DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

SCIENCE FORM 3
2020
(NOTES, PBD,
EXERCISE)
NAME:
CLASS:
CONTENT CONTENT DAT TEACHER
STANDARD E ’S SIGN
2.1 Respiratory system
2.2 Movement and exchange of
2 gases in the human body
2.3 Health of human respiratory
RESPIRATI system
2.4 Adaptations in respiratory
ON systems
2.5 Gaseous exchange in plants

TEACHER: PN. NOOR SHALIZA BINTI MOHD SHAHAR

CHAPTER 2:
RESPIRATION

1
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

NOTES
2.1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1. ___________________________ is the process of ______________________________ by the

lungs.
2. The system in the body that helps us to breathe is known as the
________________________________
3. The function of human respiratory system is to:
- _____________________________ and ___________________________________ from the
body cells.
4. Draw and label the structure of human respiratory system

2
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

5. Label the structure of lungs

6. Complete the direction of air from the nose to the lungs.

3
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

7. Complete the diagram below that shows the process of inhalation

- Inhalation or breathing in, is the process by which air is forced into our
lungs

The higher air pressure

outside forces air to
 The ____________ air
 Intercostal muscles enter the_________
pressure
lungs
____________ and pull
the rib cage
forces air to __________
____________ and the lungs
_______________
Ž The _____________ of
thoracic cavity
__________and
causes air __________
in the thoracic cavity
to ________________

 The diaphragm
muscles ____________
and pull the diaphragm
to ___________ and
_____________

INHALATION
The volume of thoracic
cavity increases and
8. causes air pressure in the
Complete the diagram below that shows the process of inhalation
thoracic
- Exhalation or breathing out, is the process by which air cavity
is forced to decrease
out of
our lungs

 Intercostal muscles
____________ and
rib cage moves
 The ____________ air
____________ and pressure ____________
_______________ pushes the air ______

The diaphragm
Ž The ____________
muscles contracts
of thoracic cavity and
pull_________
the diaphragm and to
causes air _______
4 descend and cavity
in the thoracic become
flat to
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

 The diaphragm
muscles
_____________ and
__________________

EXHALATION
9. .Draw and label a model of human respiratory system

10. .Name the parts of the respiratory system that are represented by
this model

Component of the Part of the human respiratory system

model
Y-shaped glass tube
Bell jar
Balloons
Rubber sheet

ACTIVITY: a model of human respiratory system

Aim : To study a functional model of the human respiratory system to

show the relationship between the air pressure in the thoracic cavity
and the process of inhalation and exhalation

Material A model of the human respiratory system

and :
5
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
apparatus

Procedure : 1. Set up a simple model as shown in the diagram.

s 2. Pull the handle down and observe the size of the balloon.
3. Then, push the rubber sheet up and observe the balloon
again.
4. Draw your observations of the balloon.

Observati : The rubber sheet is pulled down The rubber sheet is pushed up
on

 The balloon ______________  The balloon ______________

Analysis : 1. From the observation of the experiment, state the respiratory

process that happens in humans

Rubber sheet is pulled down

Rubber sheet is pushed up

2. Complete the table below to explain the observation that you

obtain
Procedures Observation
Volume inside Pressure Changes in the
the bell jar inside the bell balloon
jar
Rubber sheet
is pulled down
Rubber sheet
is pushed up
6
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

3. Name the parts of the respiratory system that are represented by

this model
Component of the model Part of the human respiratory
system
Conclusio Y-shaped glass tube
Bell jar
n
Balloons
Rubber sheet
:
______________________ occurs when the diaphragm moves downwards
while ______________________ occurs when the diaphragm curves
upwards.

1. Identify the structures in respiratory system. PL

1

7
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

2. Identify the structure of the human respiratory system based on their

PL
functions.
2

Structure Function
 Pathway of air into the nasal cavity
 Covered with sticky mucous which traps bacteria and
foreign particles in inhaled air
 Pathway of air from the nostrils to the bronchus
 Supported by cartilaginous rings to ensure it is always
open so that air can pass through it
 Two branches that are the main pathway of air from the
trachea to the lungs
 Smaller branches that branch out from the bronchus
 Ends with small airbags known as alveolus
 Place where exchange of respiratory gases occurs
 Surrounded by a network of blood capillaries
 Moves rib cage up and down during respiration
 Controls the volume of thoracic cavity

3. Complete the flow map about the pathway of air in the

PL 2
breathing mechanism.

