Presented by
Dr. Amrita Sinha
Topics to be covered
Ø Three phase 2-pole Induction motor
Ø Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic field
Ø Mathematical interpretation of Rotating Magnetic field
Ø Speed of rotating magnetic field
Ø Direction of magnetic field rotation and phase sequence
REPRESENTATION OF 2-POLE 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
Axis of
phase B
R R
Y’ B’ Y’ B’
Axis of
phase R
B Y B Y
R’ Axis of
phase Y
R’
3-phase 2-pole Induction machine Magnetic Axis for 3-phase 2-pole Induction machine
(a) (b)
Clockwise Rotation of magnetic Field
Input phase sequence RYB
(a) (b)
N
Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic Field
At ωt = 300 ,
IR= Imsin300, IY = Im sin 2700, IB = Im sin1500
or, IR= 0.5Im, IY = -Im, IB = 0.5Im
or, mmf α [Im+ 2(0.5Imcos600 )]
or, mmf B 1.5 Im
(a) R
S B’
Y’
R 600
600
Y’ B’
B Y B
Y
R’
N R’ (c)
(b)
Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic Field
At ωt = 900 ,
IR= Imsin900, IY = Im sin 3300, IB = Im sin2100
or, IR= Im, IY = -0.5Im, IB = -0.5Im
or, mmf α [Im+ 2(0.5Imcos600 )]
or, mmf B 1.5 Im
(a)
R
R Y’ B’
Y’ B’ 600
N S 600
B Y
R’ B
Y
R’ (c)
(b)
Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic Field
At ωt = 1500 ,
IR= Imsin1500, IY = Im sin300, IB = Im sin2700
or, IR= 0.5Im, IY = 0.5Im, IB = -Im
or, mmf α [Im+ 2(0.5Imcos600 )]
or, mmf B 1.5 Im
(a) R
N
Y’ B’
R
Y’ B’
600
B 600
Y B
Y
R’
R’ (c)
S
(b)
Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic Field
At ωt = 2100 ,
IR= Imsin2100, IY = Im sin900, IB = Im sin3300
or, IR= -0.5Im, IY = Im, IB = -0.5Im
9:, ;;< α [Im+ 2(0.5Imcos600 )]
9:, mmf A 1.5 Im
(a)
N R
R Y’ B’
Y’ B’
B Y
600
R’ B 600 Y
R’
S
(c)
(b)
2-Pole & 4-Pole Induction Machine
R R
Y’ B’
Y’ B’ B Y
B R’ B R’
B Y Y B
B’ Y’
R’ R
Magnetic Axis for 2-pole machine Magnetic Axis for 4-pole machine
(a) (b)
4-Pole Induction Machine
R
Y’ B’
B N Y
S
R’ B R’
S
Y B
N
B’ Y’
R
(a)
(b)
Mathematical Interpretation of Rotating Magnetic Field
Exciting/stator balanced currents Respective MMF’s
A. = A0 12356 -. = -0 1234 12356
A7 = A0 123(56 − 120< ) -7 = -0 123 4 − 120 < 123(56 − 120< )
A? = A0 123(56 − 240< ) -? = -0 123 4 + 120 < 123(56 + 120< )
1 1
-. = -0 123 4 − 56 + -0 123 4 + 56
2 2
1 1 1 1
-7 = -0 123 4 − 1200 − (56 − 1200 ) + -0 123 4 − 1200 + 56 − 1200 = -0 123 4 − 56 + -0 123 4 + 56 − 2400
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
-? = -0 123 4 + 1200 − (56 + 1200 ) + -0 123 4 + 120 + 56 + 120 = -0 123 4 − 56 + -0 123 4 + 56 + 2400
0 0
2 2 2 2
X Z
OP3QR6ST6 UU-, -W = -. + -7 + -? = -0 123 4 − 56 + -0 {123 4 + 56 + 123 4 + 56 − 2400 + 123 4 + 56 + 2400 }
Y Y
X Z
-W = -0 123 4 − 56 + -0 {123 4 + 56 + 123 4 + 56 + 1200 + 123 4 + 56 − 1200 }
Y Y
3
_ℎPaPb2aP, OP3QR6ST6 -W = - 123 4 − 56 \3, [123 4 + 56 + 123 4 + 56 + 1200 + 123 4 + 56 − 1200 = 0]
2 0
3
_ℎPaPb2aP, OP3QR6ST6 -W aPdaP3PT63 S 6aSePRRfTg hhb 2b i2T36ST6 hSgTf6QjP -
2 0
Synchronous speed of magnetic Field
The total angular span of one pole pair is referred to as N
4-pole Machine
electrical angle = 2π = θ S
The total angular span of one rotation is referred to as B S
mechanical angle = θm N
For a 2-pole machine θ = θm
For a 4-pole machine θ = θm/2
For a P-pole machine θ = (P/2)θm
S
Differentiating w.r.t ω = (P/2)ωm
R
2-pole Machine
2πf = (P/2) 2π N/60 Y’ B’
f = PN/120 B Y
N = 120f/P R’
N is synchronous speed, hence denoted by Ns = 120f/P N
Anti-Clockwise Rotation of magnetic Field
Input phase sequence RBY
(a) (b)
N
Conclusion
Ø Three-phase 2-pole & 4-pole induction motor
Ø Graphical representation of Rotating Magnetic field
Ø Mathematical interpretation of Rotating Magnetic field
Ø Speed of rotating magnetic field
Ø Magnetic field rotation depends on input phase sequence