B.
Using Reclamation’s
Concrete Maintenance and
Repair System
As mentioned in chapter A, Reclamation developed the following seven-step
process to help improve concrete repair practices and to ensure that repairs are
conducted in a logical sequence:
1. Determine the cause(s) of damage
2. Evaluate the extent of damage
3. Evaluate the need to repair
4. Select the repair method and material
5. Prepare the existing concrete for repair
6. Apply the repair method
7. Cure the repair properly
The first three steps of the system comprise the functions necessary to perform a
condition survey of the concrete structure and the guidelines here provide
information for that process. Also, more information can be found in (ACI 201,
2008) (ACI 364.1, 2007). Once a condition survey is completed, a suitable repair
material can be selected.
Generally, obtaining concrete cores will provide valuable information that will
significantly add to the findings from the condition survey process. While the
costs may seem high for obtaining and examining concrete cores, the results are
almost always well worth the cost.
1. Determine the Cause(s) of Damage
The first and very important step of repairing damaged or deteriorated concrete is
to correctly determine the cause of damage. Knowing what caused the damage,
and reducing or eliminating that cause, will make the repair last longer. If no
attempt is made to eliminate the original cause of damage, the repair may fail as
the original concrete did, resulting in wasted effort and money. Freezing and
thawing weather, structural overload, cavitation, abrasion-erosion, sulfate bearing
waters or soils, acids, alkali-aggregate reaction, carbonation, and corrosion of
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