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Peak Runoff and Time of Concentration Analysis

This document contains 3 problems related to hydrology calculations: 1. Calculating the peak runoff rate from a watershed with an area of 730 acres and a 10-hour unit hydrograph. 2. Determining the time of concentration for an urbanized watershed with various surfaces totaling 1500 feet in length. 3. Computing the composite curve number for a 450-acre drainage basin containing different land covers classified in hydrologic soil group C.

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Ramon Ang
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18 views3 pages

Peak Runoff and Time of Concentration Analysis

This document contains 3 problems related to hydrology calculations: 1. Calculating the peak runoff rate from a watershed with an area of 730 acres and a 10-hour unit hydrograph. 2. Determining the time of concentration for an urbanized watershed with various surfaces totaling 1500 feet in length. 3. Computing the composite curve number for a 450-acre drainage basin containing different land covers classified in hydrologic soil group C.

Uploaded by

Ramon Ang
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Problem Set 24

1. Peak Runoff Hydrograph - problem 9 as example (page 76)


2. Time of concentration - problem 10 page 76 as example
3. Composite curve number

Problem 1. Peak Runoff Hydrograph - problem 9 as example (page 76)


Determine the peak flow rate in cfs/in of the Unit Hydrograph with a 10-hour duration
(base). The UH is symmetrical triangle in shape and the area of the watershed is 730
acres.

SOLUTION:

The area of the UH represents the volume of runoff from the watershed.
1
Areaof triangle= (time)(Q)
2
1
730 acre−¿= (10 hours)(Q) (the unit of inch represents an inchof rainfall)
2

146 acre−¿ 43560 ft 2 1 ft


Q= x x
hour 1 acre 1 hour 22 ft 3
12∈¿ x =147.22 ( Answer) ¿
3600 s s

PROLEM 2. Time of concentration - problem 10 page 76 as example


Determine the time of concentration (min) at watershed outlet points A and D.
Urbanized Watershed (Paved)

Length = 1500 ft

(First 500 ft is sheet flow)

Rainfall = 4.5 in 3 years 24 hrs Water flowing through


open channel (length = 600
Slope = 2% ft) with a velocity of 3.5

Water flowing pipe (length


Manning’s n = 0.011 = 450 ft) with a velocity of
3 ft/sec

Solution:

Step 1: Outlet point A: Includes time only for sheet and shallow flow

1a: For sheet flow (L=500 ft)

0.42(nL)0.8
T 1−1 =
P20.5 S 0.4

0.42 [( 0.011 )( 500 ) ]0.8


T 1−1 =
(4.5)0.5 (0.02)0.4

T 1−1 =3.70 min


1b: For shallow concentrated flow (L=1000 ft), V = 2.8 ft/s (from Figure 3-1 in TR 55)
1000 1
T 1−2 = x =5.9523 min.
2.8 60

Step 2: Time of Concentration


t c =T 1−1 +T 1−2

t c =3.70+5.95

t c =9.6523 mins .

Step 3: Includes all types of flows.

3a: For Open Channel Flow


600 1
T 1−3 = x =2.857 min .
3.5 60

3b: For Pipe Flow


450 1
T 1−4= x =2.5 min .
3 60

Step 4: Time of Concentration


t c =T 1−1 +T 1−2+T 1−3+ T 1−4

t c =3.70+5.95 + 2.857 + 2.5

ANSWER: t c =15 mins .

Problem 3: Composite curve number


A 450-acre drainage basic contains the silt loam soils which is classified as hydrologic
soil group C. Cover conditions within the drainage basin and curve numbers are as
follows:

Cover Area (acres) CN


Impervious 6.5 98
Wooded 245 70
Meadow 65 71
Residential 135 83

Compute the composite curve number.

Solution:
Step 1: Multiply Area by CN.

Cover Area (acres) CN Product


Impervious 5 98 490
Wooded 245 70 17150
Meadow 65 71 4615
Residential 135 83 11205
⅀ Area = 450 ⅀ = 33,460
Step 2: Compute the Composite CN:
CN x Area
Composite CN =
Area
33,460
Composite CN =
450

ANSWER: Composite CN =74.36

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