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Probability Questions to Challenge Students

This document discusses 5 probability questions a math teacher may ask to confuse students. The questions cover topics like tossing a coin twice and finding probabilities of outcomes, determining the probability of 53 Sundays in a leap year, calculating probabilities of defective and non-defective dolls, finding the probability of two dice showing the same number, and determining the probability of two different numbers on dice. For each question, the document provides the sample space, favorable outcomes, and calculation to find the probability.

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Hitesh Mishra
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7 views4 pages

Probability Questions to Challenge Students

This document discusses 5 probability questions a math teacher may ask to confuse students. The questions cover topics like tossing a coin twice and finding probabilities of outcomes, determining the probability of 53 Sundays in a leap year, calculating probabilities of defective and non-defective dolls, finding the probability of two dice showing the same number, and determining the probability of two different numbers on dice. For each question, the document provides the sample space, favorable outcomes, and calculation to find the probability.

Uploaded by

Hitesh Mishra
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Probability - 5 Questions That Your Teacher Can Ask To

Confuse You
PROBABILITY

5 Questions Your Maths Teacher Can Ask To Confuse


You
Q1: A fair coin is tossed twice, find the probability of getting different outcomes of this
experiment. What will be the sum of all these probabilities?

Answer: A coin is tossed twice, the sample space (possible outcomes) will be:

S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}

Let A be the event getting two heads then

Number of Favourable Outcomes for event A 1


P
(
 
A
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 4

Let B be the event getting first head and then tail (HT) then
Number of Favourable Outcomes for event B 1
P
(
 
B
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 4
Let C be the event getting first tail then head (TH) then

Number of Favourable Outcomes for event C 1


P
(
 
C
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 4
Let D be the event getting two tails (TT) then

Number of Favourable Outcomes for event D 1


P
(
 
D
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 4
Sum of all probabilities P(A) + P(B) + P(C) + P(D) = 4/4 = 1 

Q2: Find the probability that a leap year selected randomly will have 53 Sundays? 
(Note: If first two days lands on a Sunday in a leap year it would have 53 Sundays. How to prove?).  

Answer: No. of days in a leap year = 366 days = 52 weeks + 2 days

It implies a leap year will have 52 Sundays.


In remaining 2 days, possible out comes are:
   - Sun, Mon
   - Mon, Tue
   - Tue, Wed
   - Wed, Thu
   - Thu, Fri
    - Fri, Sat
    - Sat, Sun

 Total out comes = 7


 Favourable outcomes that Sunday will come in these two days = 2

 ∴ Required probability = 2/7


Q3: A shop keeper has a box containing 10 dolls, out which three are defective. Radha buys a toy
from the shop keeper. What is the probability that Radha gets 

 (i) a defective doll. 


(ii) a non-defective doll. 

Answer: Total Dolls = 10


               Defectives = 3
               Non-Defective = 7

 (i) Probability Radha gets a defective doll 

Number of Favourable Outcomes (defective


3
dolls)
P
(
 
A
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 10
P(A) = 0.3 

(ii) Probability Radha gets non-defctive doll

Number of Favourable Outcomes (non-


7
defective dolls)
P
(
 
B
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 10
P(B) = 0.7

Q4: A pair of fair dice are rolled. Find the probability that the two dice show the same number. 
Answer: Total possible outcomes when two dice are thrown = 36 = {(1,1), (1,2), ..., (6,5), (6,6)}  

Favourable outcomes (two dice show same number) = 6 = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)} 

Number of Favourable Outcomes (two dice


6
show same number)
P
(
 
E
=
)
=
Total Number of Outcomes 36
P(E) = 1/6

Q5: In the above example, what will be the probability of getting two different numbers when the
two dice are thrown? 

Answer: As computed above, P(A) = getting same numbers on the two dice = 1/6.
 ∴ Probability Getting two different numbers P(B) = P (NOT A) = 1 - P(A) = 1 - 1/6 = 5/6 

Posted by [Link] at Thursday, February 25, 2016 


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