ITECH 2201 Cloud Computing

School of Science, Information Technology & Engineering

Workbook for Week 8

Part A (3 Marks)
Exercise 1: Green Computing (0.5 Marks)
The questions in this exercise can be answered by doing internet search and/or
from the YouTube videos. Answer to each question should be one paragraph in
your own words.

What is Greenhouse effect?

Green house impact alludes to the warming of the planet. This happens because of
environmental gasses which can productively retain heat in the infrared extent, yet can't ingest
warmth in unmistakable reach. Non polar particles like H2, N2 and O2 has no electric dipole
and can't emanate of retain photons. Henceforth, they are not green house gasses. The noticeable
light from the sun warms the surface of the planet and it is reemitted in the infrared. As of right
now, a percentage of the vitality is consumed by the air gasses while some are transmitted back
to the surface. Methane, water and carbon dioxide are the nursery gasses that could build the
surface temperature of Earth by 15 Celcius (Gargaud, 2011). Green house gasses are
progressively added to the environment as a consequence of human exercises, for example,
transportation, deforestation, power stations, waste transfer and treatment and mechanical
procedures (Casper, 2010). Nursery impact is the marvel of expansion in the worldwide
temperature because of the green house gasses which have come about because of human
exercises.

We are legally, ethically, and socially required to green our IT products,

applications, services, and practices – is this statement true? Why?
The present model of industrialisation weights on the requirement for cyclic utilization of
materials. There is currently a developing cognizant that the waste must be considered as by
items or reused materials. The idea of 'eco-productivity' alludes to the condition of conveying
merchandise and administrations that decrease environmental effects and stays inside of the
conveying limit of the earth. Organizations embrace an arrangement called 'Configuration for
Environment' which is thought of natural execution amid the item improvement stages.
Henceforth, it has gotten to be basic for IT organizations to create items that are upto the
ecological benchmarks which brings down expense and makes esteem and trigger advancements
prompting enhanced efficiency of the asset (Patel, 2012). The examination above demonstrates
that is important for IT organizations to create items that are environment cordial and reused

What is Green IT and what are the benefits of greening IT?

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 1 of 8

 Green processing hones in work environment are easy to take after. It includes the
utilization of reused paper, certain regulations for the utilization of equipment, portable
workstations and PCs (Bajgoric, 2009). Green IT alludes to the lessening of carbon foot
shaped impressions of IT by selecting the right advances for the business. The different
procedures must be broke down and assessed from the obtainment till its transfer. The
green IT includes the consideration of specific procedures into the customary IT
Management forms. It can lessen costs (Verax Consulting, 2015). Greening IT has a
few advantages, noteworthy among them is if offers budgetary motivating forces. By
outlining vitality productive server farms the expense of cooling of the equipment is
lessened bringing about reserve funds (Bajgoric, 2009). Green IT is the mindfulness
and improvement of procedures to decrease contamination and vitality utilization.

Exercise 2: Environmental Sustainability (0.5 Marks)

Read the article in the below link and answer the questions that follow:
[Link]

According to the article how do you build a greener environment?

A greener domain can be built up by adjusting or uprooting some of our strategies particularly in
the procedures and techniques for waste transfer. IT organizations include in the utilization of
substantial number of frameworks and utilization of more power and vitality. The utilization of
coal, gas or oil for power era results in scattering of part of green house gasses which influences
the earth. To make the whole cycle natural amicable, we can utilize the accompanying strategies

•Green use – Limit the vitality use that is expended in PCs, server farms and different frameworks
and utilization in natural benevolent way

•Green transfer – Disposal of waste and unused PCs in a successful way, for example, reusing as
utilized as a part of new item improvement

•Green plan – The planning of parts and supplies which utilizes low vitality for operations and
utilization of materials that don't affect the earth in servers, server farms and cooling materials

•Green fabricating – Manufacturing segments which include process that has low natural effect

A portion of the green environment activities can incorporate utilization of biodegradable

materials, green marking and green measurements and carbon foot shaped impre

Summarize the article in 150 words

The world atmosphere is experiencing extreme change at present because of different environment
issues. The IT area is a noteworthy patron to the issue, notwithstanding it could likewise take

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 2 of 8

 care of the issue by embracing Green IT gauges. Green IT or green processing alludes to the
outlining, assembling, utilizing and discarding PC frameworks, equipment, programming and
correspondence types of gear that would have least ecological effect.

