International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 1
ISSN 2250-3153
Home Monitoring System
Dinesh Kumar Sharma*, RikitaMaheshwari**, AyushiKhandelwal***, Himanshu Solanki****
*
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur,India
**
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur,India
***
Department of Electrical Engineering, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur,India
****
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur,India
Abstract- In today’s world safety and security plays an provide accessibility of data through mobile communication to
important role; hence in this paper we propose a realistic the user. The processing and control unit is the backbone of the
automation and monitoring system for our homes and living home monitoring system which performs many tasks to control
places. It includes centralize control of lighting, temperature and the devices and this is fed to the display and display and warning
other resources to provide better convenience, comfort wizard. The output terminal gives the physical realization of
and energy efficiency with reliable automation. It is the temperature sensor, gas sensor and other devices. It is also
arrangement of electronics and computer technology that fulfills include warning panel to give warning in dangerous situations.
all the requirements for a monitoring system. The application of This system integrates electrical devices in a house with each
serial communication is provided in the system to enhance the other. The system include personal computer control home
reliability and feasibility of the system. appliances over serial communication, temperature monitoring
system, microcontroller based LPG detection system, CCTV
IndexTerms- Automation,monitoring camera, digital object counter system and real time clock system.
system,resources,computer,electronic technology.
I. INTRODUCTION II. INPUT TERMINAL
The home monitoring system is the application of embedded The input terminal of the system contains various devices i.e.
system where the combination of physical world takes place with CCTV camera, gas sensor, temperature sensor LM35, DS1307
digital world. In recent year science and technology has others. A closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera is a type of
developed broadly and still developing now. The technology has input device for monitoring system that can produce images or
provided many resources that made our life easy and efficient but recordings which are accessible for observation purposes. This
sometimes these resources become perilous when we are using device will monitor all the activities in the home and provide the
them. The Home monitoring system prevents the hazards of use data to the digital video recorder (DVR) for recording and
of these resources and gives indication of them. This includes the displaying the data to the monitor. MQ-5 gas sensor is used for
home automation and monitoring of the home that provide easy sensing combustible gas leakage. When the combustible gases
controlling of home appliances and monitoring of the exist in environment, the sensor's conductivity becomes higher
environment of home. along with the gas concentration increases. We have used a
simple circuit that converts change of conductivity to
corresponding output signal of gas concentration. The sensitivity
of MQ-5 gas sensor is very high for detection of Propane,
Methane and Butane. The output of the sensor fed to the
microcontroller and if the sensor sense the combustible gas
leakage and gives output to the led board and buzzer than the
exhaust fan start to through the leakage gas outside the home.
The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to
measure temperature with an electrical output proportional to the
temperature (in oC). The temperature of the home is calculated
by the following equation
Temperature = (4.8828 * adc_reading) °C. (1)
The sensor is connected to the microcontroller. The
Fig.1. Architecture of Home monitoring system microcontroller performs operation on the adc value taken by the
Fig. 1 shows the basic architecture of the system. This system temperature sensor LM35. The reading of the adc and the
involves various component i.e. input terminal, processing unit, calculated temperature will be display on the display.
control unit and display & warning wizard. The input terminal The laptop is the main input device of the system. Personal
includes many devices that provided to processing and control computer (PC) can also be used instead of the laptop. The laptop
unit. The processing unit also includes the GSM module to is controlling device which will control the appliance according
[Link]
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 2
ISSN 2250-3153
to the output. The laptop is connected to the microcontroller In this system the microcontroller is the main device which
using the USB to serial cable. A software X-CTU is used for the performs all the operation based upon the predefined programs
serial input purpose which is a Windows-based application which are stored in the memory of the microcontroller. The
provided by Digi. This software was designed to interact with the microcontroller is directly connected to the gas sensor,
firmware files found on Digi’s RF products and to provide a temperature sensor, USB to serial, serial RTC. It gives out to the
simple-to-use graphical user interface to them. When the serial display and warning terminal in accordance of the [Link]
input fed to the microcontroller through the USB to serial cable (Global System for Mobile Communications: originally from
the appliance controlled using predefined inputs. The DS1307 Groupe Special Mobile is the most popular standard for mobile
serial real-time clock (RTC) is a low-power, full binary-coded telephony systems in the world. GSM differs from its
decimal (BCD) clock/calendar plus 56 bytes of NV SRAM. predecessor technologies in that both signaling and speech
Address and data are transferred serially through an I2C, channels are digital, and thus GSM is considered a second
bidirectional bus. The clock/calendar provides seconds, minutes, generation (2G) mobile phone system. This also facilitates the
hours, day, date, month, and year information. The end of the wide-spread implementation of data communication applications
month date is automatically adjusted for months with fewer than into the system. GSM also pioneered low-cost implementation of
31 days, including corrections for leap year. The clock operates the short message service (SMS), also called text messaging,
in either the 24-hour or 12- hour format with AM/PM indicator. which has since been supported on other mobile phone standards
The DS1307 has a built-in power-sense circuit that detects power as well. The standard includes a worldwide emergency telephone
failures and automatically switches to the backup supply. number [Link] GSM module is built with the advance
Timekeeping operation continues while the part operates from SIM900 engine, works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS
the backup supply. The DS1307 is connected to the 1800 MHz and PCS 1900 MHz. This module is connected to the
microcontroller and the microcontroller gives real time clock microcontroller. The GSM module is used to share the warning
output which is fed to the display. of the system with the user if user is outside the home. The GSM
The digital object counter system counts all the visitors or module is send messages when the warnings are critical.
persons which are coming inside and gives indication at the
display and warning terminal. This is the based on the light IV. DISPLAY AND WARNING WIZARD
dependent resistor. If the resistance of LDR decreases by the This terminal gives information’s and outputs of the input
disturbance due to the person which is coming inside the counter terminals. The display and warning terminal consist of LED
counts the disturbance and gives output of the number of board, buzzers and exhaust fan, LCD display and [Link]
disturbance at the display. board contains 12 led for indications of warning. For each sensor
three led are used to indicate minor, major and critical fault.
