Chapter 1
“GOOD DAY, WE ARE GROUP 2 AND WE ARE GOING TO PRESENT THE PROPOSED
DESIGN FOR 100 MW COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT LOCATED AT PANDAN, EL
NIDO, PALAWAN.
- The country’s economic growth is dependent on the availability of energy. Since the demand is
constantly increasing, energy is imperative for the process of economic development where some
industrial plants require high energy consumption for their production. Energy is produce by
utilization of natural resources; it can be either renewable or non-renewable energy. Electricity is
coupled for sustainable development and growth of an economy.
Philippines is a promising economy, when it comes to energy use and conventional fuels,
which is oil and gas, are the main source for the demand of energy. Based on the 2011
Philippines primary energy consumption, the consumption of oil was 31%, coal was 20%,
geothermal was 22%, biomass was 12%, hydro was 6%, and other renewable energy like biofuel,
solar and wind, was 1%. However, in terms of generation of electricity, the demand in electricity
for geothermal is 41.4%, coal is 28%, hydro is 11.4%, natural gas is 15% and for biofuel, solar
and wind is 0.1%. In power generation in terms of mounted capacity, 63.2% is Hydro,
geothermal is 35.1%, biomass is 1.1%, wind is 0.6% and solar is 0.1%.
CURRENT ENERGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
*Yung 2016 vs 2017 Electricity Sales and Consumption
Tas are ang explanation don
- Moreover, electricity consumption in the Philippines increased according to Department
of Energy to 94,370 GWh and the total peak demand was recorded 3% higher than in 2016, from
13, 272 MW it increased to 13,789 MW in 2017. However, in terms of installed capacity, the
total power supply, increased by 6.1% from 21,425 MW to 22,730. To the country’s supply base
in 2017, new capacities were added, a total of 835 MW which include 1MW of hydropower, 77
MW of oil-based, 127 MW of solar, and 630 MW of coal-fired. Nonetheless, in terms of share
by grid, 392 MW or 47% is contributed by Luzon, 337 MW or 40% by Mindanao and 106 MW
or 3% by Visayas.
- Philippines, according to the types of fuels being used, has different types of power
plant, source of power can be a renewable and non-renewable. A renewable power source plant
comprises Wind Power Plant, Geothermal Power Plant, Biomass Power Plant, Solar/Photovoltaic
Power Plant, and Hydroelectric Power Plant Solar/Photovoltaic Power Plant. However, taking
into account of plants that uses Oil, Natural gas, Diesel, Coal and Oil it considers as non-
renewable power source.
Rationale
Palawan is known for its beautiful nature. It has a total area of 5,656.29 square miles and it has
23 municipalities and 367 barangays. Although, tourists can enjoy untouched sceneries in
Palawan without demanding for the need in electricity, business owners and residents are having
crisis in power that mainland deficiently experienced. However, some areas in the province
experience power interruptions where they implement rotational blackouts that at times last as
ten hours. Palawan is not connected to national grid and from the diesel fuel transported from the
other countries they just depend on.
----KULANG PA NG REASON
This brings up the proposed design project, 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant for ease of
electricity transmission to the target area to be supplied. This design project focuses on the
design of a combined cycle power plant. This will be located in Pandan E;l Nido Palawan. The
designated location is chosen because the source of fuel, which is the natural gas, is taken from
Malampaya natural gas pipeline that snakes its way from off shore plant to the area of Batangas
and also the area is almost beach sides and but the development of the plant will be ensured to be
environmental friendly and will comply as much as possible to the laws implemented in the area.
THE NATURAL GAS WILL BE COLLECTED FROM THE MALAMPAYA NATURAL GAS
PIPELINE WHICH SERVES AS THE MAIN FUEL SOURCE OF THE PROPOSED POWER
PLANT.
(INSERT PIC OF MALAMPAYA GAS PIPELINE)
A combined cycle power plants are highly efficient, reliable, cost-effective and
environmentally friendly solutions to generate energy. To increase the overall efficiency of
electric power plants, multiple processes can be combined to recover and utilize the residual heat
energy in hot exhaust gases. Distinctively, a combined-cycle power plant uses both a gas and a
steam turbine or combining of multiple thermodynamic cycles to generate power, where gas
turbine generates electricity while the waste heat from the gas turbine is used to make steam to
generate additional electricity by means of a steam turbine.
