Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains research design, determination of

sample size, sampling design and technique, the subject, the

research instrument, validation of research instrument, data

gathering procedure, data processing method, and statistical

treatment.

3.1 Research Design

This study used descriptive survey design. Since this

design suited to the researcher research problem “Impact of

not bringing cellphones of the Senior Hig Students of St.

Louise de Marillac School of Bulan." Wherein the subject

varies among themselves, and this determined the extent to

which different condition and situation are taken with in

the subject.

In addition, descriptive survey design is practical in

obtaining the values of facts and focuses attention on the

most important phenomena of being reported in this study. It

is also necessary to discover the psychological and social

aspect of research by way of application or implementation

of facts, to recognize between facts or influences.

 The researcher utilized survey questionnaire in

gathering and collecting data, for answering the research

questions, that requires facts, sufficient and accurate

interpretation.

3.2 Determination of Sample Size

The researcher determined the sample size to be

included in research as the respondent. The formula use in

getting the sample size is:

Formula:

Ss = NV+(Se)2 x( 1-p)

NSe +(V)2 x( 1-p)

Where:

S2= Sample size

N= Total number of population

V= Standard value (2.58) of 1 percent level of

probability

Se= Sampling error (0.01)

P= Larger possible proportion (0.25)

 S5= NV+ [ (SE)2 x (1-P) ]

N SE + [ (V)2 x P ( 1-P) ]

= 100(2.58) + (0.01)2 x (1-0.25)

100(0.01) + (2.58)2 x 0.25(0.25)

= 258 + 0.0001 x 0.75

1 + 6.6564 x 0.25(0.25)

= 258 + 0.000075

1 + 6.7189

= 258.000075

7.7189

= 33.42446 or 33

Hence, the total sample size is thirty-three (33) out

of total population of one hundred (100) after computing the

sample size. The researcher delimit the sample size to be

included in research thirty (30). The three (3) of sample

size was used in test and retest method to determine the

validity and reliability.

3.3 Sampling Design and Technique

This research study focuses on the Impact of not

bringing cellphones by the thirty (30) selected Senior high

student in St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan and

according to the researcher purpose and convenience. This

study uses the nonscientific or nonprobability purposive

convenience sampling technique. More over the researchers

selected the thirty (30) senior high student as the sample

due to good evidence and they are readily available for this

study. The researchers recruited the subjects according to

the inclusive criteria of the researchers and sought their

cooperation and support.

Subjects:

Prior to getting the subject in this study, the

researcher asked a written permission from the school

administration to gather the total population of the senior

high students of SLMSB.

Out of the thirty subject from the senior high school

department: level I XI ABM is five (5) with the percentage

of 17%; level II XI STEM eight (8) with the total percentage

of 27%; level III XII TVL seven (7) with the total

percentage of 23%; level IV XII ABM ten (10) with the total

percentage of 33%.

Table I.I Distribution of the Subject

N=100

Senior High Department Frequency Percentage

Level I (XI ABM) 5 17%

Level II (XI STEM) 8 27%

Level III (XII TVL) 7 23%

Level IV (XII ABM) 10 33%

TOTAL 30 100%

The tool used in the study was a self-made

questionnaire. It was comprised of two main parts and four

sub-part. The two main parts, part one is comprised of

cognitive followed by psychomotor then psychosocial and

attitude and behavior.

It is a five-point Likert scale that was (5) - excellent,

(4) – very good, (3) – good, (2) – poor, (1) – needs

improvement. Cognitive consist of 5 questions, psychomotor

consist of 5 questions, while the psychosocial consists of

5 questions and lastly the attitude/behavior consists of 5

questions in which respondent rate, in which respondents

rate, the impact of not bringing mobile phones at school of

the senior high students of St. Louise de Marillac School of

Bulan. The second main part of questionnaire is preferred

mobile phones to enhance academic performance.

3.4 Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will distribute a survey form to each

section in order to determine the users of mobile phones and

must be accomplished within one week. After the researchers

collected the survey forms, a list of the respondents which

are mobile phone users will be organized then copies of the

main questionnaire will be produced. The copies of the main

questionnaire will depend on the number of the respondents.

However, extra copies will be reproduced if some respondents

loss their questionnaires. The respondents will be given one

day allowance to answer the main questionnaire. An officer

of each section will be selected to distribute and collect

the questionnaires. Once the deadline of the questionnaires

arrived, the researchers will coordinate with the officers

to retrieve all the questionnaires completely. The

questionnaires gathered will contain all the needed data for

the study and it will be organized, summarized, analyzed,

and interpreted.

The researchers wrote a letter to the administration

office to find out how many students are currently enrolled

at St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan in the senior high

department. We were informed that there are almost 180

students enrolled in the senior high department.

The total population of this study is 100 students (20)

XI ABM (28) XI STEM (23) XII TVL (29) XII ABM. Since the

population is one hundred sample size were taken with the

result of thirty-three (33). The included respondent were

thirty and the remaining three were utilized for the test

and retest for the validity and reliability of the research

instrument.

