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Mutual Coupling Reduction between Microstrip Patch Antennas by Using a
String of H-Shaped DGS
Conference Paper · January 2016
DOI: 10.1109/MicroCom.2016.7522477
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Mutual Coupling Reduction between Microstrip
Patch Antennas by Using a String of H-Shaped DGS
Juin Acharjee Kaushik Mandal Sujit Kumar Mandal Partha Pratim Sarkar
NSHM Knowledge Campus, Academy of Technology, NIT Durgapur, DETS, Kalyani University
Durgapur, India Hooghly, India Durgapur, India, Kalyani, India
[Link]@[Link] kaushikrpe@[Link] skmandal2006@[Link] parthabe91@[Link]
Abstract—In this paper a novel structure is proposed to
reduce the mutual coupling between two coplanar microstrip
antennas which resonates at the same frequency band. A simple
string of H-shaped DGS is placed in between two antennas to
reduce the mutual coupling. Simulated result shows that the
reduction of mutual coupling up to 50dB is achieved without
affecting the radiation behavior of the antennas.
Keywords—DGS; Mutual Coupling(MC);Microstrip antenna.
I. INTRODUCTION
Mutual coupling is an unavoidable phenomenon in
multiantenna systems, which degrade the system performance.
In antenna array system when two antennas are placed close to
each other interaction takes place between them. This not only
increases the transmission coefficient but also distorting the
radiation pattern, and deteriorates the signal plus interference Fig 1. Schematic diagram of proposed antenna structure with parameters: L=
to noise ratio. So to the designer of antenna array, multiple 29 mm, W=29 mm, L1=6.2 mm, W1=3.21mm, W2=18.2 mm, and W3= 0.9
input multiple output (MIMO) system, and diversity antenna mm.
system reduction of mutual coupling (MC) is a major issue.
Several methods have been proposed to reduce mutual distance). A 68 x 38 mm2 FR4 substrate with permittivity (εr)
coupling between nearly placed antennas. Introduction of 4.4 and 1.6mm thickness (h) is used for designing this
eelectromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure [1], slotted antenna. The schematic diagram of proposed antenna
meandered line resonators [2], placing split ring resonators integrated with DGS is shown in Fig. 1. When two similar
(FSRRs) between patches [3]-[4], and introduction of slot U- dimensions patches are placed equally at the same distance in
shaped microstrip section [5] are few proposed methods. two sides from the origin, coupling happens between them.
Moreover mutual coupling can be reduced by introducing This coupling can be canceled out by proper perturbation of
different shaped DGS [6]-[7] between microstrip antennas.
direct coupling path. By embedding a string of H-shaped DGS
In this paper a simple string of H-shaped DGS is between the two antenna elements, coupling can be reduced
introduced between two antennas to reduce the mutual by adjusting the length and width of the DGS. Different
coupling. Without degrading the other performance of the parameters of the proposed antenna are finalized after a good
antenna, mutual coupling is reduced by 50dB which is largest number of simulations. The simulations have been performed
in compare to the proposed design in [1] to [7]. Due to the using Method of Moments (MOM) based IE3D
introduction of this DGS the mutual coupling is reduced which Electromagnetic simulator.
totally covers the operating bandwidth of the antenna. The
design approach of proposed antenna with DGS, results and III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
conclusions are explained in section II,III and IV respectively.
Different parameters and the position of H-shaped DGS
II. ANTENNA CONFIGURATION have been optimized with some parametric study. Fig. 2 shows
A simple two-element structure resonating at 2.4 GHz has that the string of H-shaped DGS produces a stop band from
been designed. The length (L) and width (W) of the microstrip 2.13GHz to 2.74 GHz. The DGS also reduces mutual coupling
antenna is 29 mm and 29 mm respectively. The antenna at 2.4 GHz when it is placed in between two antenna elements.
elements are placed at very close distance 0.3λ (feed to feed
978-1-4673-6621-2/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE
Embedding the DGS in a suitable position determines the stop
band characteristic as well as the order of MC reduction.
Fig. 4. Simulated S-parameters with and without (W/O) H-shaped DGS.
Fig. 2. Simulated transmission characteristic (S21) of the H-shaped DGS. The E-plane radiation patterns of the antenna are shown in
Fig. 5. The radiation patterns show that the presence of DGS
does not degrade the pattern in the broadside direction.
(a)
Fig. 3. Stop band characteristic variation with the position of H-shaped DGS.
This is summarized in the Fig. 3. When the position of DGS is
symmetrical about the two antenna elements, it provides best
result. With the vertical upwards and downwards movement of
DGS perturbation of direct coupling path is reducing and that
reflects in this result.
Fig. 4 shows the simulated S-parameters vs. frequency graph
of the proposed antenna. When two patches are placed at equal
distance from the origin their individual reflection coefficient
characteristics (S11) does not changes significantly. Due to
coupling between two patches the transmission characteristics
(S21) at the operating band which is centered at 2.4 GHz is
-20dB. By using a string of simple H-shaped DGS in between
the patches at the optimized position, the coupling is
significantly reduced and S21 at the operating bandwidth which (b)
is centered at 2.4 GHz becomes -70 dB. It can be seen that at Fig. 5. Simulated radiation pattern (a) without (W/O) DGS and (b) with DGS.
2.4 GHz the MC has been reduced by 50 dB which is largest
in compare to the proposed design in [1] to [7]. Over the
frequency band 2.3 - 2.4 GHz the MC is adequately low.
IV. CONCLUSION [3] A. Habashi, J. Nourinia, and C. Ghobadi, “Mutual Coupling Reduction
Between Very Closely Spaced Patch Antennas Using Low-Profile Folded
A single frequency microstrip patch antenna with reduced Split-Ring Resonators (FSRRs),” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett.,
MC at the resonating frequency is proposed. A very simple but vol. 10, pp. 862-865, 2011.
efficient technique is adopted in this paper to reduce the MC. [4] M. M. B-Suwailam, O. F. Siddiqui, , and O. M. Ramahi, “Mutual
Coupling Reduction between Microstrip Patch Antennas Using Slotted-
A very simple string of H-shaped DGS is used between the Complementary Split-Ring Resonators,” IEEE Antennas Wireless
antenna elements which are placed at very close distance 0.3λ. Propag. Lett., vol. 9, pp. 876-878 2010.
A great level of MC reduction up to 50 dB has been achieved. [5] S. Farsi, H. Aliakbarian,, D. Schreurs, B. Nauwelaers, and G. A. E.
The introduction of DGS does not degrade the radiation Vandenbosch, “Mutual Coupling Reduction Between Planar Antennas by
Using a Simple Microstrip U-Section,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag.
pattern of the antenna. Lett., vol. 11,pp.1501-1503, 2012.
[6] J. Ou-Yang, F. Yang, and Z. M. Wang, “Reducing Mutual Coupling of
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