8
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

4. Name processes X and Y. PL

1

9
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

5. What is the process of inhaling and exhaling air by the body?

PL
1
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

6. What is the body system that works to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
from the body cells? PL
1
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

7. Explain the human breathing mechanism by choosing the

PL 2
correct answers

a)

10
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

b)

8. PL
1

Give the actual percentage of oxygen contained in

(a) inhaled air: ______________________ (b) exhaled air:

__________________________

9. Munirah carried out an experiment to study the oxygen content in inhaled air and
exhaled air. She set up two sets of apparatus, A and B as shown in the diagram
below.

11
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

(a)
The candle in gas jar ______ containing
____________ air will _____________ first.

PL
2
(b) How can you explain the occurrence in 8(a)?

Inhaled air contains more

____________________ than that of exhaled air

10. Jason
carried out an experiment to study the concentration of carbon dioxide in inhaled
and exhaled air.

a) Complete the table below to show the observation of the PL

experiment. 1

Type of air passes through Condition of lime water

limewater
Inhaled air
Exhaled air

b) What is the function of limewater? PL

1

__________________________________________________________________________________________
___

c) Which conical flask does the limewater turn cloudy? Explain PL 2

your observation.

Conical flask ______ that is passed through with _____________air . This is

because ____________ air contains more ____________________________ than
____________ air.
12
 DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
NOTES
2.2 MOVEMENT AND EXCHANGE OF GASES IN THE HUMAN BODY

Movement and Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Human Body
1. With the help of diagram below, Fill in the blanks with suitable words regarding
movement and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human body.
Write the number 1- 8 on the diagram to shows the correct sequences of the
process.

Inhaled air has a __________________ oxygen concentration compared to the surroundin

1
Therefore, oxygen ______________ from the alveolus into the blood capilla

Upon entering the blood capillaries, oxygen combines easily with the __________________ in the red bloo

Blood with oxyhaemoglobin is transported from the lungs to the _________

From the heart, the blood is______________ to other part of our body

ea around the body cells that has a _____________________ of oxygen, the oxyhaemoglobin being an unstable compoun

, the diffused oxygen _____________ glucose molecules into carbon dioxide, water and energy through the process o

________________________ released by the cells diffuses into the blood capillaries and is transported to the alveolu

13
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
2. Complete the chart that shows the adaptations of the alveolar structure
increase the efficiency and maximise the exchange of gases in the human body.

1. Thickness of the walls of alveolus and

blood capillaries
 The alveolus and blood capillaries have
____________ which are made up of only
___ layer of cells.
 This structure facilitates and
_________________________________ across
the walls of the alveolus and blood
capillaries

2. Moist wall of alveolus

The  The moist wall of alveolus allows
adaptations respiratory gases to _____________and
of the ______________into the blood

alveolar capillaries.

structure

3. Surface area of alveolus

 The lungs contain millions of alveoli
which provide a
_________________________________for
the exchange of gases.

4. Network of capillaries covering the

alveolus
 The alveolus is covered by a
_______________network of capillaries
which
_____________________________________
____between the alveolus and the

14
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

CONTENT STANDARD 2.2 MOVEMENT AND EXCHANGE OF GASES IN THE HUMAN BODY
PBD

CONTENT STANDARD : 2.1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1. Study the diagram given and answer the questions on the transport of oxygen in
the human body.

15
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

PL
1

1. On the above diagram, label structures P, Q, R and S.

2. What are gases X and Y?
PL
Gas X:____________________________________ Gas Y: 1
_______________________________________

3. What is the process involved in the movement of gaseous through the wall of the
alveoli and blood capillaries?
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

16
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

4. Explain the importance of gaseous exchange in humans.

PL 2
To supply ____________________for cellular respiration and
remove ________________ from the body.