Out of the thirty subject from the senior high school

department: level I XI ABM is five (5) with the percentage

of 17%; level II XI STEM eight (8) with the total percentage

of 27%; level III XII TVL seven (7) with the total

percentage of 23%; level IV XII ABM ten (10) with the total

percentage of 33%.
 This study uses the nonscientific or nonprobability

purposive convenience sampling technique in order to reason

for using the proposed sampling method. The remaining

students were used to find out the validity and reliability

of the questionnaire. The research study focuses on the

Impact of not bringing mobile phones at school of the thirty

(30) selected senior high student in St. Louise de Marillac

School of Bulan, and according to the researcher purpose and

convenience.

The data for this research was collected using a survey

questionnaire. The survey was created using suitable

questions modified from related research and individual

questions formed by the researchers. The survey is divided

into two parts. The first part is comprised of four

categories: Cognitive, Psychomotor, Psychosocial and

Attitude/ Behavior.

3.5 Data Processing Method

Once the questionnaire was refined, the researchers

asked permission from the dean and chair of senior high

department in order to conduct the research. It was

explained to the chair that the researchers planned to

survey the senior high students to conduct research on how

not bringing mobile phones enhanced the academic performance

of the students. Once permission was granted from the chair,

the questionnaire was distributed. These were distributed to

the senior high students at St. Louise de Marillac School of

Bulan. The researchers found out the senior high students

schedule and sought them out during the class. The

researchers asked permission from their perspective teachers

if they could distribute the surveys. Participants were

given time to respond and then the researchers collected the

surveys within that day. There were no incentives offered

for participating in the research.

Upon retrieval of the questionnaires, the researchers

tabulated the findings and analyzed the data. The data

gathering was systemized. The researchers had made an

assessment with regards to the effect of not bringing mobile

phones to enhance academic performance by the senior high

students of St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan, academic

year 2019-2020. The responses were analyzed with the

subjects considered whole, only differentiating them by

their strands.
3.6 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument

The initial draft of the questionnaire was submitted to

the researchers subject teacher for corrections and

suggestions. Several changes were made over the course of

time to refine the questionnaire. Some items in the proposed

draft were found irrelevant and therefore omitted. The

researchers used the test-retest method for the reliability

of the research instrument. To test the reliability of the

instrument, the questionnaire was given to the respondents

at two separate times. The revised questionnaire was

validated by the respondents, the students of the senior

high department of St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan.

The coefficient correlation between the first and second

administration of the questionnaire was computed with the

use of the Spearman rank coefficient of correlation or

Spearman rho to test the validity.

3.7 Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used the following formulas to analyze

the results of the survey:

Frequency is the number, proportion, or percentage of items

in a particular category in a set of data, while percentage

is the proportion or share in relation to a whole. This

technique is used to determine the percentage of our

respondents out of total population in terms of frequency of

not bringing mobile phones at school.

Through this, the researchers also determined the

percentage of the respondents who are affected by the

influence of mobile phones. The formula for frequency and

percentage is:

P = ------- x 100 %

Where: P is percentage

f is number of respondents

falling under a particular category

N is total number of population

The mean, or average, is the sum of the values divided

by the total number of values. This determined the average

result of the data gathered from different respondents.

Where:

Represents the sample mean

N represents the total number of respondents

 X represents the frequency

Upon the completion of the questionnaire retrieved the

researchers analyzed, organized and interpreted data in the

study. The researchers used statistical tools for treatment

of data like chi-square, percentage, ranking and weighted

mean, in the "Impact of not bringing cellphones of the

senior high students of St. Louise de Marillac School of

Bulan."

These helped the researchers gather and compare data.

The following are the tools used in the study.

Chi-Square Test: Often used to determine whether there is a

goodness of fit. It is alsoused to test the association of

categorical data and to test the hypothesis of independence

of two variables of classification.

Solution:

(0i –Ei)2

X2= Ei

Where:

Oi= observed frequency in the ith category

Ei= expected frequency in the ith category

Percentage and Ranking: To get the percentage of the

profile, the total frequency is divided by the number of

cases multiplied by 100. (Calmorin, L.,2001).

Solution:

P = f

Where:

P = percentage

f = frequency

N = total number of respondents

Weighted Mean(WM): The weighted mean is obtained by

multiplying the number of responses by the given weight and

dividing results by the total number of respondents

(Calmorin.L.,2001).

Solution:

WM = fx

Where:

WM = weighted mean

fx = summation of weighted frequencies

N = total number of respondents

3.8 Justification of the Study

The formula for the computation of percentage

distribution is

f
% x 100
N
where :
%  percentage
f  frequency
N  total number of respondents

Weighted Mean - Averaging the quantities by attracting more

significance to some of the numbers than the others. We

accomplish this by assigning weighs to the quantities, where

the weight represents measure their relative importance.

x
  f  w
n
where :
x  the weighted mean
f  frequency
n  total number of cases

One-way Analysis of Variance- is a method for dividing the

variation observed in experimental data into different

parts; each part assignable to a known source, cause or

factor (Ferguson, 1976).

 MSB
F
MSW

where :
MSB  Mean Square Between
MSW  Mean Square Within

A t-test- is any statistical hypothesis test in which the

test statistic follows a Student's t distribution, if the

null hypothesis is supported. It is most commonly applied

when the test statistic would follow a normal distribution

if the value of a scaling term in the test statistic were

known. When the scaling term is unknown and is replaced by

an estimate based on the data, the test statistic (under

certain conditions) follows a Student's distribution.