Earthfill 4011.50 452.42 758.76 78.75 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+Earthfill 3974.84 659.00 732.45 112.50 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+Earthfill 4185.98 646.81 976.31 112.50 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load)+Earthfill 3424.27 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load)+Earthfill 3177.76 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic) 3138.91 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32

LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION BASE (For Serviceability Limit State) (Quasi Permanent Combination)

NON-SEISMIC CASE

A HFL / DRY CONDITION B HFL / DRY CONDITION WIND C ONE SPAN DISLODGED CASE
DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL+Br. LL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+/-WL+WCF DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF
Loads FOS Loads FOS Loads FOS
Dead Load 1 Dead Load 1.00 Dead Load 1
SIDL 1 SIDL 1.00 SIDL 1
Surfacing 1 Surfacing 1.00 Surfacing 1
LL 0 Wind load 0.00 Water Current force 0

Braking LL 0 Water Current force

0.00 Earth fill Weight
1.00

Water Current force

0.00 Buoyancy
0.15

Buoyancy 0.15 Earth fill Weight 1.00

Earth fill Weight 1.00
Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
1 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
HFL Condition
Non Seismic

3 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

4 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+WCF+Bouyancy+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL+WCF +Bouyancy(Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 DL+SIDL+Surfacing-WL+WCF+Bouyancy (Wind Leading)+Earthfill 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL1+Braking LL1+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL2+Braking LL2+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DRY Condition
Non Seismic

11 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL3+Braking LL3+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

12 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL4+Braking LL4+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
13 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL5+Braking LL5+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
14 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+LL6+Braking LL6+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
15 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WL(Wind Load)+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
16 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+ (-)WL (Wind Load)+Earthfill 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
dislodged
Span

17 DL+SIDL+Surfacing+WCF (Non-seismic) 3136.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

 FOUNDATION DESIGN SLS (RARE COMBINATION)
Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
5 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 3960.19 665.64 751.87 115.34 8.32
14 Maximum vertical load case 4185.98 646.81 976.31 112.50 0.00
8 Minimum vertical load case 3160.27 6.64 556.21 2.84 8.32
17 1 Span dislodged case 3138.91 6.64 19.42 2.84 8.32
Dimension of foundation
Width in Longitudinal Direction = = 5.40 m
Length in Transverse Direction = = 5.40 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = 1005 mm

Sectional Properties of Pier

2
Area of section a = = 29.16 m
3
Section modulus ZL = 26.25 m
3
Section modulus ZT = 26.25 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
2
(From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page
Ecm of concrete = 31000 N/mm no. 38)
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011,
N/mm2
Es of steel = 200000 page no. 32)
2
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.3333333
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035

Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = = 14.4 Mpa

(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)

Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = = 400 Mpa

5.40 m (Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

A C B

GL GL

Traffic Direction
Pier
5.40 0.15 2.501
m
def= 1.112 1.50 1.112

1.8
0.6 0.23
C D 1.8 1.8 1.2
m
2.7 m 0.6

Base Pressure 1.95 5.40 1.95

𝐴=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 Traffic Direction

_𝑇

𝐵=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍 P6
_𝑇
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
𝐶=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
_𝑇
𝐷=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/
𝑍_𝑇
𝐷=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/
𝑍_𝑇

C D
A B (KN/M^ (KN/M^2
Load Case (KN/M^2) (KN/M^2) 2) )
Max Min
P1 P6 P2 P3 P4 P5
5 189.81 139.1 132.53 81.81 176.05 150.81 120.81 95.57
14 205.39 156.11 131 81.72 189.64 160.74 126.38 97.48
8 129.82 129.32 87.45 86.94 124.36 114.34 102.43 92.41
17 108.64 108.14 107.16 106.66 108.39 107.93 107.38 106.92

Unit Weight of Conrete in foundation = 25 KN/m2

2
Unit Weight of Earthfill above foundation = 20 KN/m

Bending Moment & Shear Force

A&C Face B&D Face
Load Case BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff
5 233.3 225.57 36.11 100.95 77.4 167.07 17.06 47.3
14 259.34 250.44 39.64 110.98 80.82 183.45 17.83 49.31
8 134.15 131.52 22.56 62.53 72.25 108.31 15 42.28
17 103.24 104.62 17.96 49.75 100.39 103.56 17.62 50.47

