Package ‘Ryacas’

January 7, 2020
Version 1.1.2
Title R Interface to the 'Yacas' Computer Algebra System
Maintainer Mikkel Meyer Andersen <mikl@[Link]>
Encoding UTF-8
Description Interface to the 'yacas' computer algebra system (<[Link]
Depends R (>= 3.3.0)
Imports Rcpp (>= 0.12.0), stats, methods, magrittr
LinkingTo Rcpp
Suggests devtools, exams, knitr, Matrix, pkgload, rmarkdown, igraph,
testthat, unix, Rmpfr
License GPL
SystemRequirements C++11

URL [Link] [Link]

BugReports [Link]
RoxygenNote 7.0.2
VignetteBuilder knitr
NeedsCompilation yes
Author Mikkel Meyer Andersen [aut, cre, cph],
Rob Goedman [aut, cph],
Gabor Grothendieck [aut, cph],
Søren Højsgaard [aut, cph],
Grzegorz Mazur [aut, cph],
Ayal Pinkus [aut, cph],
Nemanja Trifunovic [cph] (UTF-8 part of yacas
(src/yacas/include/yacas/utf8*))
Repository CRAN
Date/Publication 2020-01-07 09:50:02 UTC

1
2 R topics documented:

R topics documented:
Ryacas-package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
[Link].yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
as_r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
as_y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
cbind.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
deriv.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
diag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
diag<- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Hessian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
integrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Jacobian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
lim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
[Link] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Math.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Ops.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
prod.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
rbind.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
simplify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
solve.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
sum.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
tex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
[Link] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
with_value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
yac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
yac_assign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
yac_cli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
yac_expr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
yac_silent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
yac_str . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ysym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ysym_ls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
y_fn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
y_print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
y_rmvars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
[.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
[<-.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
[[.yac_symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
%*% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Index 23
Ryacas-package 3

Ryacas-package R interface to yacas computer algebra package

Description
Ryacas allows one to use the yacas computer algebra package entirely from within R.

Details
Please read the "Getting started" vignette.

[Link].yac_symbol
Convert yac symbol to character

Description
Convert yac symbol to character

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
[Link](x, ...)

Arguments
x A yac_symbol
... not used

as_r Convert yacas object to R

Description
If x is a yacas command as string, convert to a character vector/matrix in R. If x is a yac_symbol
(e.g. from ysym()), then convert it to a numeric object if there are no variables or a character type
if there are variables.

Usage
as_r(x)
4 cbind.yac_symbol

Arguments
x yacas list or list of lists to convert

Details
In yacas a vector is a list, and a matrix is a list of lists.

as_y Convert R vector/matrix to yacas vector (list) or matrix (list of lists)

Description
Convert R vector/matrix to yacas vector (list) or matrix (list of lists)

Usage
as_y(x)

Arguments
x R vector to convert

cbind.yac_symbol Combine R Objects by Columns

Description
Combine R Objects by Columns

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
cbind(..., [Link] = 1)

Arguments
... Objects to bind
[Link] Not used
deriv.yac_symbol 5

deriv.yac_symbol Find the derivative of yac symbol

Description

Find the derivative of yac symbol

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

deriv(expr, ...)

Arguments

expr A yac_symbol
... variables as character vector to take derivate with respect to

diag Matrix diagonals

Description

From base::diag().

Usage

diag(x, ...)

Arguments

x If yac_symbol treat as such, else call base::diag().

... further arguments passed to base::diag()
6 Hessian

diag<- Matrix diagonals

Description

From base::diag().

Usage

diag(x) <- value

Arguments

x If yac_symbol treat as such, else call base::diag<-().

value New value for diag(x)

Hessian Find the Hessian matrix of yac symbol

Description

Find the Hessian matrix of yac symbol

Usage

Hessian(expr, ...)

Arguments

expr A yac_symbol
... variables as character vector to take Hessian with respect to
integrate 7

integrate Integration of Functions

Description

If f is a yac_symbol, yacas’s Integrate() is used. Else, stats::integrate() is used.

Usage

integrate(f, ...)

Arguments

f Function to integrate. See details.

... See details.

Details

Additional arguments:

• yac_symbol: var, lower, upper

• Else (stats::integrate()): lower, upper

Jacobian Find the Jacobian matrix of yac symbol

Description

Find the Jacobian matrix of yac symbol

Usage

Jacobian(expr, ...)

Arguments

expr A yac_symbol
... variables as character vector to take Jacobian with respect to
8 [Link]

lim Limits

Description

If first argument is a yac_symbol, yacas’s Limit() is used.

Usage

lim(...)

Arguments

... See details.

Details

Arguments:

• yac_symbol: f, var, val, from_left, from_right

[Link] Lower and upper triangular part of a matrix

Description

Lower and upper triangular part of a matrix

Usage

[Link](x, diag = FALSE)

Arguments

x If yac_symbol treat as such, else call base::[Link]()/base::[Link]().

diag Whether diagonal is included.
Math.yac_symbol 9

Math.yac_symbol Math functions

Description

Math functions

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

Math(x, ...)