5. Write ‘High’ or ‘Low’ in the boxes provided to show the concentration of oxygen
and carbon dioxide in the alveolus and blood capillary during PL
inhalation and exhalation. 1

6. Based on the given diagram, explain what will happen to the oxygen in the
alveolus.

PL
4/KBAT

17
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
The concentration of oxygen in the alveolus is _____________ than that in the blood. The
oxygen dissolves in the moist lining of the alveolus and then ____________ into the blood
capillary. In the blood, oxygen combines
with__________________ in the red blood cell to
form _________________________.

Oxygen + haemoglobin --------------)

Oxyhaemoglobin
This oxygen-rich blood is then transported to
the _____________ and pumped to all parts of the
body. In the body cells, the concentration of
oxygen is _______________ . Thus,
oxyhaemoglobin which is an unstable
compound in the blood capillary decomposes to
release ______________ which diffuses into the
body cells.

Oxyhaemoglobin ------------------) oxygen +

haemoglobin

At the same time, ________________diffuses out

of the body cells into the blood capillaries and is
transported to be removed.

7. Tick ( ✓ ) the characteristics of the alveoli that increase the efficiency of gaseous
exchange.
PL
1

18
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

NOTES
2.3 HEALTH OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Substances that are Harmful to the Human Respiratory System

Substanc Source Harmful effects

es
Cigarette One of the toxic substances  Sticks to and kills
tar found in _____________________ _________________________________________
_ such as the thorax, pharynx, epiglottis,
larynx, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli.
 increases the production of __________
and _____________ in the lungs.
Carbon colourless and odourless gas  it will combine chemically with
Monoxid that is normally found in haemoglobin to form ________________
e cigarette smoke and exhaust which is a stable compound. (compete
gases of motor vehicles with oxygen to bind with haemoglobin)
Carbon monoxide + haemoglobin
⎯→ carboxyhaemoglobin
 This causes a
______________________________________ in
blood that transports oxygen to the
body
 Due to this shortage, the body cells are
_________________to produce the required
amount of _____________________through
cellular respiration.

Sulphur colourless gas with a pungent  It

Dioxide smell that is normally _________________________________________
produced by the combustion of _ causing cough, difficulty in breathing,
coal from power stations bronchitis and lung cancer.

Nitrogen Brown-coloured gas with a  This gas

Dioxide pungent smell that is normally ____________________________________and
produced by the combustion of causes cough, difficulty in breathing and
fuels such as petrol and diesel asthma.
in motor vehicles
Haze, - are solid particles which are  Haze, dust and pollen
Dust and fine, light and suspended in _______________________________________
Pollen the air. and cause respiratory diseases such as
- Haze and dust are produced asthma.
from open burning and forest
19
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
fires
-pollen released from anthers
into the air is carried by the
wind over long distances in all
directions

Respiratory Diseases and their Symptoms

Lung cancer Bronchitis (an inflammation of the

bronchus)
Caused by:
Caused by:
 cancer causing chemical
substances known as  tar and ______________ in cigarette
________________________ such as smoke
tar that can contain in cigarette
smoke
Symptoms:
Symptoms:
 shortness of ______________
 persistent _______________ ,  persistent _______________
 _____________ in the phlegm  ______________

20
 Emphysema (condition of the alveoli
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
in the lungs which are damaged by
Asthma
harmful substances in the air)
Caused by:
Caused by:
 the presence of dust,
 _________________ in cigarette
________________, haze,smoke
smoke
from cigarette and motor vehicle
Symptoms: exhaust, __________________and

 shortness of ____________ forest fires.

 pain when ___________________ Symptoms:

 feeling _________ from doing even
 shortness of ____________,
 _____________ and coughing

Effects of Smoking on the Lungs

 Smoking is not only harmful to the respiratory system of smokers but also to the
respiratory system of other people in the _________________________ of the
smokers.
 A person who does not smoke but inhales cigarette smoke is known as a
___________________________
 The __________________________________ of cigarette smoke to the human respiratory
system do not only happening the body of the smoker but also in the body of the
passive smoker.

