AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL,

SECTOR-6 ,VASUNDHARA
STD XI PHYSICS

Chapter 10: Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Pressure of liquid and viscosity
1. A U-tube contains water and methylated spirit separated by mercury. The mercury columns inthe
two arms are in level with 10cm of water in one arm and 12.5cm of spirit in the other. What is the
relative density of spirit?
2. A hydraulic automobile lift is designed to lift cars with maximum mass of 300 kg. The area of cross
section of the piston carrying the load is 425cm 2. What maximum pressure would the smaller piston
have to bear?
3. What is the acceleration of body falling through a viscous medium after terminal velocity is reached?
4. The diameter of ball A is twice that of B. What will be the ratio of their terminal velocities in water?
5. Two equal drops of water are falling through air with a steady velocity v. If the drops coalesce, what
will be the new steady velocity?
6. Eight spherical rain drops of equal size are falling vertically through air with a terminal velocity of
0.01m/s. What should be the velocity if these drops were to combine to form one large spherical
drop?
7. Water from a tap of diameter 2.0 cm is flowing 3 litre per minute. Coefficient of viscosity of
water is 10-3 deca poise. State whether the flow is streamlined or turbulent.
8. Calculate the rate of flow of glycerin of density 1.25×103 kgm-3 through conical section of a
pipe if radii of ends are 0.1 m and 0.004 m and the pressure drops across its length is 10
N/m2.
9. An oil drop of radius 4×10-4 mm falls freely in air whose coefficient of viscosity is 1.8×10-4
poise. Calculate its terminal velocity if density of oil is 0.9 g cm-3 and that of air is 1.293 g/
litre, g= 980cm/s2.

Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications

1. The diameter of a pipe at two points, where a venturimeter is connected is 8cm and 5cm and
the difference of levels in it is 4cm. Calculate the volume of water flowing through the pipe per
second.
2. A fully loaded Boeing aircraft has a mass of 3.3 x 10 5 kg. Its total wing area is 500 m2. It is in level
flight with a speed of 960 km/hr. Estimate the pressure difference between the lower and upper
surfaces of the wings. The density of air is 1.2 kg/m 3.
3. Glycerine flows steadily through a horizontal tube of length 1.5 m and radius 1.0cm. If the
amount of glycerine collected per second at one end is 4 x 10 -3 kg/s, what is the pressure
difference between the two ends of the tube? (Density of glycerine = 1.3 x 10 3 kg/m3 and
coefficient of viscosity of glycerine is 0.83 Pas)
4. A tank is filled with water to height H. A hole in the wall is at a depth h from the water surface.
Show that the distance from foot of wall (range) at which the resulting stream strikes the floor is
maximum when h= H/2.
 5. Water and mercury are filled in two cylindrical vessels up to same height. Both vessels have a
hole in the wall near the bottom. If v1 and v2 are the velocity of water and mercury coming out of
the holes, find the relation between v 1 and v2.
6. Water is flowing with a speed of 2m/s in a horizontal pipe with cross sectional area decreasing
from 2 x 10-2 m2 to 0.01 m2 at pressure 4 x 104 Pa. What will be the pressure at smaller cross
section?
7. The diameter of a pipe at two points, where a venturimeter is connected is 8cm and 5cm and
the difference of levels in it is 4cm. Calculate the volume of water flowing through the pipe per
second.
8. Water stands at a depth H in a tank whose sides are vertical. A hole is made at a depth h,
below the water surface. Calculate
(i) The velocity of efflux
(ii) The range of emerging stream
(iii) The value of h for this range is maximum

Surface Tension and Excess Pressure

1. What will be the effect on the angle of contact of a liquid if the temperature increases?
2. Why is that the smaller bubbles have greater excess pressure?
3. What is the pressure inside drop of mercury of radius 3mm at room temperature? Surface
tension of mercury at that temperature is 4.65 x 10 -1 N/m.
4. The excess pressure inside a soap bubble is thrice the excess pressure inside a moving soap
bubble. What is the ratio between the volume of the first and second bubble?
5. A liquid drop of diameter D breaks up into 27 equal tiny drops. If σ is the surface tension of
liquid, show that increase in potential energy is 2πD 2σ.
6. What amount of energy will be librated or absorbed if 1000 droplets of water each 10-8 m
in diameter are combined to form a single drop. Surface tension of water is 72×10-3 N/m.
7. Surface tension of soap solution is 0.03 N/m. What amount of work is required to
produce a bubble of radius 0.05 m?
8. Two soap bubbles of radii in ratio 2:3. Compare the excess of pressure inside these
bubbles. Also compare the work done in blowing these bubbles.
9. Two soap bubbles of radii a and b combine to form a single bubble of radius c under
isothermal condition. If external pressure is P, Prove that the surface tension of the soap
solution is given by T.
10. Water rises in a capillary tube to height 2.0 cm. In another capillary whose radius is one –
third of it, how much water will rise? If the first capillary is inclined to an angle of
600with the vertical then what will be the position of water in the tube?
11. Water rises to a height of 10 cm in a certain capillary tube. If the same tube the level of
mercury is depressed by 3.42 cm. Compare the surface tension water and mercury.
Specific gravity of mercury is 13.6. The angle of contact for water is zero and for
mercury is 1350.
Multiple Choice Questions

12. Along a streamline

(a) the velocity of a fluid particle remains constant.
(b) the velocity of all fluid particles crossing a given position is constant.
(c) the velocity of all fluid particles at a given instant is constant.
(d) the speed of a fluid particle remains constant.
13. The angle of contact at the interface of water-glass is 0°, Ethylalcohol-glass is 0°,
Mercury-glass is 140° and Methyliodide-glass is 30°. A glass capillary is put in a trough
containing one of these four liquids. It is observed that the meniscus is convex. The liquid
in the trough is
(a) water
(b) ethylalcohol
(c) mercury
(d) methyliodide

Fill in the blanks

13. Reciprocal of viscosity is known as ………………………..

14. ……………………………… Fundamental law forms the basis of equation of continuity.
15. Nature of graph between velocity of fluid flow and area of cross-section of the pipe is
………………………..
16. The surface tension of a liquid ……………………. with the rise of temperature.
17. Bulk modulus for an incompressible liquid is ……………….
18. Potential energy of the atoms of a solid ………………………… when it is compressed and it
………………… when a wire is stretched.
19. If the liquid surface has dust, grease or oil, then surface tension of the liquid ………………….

True/ False
36. A liquid filled in a container exerts radial force on the surface of contact.
(Ans: False)
37. If the cohesive force in the liquid is stronger than the adhesive forces between solids and
the liquids, the nature of the surface would be convex.
(Ans: True)
38. Streamline flow is more likely for liquid with low density and low viscosity.
(Ans: True)
39. The angle of contact will be acute if a liquid wets the walls of the container.
(Ans: True)
40. Surface tension depends on area of the liquid surface.
(False)
41. When a liquid flows through a narrow construction in a pipe, the speed decreases but
pressure increases.
(Ans: False)
42. When a spherical body is made to fall through homogenous viscous medium, the viscous
force is directly proportional to the radius of spherical object.
(Ans: True)
43. To keep a piece of paper horizontal, one should blow under and not over it.
(Ans: False)