Section is checked for SLS

Design moment = 259.34 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1 m
Depth of section = 1.2 m
"E" value of steel = 200000 Mpa
"E" value of concrete = 31000 Mpa
Design compressive strength of concrete =
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 Mpa Where, a = 0.67
gm = 1.5
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.790 Mpa Where, gs = 1.15
Modular Ratio in Tension = 9.333
Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = 400 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

2
Total reinforcement provided = 1005 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1112 mm
Netral axis depth = x = 234.19
CG of compressive force = 78.060 mm from most compressed surface
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =

So, stress in steel = 294.0 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Total force = 295.4 KN
Stress in concrete = 2.5 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

FOUNDATION DESIGN SLS (QUASI PERMANENT COMBINATION)

Total Ultimate Loads (Loads in KN, moments in KN-m)
Load Case Vu MLu MTu HLu Htu
1 Maximum longitudinal Moment case 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 Maximum vertical load case 3298.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 Minimum vertical load case 3280.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
17 1 Span dislodged case 3136.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dimension of foundation
Width in Longitudinal Direction = = 5.40 m
Length in Transverse Direction = = 5.40 m
2
Area of Steel Provided = As = 1005 mm
 Sectional Properties of Pier
2
Area of section a = = 29.16 m
3
Section modulus ZL = 26.25 m
3
Section modulus ZT = 26.25 m

Grade of concrete : M 30
Grade of steel = Fe 500
(From table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page
31000 N/mm2
Ecm of concrete = no. 38)
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011,
200000 N/mm2
Es of steel = page no. 32)
Design compressive strength of concrete = sc = fcd = afck/gm = 13.400 N/mm2
(From clause6.3.5, IRC:112-2011, page no. 32)
Design yield strength of steel fy/gs = 434.79 N/mm2
Modular ratio in tension = = 9.3333333
a
Concrete failure strain = = 0.0035
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
b
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = = 400 Mpa
5.40 m (Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

A C B

GL GL

Pier
5.40 0.15

def= 1.112 1.50 1.112

2.501
1.8
0.6 0.23
C D 1.8 1.8 1.2

2.7 m 0.6

Base Pressure 1.95 5.40 1.95

𝐴=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
Traffic Direction
_𝑇

𝐵=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 +𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
_𝑇 P6
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
𝐶=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/𝑍
_𝑇
𝐷=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀_𝐿/𝑍_𝐿 −𝑀_𝑇/
𝑍_𝑇

C D
A B (KN/M^ (KN/M^2
Load Case (KN/M^2) (KN/M^2) 2) )
Max Min
P1 P6 P2 P3 P4 P5
So, total1load for punching
112.51 shear
112.51
= Load112.51 112.51shaft+
from abutment 112.51 112.51
Wt. within reduced112.51 112.51
control perimeter
9 113.11 113.11 113.11 113.11 113.11 113.11 113.11 113.11
1 112.51 112.51 112.51 112.51 112.51 112.51 112.51 112.51
17 107.55 107.55 107.55 107.55 107.55 107.55 107.55 107.55

Unit Weight of Conrete in foundation = 25 KN/m2

2
Unit Weight of Earthfill above foundation = 20 KN/m
 Bending Moment & Shear Force
A&C Face B&D Face
Load Case BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff BM Face SF Face BM Deff SF Deff
1 111.05 112.86 18.9 52.5 111.05 112.86 18.9 54.22
9 112.19 114.03 19.04 52.91 112.19 114.03 19.04 54.64
1 111.05 112.86 18.9 52.5 111.05 112.86 18.9 54.22
17 101.62 103.19 17.72 49.09 101.62 103.19 17.72 50.81