Active smokers and passive smokers

The Effect of Smoking on the Human Respiratory System (Experiment)

Substances Observation Inference

Thermometer Reading of thermometer Cigarette smoke contain __________

21
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
__________ (Represent lung)
(Purple colour)
White cotton Turns from white colour into Cigarette smoke contain __________
wool _______
Litmus solution Turns from purple to Cigarette smoke is __________
___________

PBD CONTENT STANDARD: 2.3 HEALTH OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1. State the pollutants that are harmful to the respiratory system and match the
substances to their harmful effects. PL 2

2. Teacher Milah gives a description and symptoms of respiratory diseases and

requires her student, Ali to identify the types of diseases. Help Ali. PL 2

3.
3. Study the diagram below.

(a)Name the person who does not smoke but inhales cigarette smoke.

22
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
___________________________________________________________________

(b)Justify the negative effects of passive smokers in the family shown in the diagram.

PL
Cigarette smoke is _________________to the respiratory
3/KBAT
system of a passive smoker and ______________ the risk
of getting ____________

NOTES
2.4 ADAPTATIONS IN RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS

How the respiratory system adapts in different surroundings?

1. The respiratory structures of most organisms including humans have three

features to ensure an efficient gaseous exchange with the surroundings. These
three features are:
a) _________________ surface of respiratory structures
b) ______________ respiratory structures
c) _______________ surface area of respiratory structures

 Moist outer skin

Type of organism :

Respiratory :

23
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
structures
Adaptations: : 1. The skin of frog is __________ and very _____________ to
gas
2. The skin of frog is also always _________________
because it is covered by a layer of _________________ -
causes the respiratory gases to _____________ and
_______________ easily.
3. Under the layers of skin is a ______________ network of
_________________ to increase the ___________________ of
gases between the skin and the blood capillaries.

 Gill

Type of organism :

Respiratory :
structures
Adaptations: : 1. Gills are made up of two rows of fine _______________
that have many thin and flat projections known as

24
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
____________________
2. The number of filaments and lamellae produces a
_________________________________________ to facilitate
gaseous exchange.
3. The gills are surrounded by water and this causes the
respiratory gases to dissolve and ______________ easily.

 Trachea

Trachea system of grasshopper

Type of organism :

Respiratory :
structures
Adaptations: : 1. Air enters or leaves the trachea through breathing
pores known as _____________________________
2. The opening and closing of spiracles are controlled by
______________ which allow air to leave and enter the
body.

25
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
3. Trachea is divided onto fine branches known as
______________
4. Tracheoles:
- Have _______________________________ to increase
the efficiency of gaseous exchange
- The large number of tracheoles also provide
______________________________ to facilitate gaseous
exchange through diffusion.
5. Some insects such as grasshoppers have ___________
that filled with air to increase the rate of exchange of
respiratory gases.

PBD CONTENT STANDARD: 2.4 ADAPTATIONS IN RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS

PL
1

1 Organism with moist outer skin (amphibian) PL

1
(a) Besides the lungs, name the organ of the
amphibian for gaseous exchange.
PL
____________________________________________ 2

(b) Choose three characteristics of the skin of for

gaseous exchange.
(Moist, thin, dry, thick, very permeable to gas)

(c) What is the function of the mucus layer on the outer skin of frogs?
Allows respiratory gas to __________and ________ into the blood capillaries
beneath the skin

2 Organism with gills (fish)

26
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
(a) What is the thin and flat projection on the gill filament? PL
____________________________________________________ 1

(b) What is the function of the filaments and lamella on the gills of
fish? PL
To produce large ______________ for gaseous exchange 2

3 Organism with a trachea (insect)

(a)Complete the flow map to show the pathway of air during gaseous
exchange.
PL
1
(b) State three characteristics of the tracheole that improve the
efficiency of gaseous exchange.
PL
___________________ tracheoles with ______________ and 2
____________________ walls.