Arguments

x yac_symbol.
... further arguments passed to methods

Ops.yac_symbol Math operators

Description

Math operators

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

Ops(e1, e2)

Arguments

e1 A yac_symbol.
e2 A yac_symbol.
10 rbind.yac_symbol

prod.yac_symbol Product of Vector Elements

Description

Product of Vector Elements

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

prod(expr, ..., [Link] = FALSE)

Arguments

expr Expression to be multiplied

... Not used
[Link] Not used

rbind.yac_symbol Combine R Objects by Rows

Description

Combine R Objects by Rows

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

rbind(..., [Link] = 1)

Arguments

... Objects to bind

[Link] Not used
simplify 11

simplify Simplify expression

Description
Simplify expression

Usage
simplify(x, timeout = 2)

Arguments
x A yac_symbol
timeout timeout in seconds before simplification is aborted; only works when package
unix is available

solve.yac_symbol Solve a system of equations

Description
This generic function solves the equation $a x = b$ for $x$.

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
solve(a, b, ...)

Arguments
a A yac_symbol
b A yac_symbol or a value, see details and examples.
... See details and examples.

Details
When a is a matrix and b not provided, this finds the inverse of a. When a is a matrix and a vector
b is provided, the linear system of equations is solved.
Note that solving non-linear equations:
• solve(a,b): find roots of a for variable b, i.e. yacas Solve(a == 0,b)
• solve(a,b,v): find solutions to a == b for variable v, i.e. yacas Solve(a == b,v)
This also works for a system of equations (when a is a vector)
12 sum.yac_symbol

Examples
A <- outer(0:3, 1:4, "-") + diag(2:5)
a <- 1:4
B <- ysym(A)
b <- ysym(a)
solve(A)
solve(B)
solve(A, a)
solve(B, b)

poly <- ysym("x^2 - x - 6")

solve(poly, "x") # Solve(poly == 0, x)
solve(poly, 3, "x") # Solve(poly == 3, x)

sum.yac_symbol Summation

Description

If only expr given: sum elements.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'

sum(expr, var, lower, upper, ..., [Link] = FALSE)

Arguments

expr Expression to be summed

var Variable to sum
lower Lower limit
upper Upper limit
... Not used
[Link] Not used

Details

Else: sums expr by letting var taking values from lower to upper (potentially Inf)
t 13

t t

Description
t

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
t(x)

Arguments
x If yac_symbol treat as such, else call base::t().

tex Export object to TeX

Description
Export object to TeX

Usage
tex(x)

Arguments
x A yac_symbol

[Link] Lower and upper triangular part of a matrix

Description
Lower and upper triangular part of a matrix

Usage
[Link](x, diag = FALSE)

Arguments
x If yac_symbol treat as such, else call base::[Link]()/base::[Link]().
diag Whether diagonal is included.
14 yac

with_value Give a variable a value

Description
Give a variable a value

Usage
with_value(x, var, val)

Arguments
x yac_symbol
var Variable
val Value

yac Run yacas command

Description
Run yacas command

Usage
yac(x, rettype = c("str", "expr", "silent"))

Arguments
x yacas command
rettype str for string/character, expr for expression, silent for silent

Examples
yac("D(x) x^2 + 4*x")
yac("D(x) x^2 + 4*x", rettype = "str")
yac("D(x) x^2 + 4*x", rettype = "expr")
yac("D(x) x^2 + 4*x", rettype = "silent")
yac_assign 15

yac_assign Assign yacas variable

Description
Assign yacas variable

Usage
yac_assign(value, x)

Arguments
value Expression
x Variable name

yac_cli yacas command line interface

Description
Interactive interface to the yacas

Usage
yac_cli(enable_history = TRUE)

Arguments
enable_history Use R history such that previous yacas commands can be used. Default is TRUE.

Details
The user types valid yacas input and presses return. Type ’quit’ to return to R prompt.

Value
Output of yacas is returned.

Note
Note that command will use R history() and modify it by default. Yacas is given a limited amount
of time to complete, otherwise \[1\] CommandLine(1) : User interrupted calculation is returned. E.g.
Taylor(x,0,5) 1/(1+x) will work, but Taylor(x,0,12) 1/(1+x) is likely to take too long.
16 yac_expr

References

[Link]

Examples

## Not run:
yac_cli()
(x+y)^3-(x-y)^3
Simplify(%)
q

## End(Not run)

yac_expr Run yacas command returning R expression

Description

Run yacas command returning R expression

Usage

yac_expr(x)

Arguments

x yacas command

Examples

yac_expr("D(x) x^2 + 4*x")

yac_expr("Limit(x, 1) (x^2 - 1)/(x - 1)")
yac_expr("Sum(n, 1, Infinity, (1/2)^n)")
yac_expr("Fibonacci(10)")
yac_expr("Sum(n, 1, 10, Fibonacci(n))")
yac_silent 17

yac_silent Run yacas command silently

Description

Run yacas command silently

Usage

yac_silent(x)

