The maximum number of cars per hour is 28,000 cars.

This is not equal to 33,000, because the amount of cars arriving at a node is limited by
the amount leaving that node.

At node 2 15,000 cars per hour can arrive, but only 12,000 cars per hour can leave that
node. The inflow at node 2 is actually capped at 12,000 cars per hour. A similar
situation occurs at node 5, where the theoretical maximum inflow is 20,000 cars per
hour, but the maximum outflow is only 16,000 cars per hour.
Finally, the capacity of the three roads to the interstate is only 31,000 (16+7+8) cars per
hour, so at least one of these roads will have to be expanded to meet the 33,000
requirement.

The diagram shows the maximum possible flow marked in red. In this diagram the amount of cars
leaving node 1 per hour is equal to the amount of cars arriving at node 8 per hour, 28,000.

12
12 0 5 16
0 2
12 0 16
4
15 0
8
10 6 7
1 12 0 6 0 7 0
3 6 8
0
6 5
6 0
2 1
5 5 5
4
0 4 7 8
4 0

2.

Increase to 33,000
An increase in capacity of 6,000 cars per hour has to be realized. When doing this, we
have to look for roads with unused capacity, and find out how which changes can be
made to use this capacity:

The flow 1-3-5 in the diagram could handle 2,000 extra cars per hour, if the capacity of
5-8 would be higher. Therefore, the capacity of road 5-8 should be increased with 2,000
cars per hour.

The flow 4-6-7-8 has an unused capacity of 3,000 extra cars per hour, if the capacity of
1-4 would be higher. Therefore, the capacity of road 1-4 should be increased with 3,000
cars per hour. 2.

Increase to 33,000

The new situation is the following:

12
12 0 5 18
0 2
12 0 18
6
15 0
8
12 6 7
1 12 0 6 0 7 0
3 6 8
0
9 5
9 0
5 4
5 5 8
4
0 4 7 8
4 0

A chart will be presented seperatly as an attachment

Increase to 35,000

In the situation there are still 2 roads with unused capacity: 1-2 and 3-5

To use this capacity, road 5-8 has to be expanded further to 20,000 cars per hour, and
either road 2-5 has to be increased to 14,000 or road 1-3 to 14,000 cars per hour.
However, expanding road 2-5 makes it possible to increase the capacity to 36,000 and
is therefore the best solution. The new situation with a capacity of 36,000 with:
  Expansion of road 5-8 from 16,000 to 21,000
 Expansion of road 1-4 from 6,000 to 9,000
 Expansion of road 2-5 from 12,000 to 15,000
Increase to 35,000

The new situation is the following:

15
15 0 5 21
0 2
15 0 21
6
15 0
8
12 6 7
1 12 0 6 0 7 0
3 6 8
0
9 5
9 0
5 4
5 5 8
4
0 4 7 8
4 0