LOAD SURVEY!
(INSERT TABLE 1)
This table shows the corresponding number and type of target consumers under in the areas
covered by the proposed 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant. BASED ON THE TABLE 1,
THE TOTAL CONSUMERS DISTRIBUTED BY PALECO IS 119 320
(INSERT TABLE 2)
The data on table 2 shows the corresponding energy sales in every municipalities covered
by the 100 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant. The main contributor on energy sales is the Narra
which is about 45,460.07 MWh, while Cagayancillo Island has the lowest energy sales, 306.44
MWh. The total energy sales of the 8 municipalities is 91,164.97 MWh.
LOAD PROJECTION
This table shows the calculations in obtaining the projected load demand for the next
consecutive years. The total local demand in 2018 taken from Palawan Electric Cooperative, Inc.
will be multiplied to the system loss which is 11.40%, and then the system loss will be added to
the said local demand. The sum of it will be multiply to the demand annual average growth rate,
9.17% or equivalent to 1.0917 based from the DOE.
Based on the table, the projected load demand was started from 2018 up to 2027. The
table shows that the 100MW Combined Cycle Power Plant will reach its limit in supplying local
demand in year 2028. Additional equipment will be needed in the said year due to the higher
load demand of the customer.
CHAPTER 2
(FEELING MATALINO DAPAT TAYO DITO!)
The main thrust of the project is to design a combined cycle power plant which has a plant
capacity of 100 MW located at El Nido, Palawan. Specifically, this study aims to:
(INSERT MGA OBJECTIVESSSS!)
To increase the overall efficiency of power plants, a combined cycle power plant can be
established by utilizing the residual heat energy produced in the exhaust of the power plant. This
produces more electricity and creates more power compared to a traditional cycle plant.
Di ko na alam kung pano dadagdagan HAAHAHA ADLIB nalang. Matalino naman tayo!
Chapter 3
Overview
A combined cycle power plant, also called combined cycle gas turbine is a plant which
generates electricity using a gas turbine generator and recovers the waste heat to produce a steam
that can be used as an additional source of power.
Working principle
A COMBINDED CYCLE POWER PLANT USES BOTH A GAS AND A STEAM
TURBINE TOGETEHER TO PRODUCE 50 PERCENT MORE ELECTRICITY FROM THE
SAME FUEL THAN A TRADITIONAL SIMPLE CYCLE PLANT. THE WASTE HEAT
FROM THE GAS TURBINE IS ROUTED TO THE NEARBY STEAM TURBINE WHICH
GENERATES EXTRA POWER.
IN THE PROPOSED PROJECT OF 100MW COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT,
Equipment Used in Combined Cycle Power Plant ( wala ako matagtag, lahat importante,
SURE PASS)
a) Gas Turbine
The gas turbine is an essential component in establishing power plant. It is used to
transform a combustible fuel into a usable mechanical energy.
b) Steam Turbine
This type of turbine is driven by a superheated steam, the exhaust gas from the gas
turbine is utilized on the heat recovery steam generator to heat the circulating water and
transformed it into superheated steam.
A combustion chamber is a space of the combustion engine where the ignition is
done.
Air Compressor
The air compressor is the provider of vast amount of pressurized-air to the engine. It
compresses the air and supply the engine to easily combust when mixing with fuel.
Heat Recovery Steam Generator
A heat recovery steam turbine is a connection between gas turbine and steam turbine. It
recovers heat from the exhaust gas of turbine and utilized it to heat and transform flowing
purified water in tubes into steam.
c) Condenser
A steam condenser is a device used to convert the low pressured steam released on the
turbine into condensed water.
g) Pump
The pump is essentially used to conveyed liquid from a source into a desired
distance.
h) Flash tank
The flash tank acts as separator of condensate and the flash steam. It helps in
reducing the pressure of steam and allows the high-pressure to condensate.
TAS ANG SUNOD EH FUEL USED
In our proposed design project 100 MW combined cycle power plant, we used natural
gas. Natural gas is usually used to power a combined cycle power plant, although other fuels
such as synthetic gas, coal and fuel oil can be used.
In our proposed design project, we consider three design
option to be evaluated.
Design option 1. (insert pic nalang nung deisgn tas TS DIAGRAM) tas ididscuss ni vince.