Adaptation and ability of the human respiratory system in different situation

Situations Adaptation
1. Different a) At mountainous region (high altitude)
altitudes

b) At bottom of the sea (low altitude)

27
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

2. Sports
activities
(athletes)

3. Sickle cell
anaemia
(disease)

NOTES
2.5 GASEOUS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS

Mechanism of Gaseous Exchange in Plants

1. Most plants carry out the process of gaseous exchange with their surroundings
through their __________,_______________ and ______________.
2. These three parts provide a _________________________________ for gaseous
exchange.

Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide

28
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
The diffusion of carbon dioxide occurs through the __________________according to the
__________________________ in __________________________ in the cells and in the air spaces
between the cells during____________________________

When carbon dioxide is used ________________, the

concentration of carbon dioxide in the cells becomes _________,
compared to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the
_________ between the cells. This difference in concentrations
allows the dissolved carbon dioxide in the moist surface of cells to
__________ from the air space between the cells into the cells.

This causes the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air space between the cells to become ______
compared to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air outside the stoma. This difference in
concentrations causes the diffusion of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the air space between the cells
through the stoma which is open..

Stomatal Pore and Guard Cells

1. Stoma is made up of a _________________ bounded by a pair of _________________

2. Guard cells contain _____________________ to carry out photosynthesis.
3. Stomata of plants _______________ during photosynthesis when there is light and
____________ when it gets dark or when the plant loses a lot of water on a hot day.

Process of Osmosis Affects the Stoma

Concept of Osmosis
1. Osmosis is the process of movement o___________________ from a region of
______________________
of water molecules (solution with a low concentration of solutes) to a region of
__________________________ of water molecules (solution with a high concentration
of solutes) through
a ___________________________.

29
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
2. This membrane is ______________ to water but not permeable to some solutes
such as sucrose molecules.

CONTENT STANDARD: 2.5 GASEOUS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS

PBD

1. Write the word ‘High’ or ‘Low’ in the boxes to show the concentration of oxygen
and carbon dioxide inside and outside the leaf, that enables diffusion to take place
through the leaf stomata during daytime. PL
1

30
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION

2. Complete the statements below. PL

2

When carbon dioxide is used in the process of _________________ during a

day time, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cell becomes ______________
than that of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air space between the cells.
This _______________ in the concentration of carbon dioxide allows carbon dioxide to
____________ from the air space between the cell into the cells.

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the air space between the cells is
______________ than the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air outside the
stoma, causing carbon dioxide gas to ___________ from the _________________ into
the air space between the cells through the open ___________ pore.

Oxygen released during the process of ________________ causes the

concentration of oxygen in the cells is _________ than the concentration of oxygen
in the air space between the cells. The ______________ in the concentration of
oxygen causes oxygen to ______________ from the cell into the air space between
the cells and then is released through the ____________ into the atmosphere .

3. Study the statement and diagram about the process that takes place in the guard
cells.

(a) What is the process? PL

1

31
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
___________________________________________________________________________________
__

(b) When is the stoma open and closed?

PL
The stoma is open when there is ______________and closed when 1
the condition becomes __________ or when the plant _______________
a lot of water.

(c) Why is stoma opened during the day?

PL
1
To carry out the process of ____________________________

4. Answer the questions about the effects of osmosis on the stoma PL

pores. 2

(i) Why is the concentration of glucose in

the guard cells high in the presence
of light?
The guard cells carry out
_____________ to produce
________________

(ii) What will happen if the concentration

of glucose in the cell increases?
Water ________________ into the cell
through _____________ . The guard
cells become____________ , curved
and they ___________ the stoma.

(i) At night or on a hot day, the stoma

closes. Explain why.
The concentration of glucose in the
guard cells is __________. Water
_____________ out from the guard cells
through __________ and causes the
guard cells to become ___________
and straight . The stoma is
_______________.

32
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
5. What is the effect of the following substances on the growth and PL
1
survival of plants?