When LED is glowing, this indicates the leakage of LPG gas and
III. PROCESSING UNIT increase in temperature. It is 1.2 V DC operated LED. When
The processing unit is the backbone unit of the system. This buzzer is blowing, this indicates the leakage of LPG gas and high
performs all the necessary tasks with the help of microcontroller temperature. It is 12 V DC operated buzzer. Exhaust fan is used
to control and monitor the home. The processing unit includes to send out the LPG to space and then the concentration of LPG
three main devices those are DVR, microcontroller and GSM is reduced. When the gas sensor detects the leakage gas and
module.A digital video recorder (DVR) is used which is a sends instruction to the microcontroller than the exhaust fan
consumer electronics device that records video in a digital format starts to run and reduce the concentration of leakage gas.
to a disk drive, USB flash drive, SD memory card, SSD or other
local or networked mass storage device. The DVR is connected
to the CCTV camera and stores all the data of CCTV and
displays on monitor. The recorded data can be access whenever
we required to access or to view the recorded videos.A
microcontroller is a mini computer that consists of ALU,
memory, input and output ports on a single chip. The AVR core
combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working
registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent
registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one
clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient
while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than
conventional CISC microcontroller. Here we are using
ATmega16 microcontroller. AT stands for ATMEL and is a Fig.2. Working of exhaust fan
company which manufactures [Link] ATmega16 is The LCD display is used to indicate the warning of leakage of
a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR gas as well as temperature readings also. We can also use
enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions graphical LCD instead of other alphanumeric LCD [Link]
in a single clock cycle, the ATmega16 achieves throughputs monitor is used to the data recorded by DVR. We can also use
approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designed to the laptop as monitor with controlling the appliances.
optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
[Link]
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ISSN 2250-3153
V. EXECUTION OF SYSTEM VI. RESULTS
Accordingly programming structure when system start the MCU The first testing of the system was executed on 8.15AM and
sends AT commands to the GSM MODULE which is basically a following results are obtained.
attention for GSM. If GSM replies OK than the system works
according to the flowchart and sends warning massages to stored TABLE I. TESTING OF SYSTEM I
mobile number in microcontroller unit. The serial RTC and
digital object counter also executed through the microcontroller [Link]. Parameter Warning status
unit. With the execution of the system serial RTC shows the real
Physical Position of Status of
time on the display which is connected to the MCU. The digital
status LED buzzer
object counter will be executed separately where the counting of
glowing
persons coming in the home will displayed on seven segment
Gas sensor 1 Gas 1 ON
display. In this system we allocated room numbering from A, S, 1
leakage
D, F, G, H and J to control the lighting of appliances. The order
YES
is provided in such manner for flexible use of the system. The
control keys of rooms are Z, X, C, V, B, N and M respectively. Gas sensor 2 Gas 1 OFF
2
So to control the lighting and other appliance of room ‘A’ we leakage
have to open X-CTU and than just type ‘A’ and then appliances NO
of room ‘A’ starts. If we want to off all the appliances of room Temperature 30.3°C. 2 OFF
3
‘A’ we have to use keyword ‘Z’ in X-CTU. In same manner we sensor 1
can control the all appliances by using the control key in X-CTU Temperature 27.5°C 1 OFF
4
software. sensor 2
5 Serial RTC 8.15AM - -
6 Digital 2 - -
Object
Counter
The second testing of the system was executed on 1.45PM and
following results are obtained.
TABLE II. TESTING OF SYSTEM II
[Link] Parameter Warning status
.
Physical Position of Status of
status LED buzzer
glowing
1 Gas sensor Gas 1 OFF
1 leakage NO
2 Gas sensor Gas 1 OFF
2 leakage NO
3 Temperatur 2 OFF
e sensor 1 32.3°C.
4 Temperatur 3 ON
e sensor 2 35.9°C
5 Serial RTC 01.45PM - -
6 Digital 5 - -
Object
Counter
VII. CONCLUSION
By implementing the idea of affordable low cost automation and
monitoring system, a reliable and versatile embedded system has
been developed which control and monitor the home and the
Fig.3. Flow chart of execution of Gas and Temperature sensor system also sends an alert message to stored number through
GSM module 900 The developed system is greatly helpful to
avoid accidents if the resources are not handled properly.
[Link]
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2014 4
ISSN 2250-3153
Acknowledgment [6] VeselinObradovc, JovoKarisik, &BorislavOdadzc, "Wireless
communication with intelligent buildings using GSM network", 15th
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to Telecommunications forum TELFOR 2007 Serbia, Belgrade, November
[Link](HOD, Department of Electrical 2007, pp. 20-22.
Engineering) Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur
who helped me a lot to improve my research skills andI explored
so many things which are related to the topic. AUTHORS
First Author – Dinesh Kumar Sharma is currently pursuing
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