THE FIGURES PRESENTED IN THE SLIDE ARE THE SCHEMATIC AND THE T-S
DIAGRAM OF DESIGN NUMBER 1. DESIGN OPTION NO. 1 USES THE COMBINATION
OF BRAYTON CYCLE FOR THE GAS TURBINE AND SINGLE STAGE REGENERATIVE
CYCE FOR THE STEAM TURBINE. REGENERATIVE CYCLE SETUPS ARE KNOWN TO
INCREASE THE OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER PLANT.
---DATAS PRESENTED ARE THE SPECIFICATION OF THE MAJOR EQUIPMENTS
USED IN THE COMBINED CYCLE
---AFTER CACULATION OF THE PARAMETERS AND VALUES, DESIGN NO. 1
HARNESSSED AN OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF 56.92%
as insert spec ng mga equipment. ( COPY PASTE LANG)
Tas summary of calculations, nakatable. ( YUNG MGA EFFICIENCY )
DESIGN 2 AND 3 GANON DIN !!!
CHAPTER 4444444.!!!
Bahala na. HAHAHAHAH ANG HABA inaantaok na ako! GHAHAHAHAH
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the economic analysis of the design options for the proposed 100
MW Combined Cycle Power Plant including the capital expenses, operating expenses, and the
total project cost. The Net Present Value, Payback Period and Rate of Investment will also be
presented.
1. Land Costs
The plant location is at El Nido, Palawan. It has a total land area of 3 hectares.
2. Mechanical Equipment and I&C Supply and Installation
This includes the gas turbine, steam turbine, generators, pumps, condensers, electrical
transformers, switchgear, motor, control centers, switchyards, distributed control systems (DCS)
and instrumentation and electrical commodities such as wire, cable tray and lighting.
3. Civil and Structural Costs
It consists of the allowance for site preparation including clearings, roads, drainage, underground
utilities, installation, concrete for the foundations, pilling material, structural steel supply and
installation and buildings. Building cost is approximately 33% of the equipment cost based on
the “Power Plant Theory and Theory” written by Potter.
4. Electrical Costs
Electrical cost is assumed to be 20% of the equipment costs.
5. Cost of the Owner
It consists of the development costs, preliminary feasibility and engineering studies,
environmental studies and permitting, legal fees, project management, insurance costs,
infrastructure connection cost and the contingency of the owner and property taxes during
construction. It is assumed to be 10% of the equipment cost.
According to Rajput book entitled “Power System Engineering”, the useful life of a typical
power plant has a range of 25-30 years. The salvage value is assumed to be 5% of the capital
expenditures.
Design option 1.
Pwede naming siguro itable o nakasummary nalang para mas maliit.
YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 1.
Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)
Annual Revenue $ 147,113,147.2
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,004,044.092
Net Present Value $ 841,009,586.5
Payback Period 2 years
Rate of Return 48.35505674%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $1,160,384,197
YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 2.
Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)
Annual Revenue $ 135,315,228.3
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,076,152.575
Net Present Value $ 774,784,865.6
Payback Period 2
Rate of Return 44.61246335%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $1,066,576,716
YUNG SA DESIGN OPTION 3.
Economic Indicators ANNUAL COST ($)
Annual Revenue $ 81, 801,775.12
Annual Plant Depreciation $ 5,333,771.758
Net Present Value $ 41,304,740
Payback Period 16.5
Rate of Return 5.721973254%
Sensitivity Analysis (Net Present Value) $141,163,266.2
TABLE-MASTER LOUIE
THIS TABLE SHOW THE PROJECT SCHEDULE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PROPOSED COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT. THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
WILL BE CONDUCTED ON THE YEAR 2019. THE OVER ALL PERMITING ACTIVITIES,
DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN AND DESIGN REVIEW WILL BE CONDUCTED
STARTING FROM THE 3RD QUARTER OF 2019 UNTIL THE 2 ND QUARTER OF 2022.
CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION REVIEW WILL BE DONE STARTING FROM
THE 4TH QUARTER OF 2020 UNTIL THE 2ND QUARTER OF 2023. SYNCHRONIZATION
AND POWER PLANT TESTING WILL BE CONDUCTED STARTING FROM THE 3 RD
QUARTER OF 2023 UNTIL 2ND QUARTER OF 2025.