(a) Haze and dust:

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________

(b) Acidic gases (sulphur dioxide)

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS P Q R
A Trachea Alveolus Bronchiole
1. Which gas is produced during human B Alveolus Bronchiole Trachea
respiration? C Alveolus Trachea Bronchiole
A Oxygen C Hydrogen Trachea Bronchiole Alveolus
D
B Nitrogen D Carbon dioxide
4 The diagram shows two processes P and Q
2. Which of the following is the pathway of
in breathing mechanism.
carbon dioxide when leaving the alveolus?
A Bronchus ----) bronchiole ----)
nasal cavity ----) trachea
B Bronchus ----) bronchiole ----) Trachea
----) nasal cavity
C Bronchiole ----) bronchus -----)
nasal cavity ----) Trachea
D Bronchiole ----) bronchus -----) trachea
Which statement is correct about P and Q?
----) nasal cavity
P Q
A The volume of The volume of
3 The diagram shows the pathway of air while thoracic cavity thoracic cavity
breathing. decreases increases
B The air pressure of The air pressure of
Nostril ---)P ---) Bronchus ---) Q ----) R thoracic cavity thoracic cavity
increases decreases
C Air is forced into Air is forced out of
lungs lungs
D Diaphragm relaxes Diaphragm
contracts

5 The diagram shows the gaseous exchange in

blood capillaries through process X.
What is represented by P, Q and R?
33
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
B The oxygen dissolves in moist surface
of the alveolus wall and then diffuse
into the blood capillary
C The concentration of oxygen is lower in
the alveolus, so it diffuse into the blood
capillaries.
What is process X? D The carbon dioxide dissolves in moist
A Excretion C Absorption surface of the alveolus wall and then
B Diffusion D Assimilation diffuse into the blood capillary

6 The diagram shows a model of human What happen to the oxygen after it diffuses
respiratory system. into blood capillary?
A It will flow into the heart
B It will combine with carbon dioxide
C It will combine with haemoglobin in
the red blood cells
D It will diffuse into the cells

10 Why is carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke

dangerous?
A Cause addiction
What is represented by M? B Cause lung cancer
A Bronchus C Diaphragm C Cause asthma
B Lungs D Ribcage D Competes with oxygen to combine
with haemoglobin
7 The diagram shows a structure in the
human lungs. 11 Which of the following are not the diseases
What is the structure shown above? of respiratory system
A Alveolus C Bronchiole A Lung cancer
B Bronchus D Trachea B Anaemia
C Bronchitis
8 The diagram shows the human respiratory D Emphysema
system
12 Which of the following is correct about the
J K L M respiratory structure of a frog, a fish and a
A Bronchus Bronchiole Trachea Alveolus grasshopper?
Trachea Bronchus Alveolus Bronchiole Frog Fish Grasshopper
B
Trachea Bronchiole Bronchus Alveolus A Moist skin Trachea Gills
C system
D Alveolus Bronchus Bronchiole Trachea Gills Moist skin Trachea
B
system
C Trachea Gills Moist skin
9 The diagram shows the process of gas system
diffusion in the alveolus D Moist skin Gills Trachea
system

13 Which of the following is not the

characteristic of alveolus that make it
suitable for gaseous exchange?
A Moist C Thick
B Thin D Have large
surface area
Which statement is correct about the 14 Which part of plants does not involve in
process of gas diffusion? gaseous exchange?
A The concentration of carbon dioxide is A Flowers C Stems
higher in the alveolus, so it diffuse into B Roots D Leaves
the blood capillaries.

34
DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 2: RESPIRATION
15 The diffusion of carbon dioxide in plants
occurs through
A Cuticle C Stoma
B Palisade D Xylem
mesophyll cell

16 What control the opening and closing of a

stoma?
A Stomatal pore C Vacuole
B Chloroplast D Guard cells

17 What make the stoma open during the day?

A Water diffuses out of the guard cells
through osmosis and causes both the
guard cells to become straight.
B Water diffuses into the guard cells
through osmosis and causes both the
guard cells to curve and open the
stoma
C Water diffuses out of the guard cells
through diffusion and causes both the
guard cells to become straight
D Water diffuses into the guard cells
through diffusion and causes both the
guard cells to curve and open the
stoma

18 What is the effect of haze and dust on the

survival of plants?
A Reduce the sunlight from reaching the
plants
B Make the plants grow healthy
C Cause acid rains
D Plants become taller

35