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Maxwell Needle Experiment Procedure

This experiment aims to determine the modulus of rigidity of a wire using a Maxwell needle apparatus. The apparatus includes a Maxwell needle suspended by a wire, along with solid and hollow cylinders. Measurements are taken of the period of oscillation with the cylinders arranged both inside and outside the needle. These values along with other parameters like the wire length and cylinder masses are input into a formula to calculate the modulus of rigidity. Observations are recorded for 10, 20, and 30 oscillations at each cylinder arrangement.

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242 views3 pages

Maxwell Needle Experiment Procedure

This experiment aims to determine the modulus of rigidity of a wire using a Maxwell needle apparatus. The apparatus includes a Maxwell needle suspended by a wire, along with solid and hollow cylinders. Measurements are taken of the period of oscillation with the cylinders arranged both inside and outside the needle. These values along with other parameters like the wire length and cylinder masses are input into a formula to calculate the modulus of rigidity. Observations are recorded for 10, 20, and 30 oscillations at each cylinder arrangement.

Uploaded by

Haroon
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EXPERIMENT # 12

OBJECTIVE:

APPARATUS:
Maxwell needle, stop watch, screw gauge, meter scale.

Theory: Diagram:
Modulus of rigidity:
Modulus of rigidity is the coefficient of elasticity for a shearing force it is defined as;

“The ratio of shear stress to the displacement per unit original length”

4 πl ( M S−M H ) L2
Modulus of rigidity = η=
(T 12 −T 22 )r 4

Where,

l = Length of wire

M S = Mass of solid cylinder

M H = Mass of hollow cylinder

L = Length of micro needle

r = Radius of wire

T = Time period for oscillation

Elastic constant:
If stress on a body is not too great then the ratio of stress to the strain remains constant which
is called modulus of elasticity.

Stress
Modulus of elasticity =
Strain

Its units are N /m2.


Procedure:
1. Measure the length of wire using meter scale through which the Maxwell needle is
hanged. This will give you value of l .

2. Measure the length of Maxwell needle using meter scale. This will give you value of L.

3. Measure the mass of both solid cylinders & do its half, this will provide the value of
MH .

4. Find out the least count screw gauge & zero error in it.

5. Using screw gauge, measure the diameter of wire. It’s give the value of radius of wire.

6. Find the least count of stop watch.

7. Now put the hallow cylinder at inside & solid cylinder at outside of the Maxwell
needle. Oscillate it in horizontal plane about vertical axis. Note the time for 10, 20 & 30
oscillations. Dive the time with no. of oscillations & find its mean. This will provide the
value ofT 1.

8. Now put the solid cylinder at inside & hallow cylinder at outside of the Maxwell
needle. Oscillate it in horizontal plane about vertical axis .Note the time for 10, 20 & 30
oscillations. Dive the time with no. of oscillations & find its mean. This will provide the
value ofT 2.

4 πl ( M S−M H ) L2
η=
(T 12 −T 22 )r 4

9. Put all the value in given formula & solve it.

Observations:
Diameter = D = 1.22 cm.

Radius = D/2 = 0.061 cm = 6.1x10-4 m.

Length of wire =l = 89 cm = 0.89 m.

Length of micro needle = L = 20.5 cm = 0.25 m


Number of Time, when solid Time Time, when hollow Time Modulus of
Period period
Sr. vibration cylinder place (sec) cylinder place rigidity
# outside outside (sec)
4 πl ( M S−M H ) L2
η=
(T 12 −T 22 )r 4

t1 t2 Mean T1 t1 t2 Mean T2
t t
67.5 6.75 48.2 47.9 48.1 4.81
1. 10 67 68
133 6.65 96 96 96 4.8
2. 20 130 136
202.5 6.75 144 145 144.5 4.81
3. 30 199 206

Calculations: Graph:

RESULT:

PRECAUTIONS:

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