Arguments

x yacas command

yac_str Run yacas command returning string/character

Description

Run yacas command returning string/character

Usage

yac_str(x)

Arguments

x yacas command

Examples
yac_str("D(x) x^2 + 4*x")
yac_str("Limit(x, 1) (x^2 - 1)/(x - 1)")
yac_str("Sum(n, 1, Infinity, (1/2)^n)")
yac_str("Fibonacci(10)")
yac_str("Sum(n, 1, 10, Fibonacci(n))")
yac_str("TeXForm(x^2 - 1)")
18 ysym

yac_symbol Make a yacas symbol

Description

This is an alias for ysym(). See description there.

Usage

yac_symbol(x)

Arguments

x A vector or a matrix

Value

A yac_symbol

ysym Make a yacas symbol

Description

Note that this results in multiple calls to yacas and the performance may be slower than manually
using e.g. yac_str().

Usage

ysym(x)

Arguments

x A vector or a matrix

Value

A yac_symbol
ysym_ls 19

ysym_ls List defined yac_symbols

Description
List defined yac_symbols

Usage
ysym_ls(print_details = FALSE)

Arguments
print_details print content of symbols

y_fn Prepare simple yacas call

Description
Prepare simple yacas call

Usage
y_fn(x, fn, ...)

Arguments
x parameter to function fn
fn function with parameter x
... additional arguments to fn

Examples
y_fn("x^2 - 1", "TeXForm")
yac_str(y_fn("x^2 - 1", "TeXForm"))

y_fn("x^2 - 1", "Factor")

yac_str(y_fn("x^2 - 1", "Factor"))

cmd <- "x^2 - 1 == 0" %>% y_fn("Solve", "x")

cmd
sol <- yac_str(cmd)
sol
yac_str(y_rmvars(sol))
20 y_rmvars

y_print Pretty print yacas strings

Description
Pretty print yacas strings

Usage
y_print(x)

Arguments
x yacas string, e.g. a matrix

Examples
A <- diag(4)
Ayac <- as_y(A)
y_print(Ayac)

B <- A
B[2, 2] <- "-t"
Byac <- as_y(B)
Byac
y_print(Byac)

y_rmvars Remove/strip variable names

Description
This only builds a yacas command. You need to also call yac_str(), yac_expr() or similar. This
is the reason that it does not call yacas: it depends on how you want it returned (string, expression).

Usage
y_rmvars(x)

Arguments
x yacas command
[.yac_symbol 21

Examples
cmd <- "{x == 2, y == 4}"
yac_str(cmd)
yac_str(y_rmvars(cmd))

[.yac_symbol Extract or replace parts of an object

Description
Extract or replace parts of an object

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
x[i, j]

Arguments
x A yac_symbol.
i row indices specifying elements to extract or replace
j column indices specifying elements to extract or replace

[<-.yac_symbol Extract or replace parts of an object

Description
Extract or replace parts of an object

Usage
## S3 replacement method for class 'yac_symbol'
x[i, j] <- value

Arguments
x A yac_symbol.
i row indices specifying elements to extract or replace
j column indices specifying elements to extract or replace
value the value to replace x[i,j] by
22 %*%

[[.yac_symbol Extract parts of an object

Description
Extract parts of an object

Usage
## S3 method for class 'yac_symbol'
x[[i]]

Arguments
x A yac_symbol.
i indices specifying elements to extract

%*% Matrix multiplication

Description
Matrix multiplication

Usage
x %*% y

Arguments
x A yac_symbol
y A yac_symbol
Index

∗Topic programming simplify, 11

Ryacas-package, 3 solve.yac_symbol, 11
∗Topic symbolmath stats::integrate(), 7
yac_cli, 15 sum.yac_symbol, 12
[.yac_symbol, 21
[<-.yac_symbol, 21 t, 13
[[.yac_symbol, 22 tex, 13
%*%, 22
[Link], 13
[Link].yac_symbol, 3
with_value, 14
as_r, 3
as_y, 4 y_fn, 19
y_print, 20
base::diag(), 5, 6
y_rmvars, 20
base::[Link](), 8, 13
yac, 14
base::t(), 13
yac_assign, 15
base::[Link](), 8, 13
yac_cli, 15
yac_expr, 16
cbind.yac_symbol, 4
yac_expr(), 20
deriv.yac_symbol, 5 yac_silent, 17
diag, 5 yac_str, 17
diag<-, 6 yac_str(), 18, 20
yac_symbol, 7, 8, 18
Hessian, 6 ysym, 18
ysym(), 3, 18
integrate, 7 ysym_ls, 19

Jacobian, 7

lim, 8
[Link], 8

Math.yac_symbol, 9

Ops.yac_symbol, 9

prod.yac_symbol, 10

rbind.yac_symbol, 10
Ryacas-package, 3

23