Section is checked for SLS

Design moment = 20.78 KN-m (for 1m width)
Width of section = 1 m
Depth of section = 1.2 m
"E" value of steel = 200000 Mpa
"E" value of concrete = 31000 Mpa
Design compressive strength of concrete =
fcd=afck/gm = 13.40 Mpa Where, a = 0.67
gm = 1.5
Design peak strength of steel = fy/gs = 434.790 Mpa Where, gs = 1.15
Modular Ratio in Tenssion = 9.333
Concrete failure strain = Ôcu1 = 0.0035 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Concrete limiting strain = Ôc2 = 0.002 (Table 6.5, IRC:112-2011, page-38)
Maximum allowable stress in concrete = 0.48fck = 14.4 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.1(1), IRC:112-2011, page-120)
Maximum allowable stress in steel = 0.8fyk = 400 Mpa
(Clause 12.2.2, IRC:112-2011, page-120)

2
Total reinforcement provided = 1005 mm
Effective depth "d" = 1112 mm
Netral axis depth = x = 234.19
CG of compressive force = 78.060 mm from most compressed surface
Now moment, M = (Stress in steel)x(area of steel)x(d-CG of compressive force) =

So, stress in steel = 20.0 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Total force = 20.1 KN
Stress in concrete = 0.2 Mpa OK, within permissible limit

Crack width check:

Crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) Where, [Link] = Maximum crack spacing

sm = mean strain in the reinforcement under the relavant combination of loads
cm = mean strain in the concrete between cracks.

Now,

(Eq. 12.6, IRC:112-2011, page-125)

Where, ssc = stress in the tension reinforcement = 20.00 Mpa
ae = Es/Ecm = 6.451613
[Link] = mean value of tensile strength of concrete = 2.5 Mpa
[Link] = As/[Link] Where, [Link] = Effective area of concrete in tension, surrounding
the reinforcement of depth h [Link]
Where, [Link] = lesser of the followings
2.5(h-d);(h-x/3);or h/2

2=0 x
Where, A = level of steel centroid
d h B = Effective tension area, [Link]
1,2 = greater and lesser tensile strain

[Link]

1
B
 So, [Link] = 220 mm
2
[Link] = 220000 mm
Now. [Link] = As/[Link] = 0.00457
kt = factor dependant on duration of the load may be taken as 0.5

Now in situations where spacing of bonded reinforcement within the tension zone is reasonably
close (i.e <=5(c+f/2)), the maximum crack spacing,

Where, f = diameter of bar = 16 mm c = clear cover = 80 mm

k1 = co-efficient taking acount of bond properties of reinforcement = 0.8
k2 = co- efficient taking account of distribution of strain = 0.5
So,[Link] = 867.541 mm
And, sm-cm = -0.00131
Minimum value of sm - cm = 6E-05
So, governing value of sm - cm = 0.000060

So, crack width, Wk = [Link](sm-cm) = 0.052 mm

Maximum crack width = 0.3 mm (Table 12.1, IRC:112-2011, page-122)
crack width within permissible limit
 Bar Bending Schedule for 1 pier
[Link] Total Length
[Link]. Bar Details Bar mark Shape Diameter Spacing Length Unit Wt Toal Wt
Bars Of bars
300

5800
1 Pier Shaft Main bar P1 16 6400 34 217.6 1.578 343.3728

300

1400
2 Pier Shaft tie bars P2 12 75 8856 40 354.24 0.888 314.5651

Dia
300

300
3 Pier Cap Bottom P3 20 100 8564 15 128.46 2.466 316.7824
3100 3100

1700
300

300
4 Pier Cap Top P4 32 100 7864 15 117.96 6.313 744.6815

7800

Pier Cap Outer Surface both

600

600

5 P5 12 200 9064 12 108.768 0.888 96.58598

sides

1400
VER.

VER.

6 Pier Cap Ring P6 12 150 5120 52 266.24 0.888 236.4211

1400
1900

3100 3100
7 Pier Raft Top both ways P7 20 125 8764 43 376.852 2.466 929.317
300

300

8 Pier raft corner both ways P8 20 125 5260 87 457.62 2.466 1128.491
5260
300

300

9 Pier raft Both Ways P9 25 125 5924 87 515.388 3.853 1985.79

5260
400
300

10 Pier Cap walls P10 900 16 125 2032 24 48.768 1.578 76.9559

400

11 Pier Cap walls(t) P11 12 125 1400 26 36.4 0.888 32.3232

1400
wt in kg 6205.286

wt in tonn per pier 6.205286