The IT business is still not mindful of the potential danger to the earth because of its exercises. This
part sends parcel of frameworks, server farms, servers and equipment that devour a great deal of
vitality. The utilization includes utilization of power which is traversed smoldering of coal, oil
or gas in this way prompting arrival of a great deal of green house gasses. This would bring
about green house impact and an Earth-wide temperature boost. The business needs to take up
activities through greening IT strategies, for example, green methods for planning, assembling,
utilization and transfer of the items and procedure included. Vitality utilization must be
minimized, reusing of waste and conveying ecological benevolent materials and assembling
forms, conformance to green regulations are to be taken after. It assembles a practical domain by
organizing exercises and viable observing techniques for minimizing carbon foot shaped
impression.

Green IT is still in its beginning stage and has scope for more research in more zones to achieve
the improvement, appraisal of natural effect and create ecological manageability. Attention to
Green IT must be produced by IT experts, looks into and clients (Murugesan, 2010). The article
by the above writer tosses light on the issues confronting IT industry as far as ecological issues
and recommends techniques for minimizing sway through Green IT strategies.

Exercise 3: Environmentally Sound Practices (1 Mark)

Power Usage Effectiveness:

The Power Usage Effectiveness is the metric for upgrading the force use in server farms. The metric is a
basic device to decide the vitality that has been devoured by framework for a specific IT load. PUE can be
characterized as the proportion of aggregate yearly vitality of server farm to the aggregate yearly IT vitality.
For instance if the PUE is 2.5, it indicates that the server farm has utilized 2.5 times the vitality that was
required for running the IT hardware. Therefore overabundance of vitality has been used for lighting,
cooling, power change misfortune and era of standby influence (Kunkel, Ludwig and Meuer, 2013). Server
farm Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE) is characterized as the corresponding of PUE. Both PUE and DciE
help in portraying information designation for a specific server farm and both are markers of operational
productivity under the setting of misfortunes in influence conveyance, cooling and vitality utilization
(Prasad, 2010). The metric plans to decide the vitality productivity of server farms.

Server farm Efficiency:

Server farm Efficiency (DCE) takes into consideration simple estimation of vitality productivity of its server
farms. The outcomes are contrasted and other server farms and distinguishes whether there require any

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 3 of 8

 changes to be made for vitality proficiency. The Green Grid discharged the paper which built up the idea of
Power Usage Effectiveness and Data Center Efficiency measurements. PUE is broadly received, however
DCE has got constrained accomplishment as there are perplexities in comprehension the significance of
server farm proficiency. The Green Grid reclassified DCE as Data Center base productivity (DciE), with a
specific end goal to minimize the misinterpretations around DCE (Lamb, 2010). This vitality proficiency
metric gives results in view of examinations.

Server farm Infrastructure Efficiency:

The Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE) is the backwards of PUE which is the proportion of IT
hardware Power and Total office Power. Both PUE and DCiE can be successfully used to portray the
vitality apportioned for a server farm. A DciE of 33% implies that the IT gear utilized 33% of aggregate
force of the server farm. Green Grid has further part the DciE measurements as the expansion of Cooling
Load Factor (CLF) and Power Load Factor (PLF) and 1.0 (which is the standardized IT load).The CLF
incorporates the aggregate of the force devoured by chillers, pumps, cooling towers, and so forth. PLF is the
aggregate of the scattered force through UPSs, PDUs and switchgears (Zomaya and Lee, 2012). DciE is the
upgrade of Data Center Efficiency Metric.

Exercise 4: Major Cloud APIs (1 Mark)

Amazon: Amazon EC2 or The Amazon Compute Cloud is web benefit that offers processing
limit that is movable. The administration is for the most part an arrangement of servers in the
server farms of Amazon. It can be utilized to create and have programming programs that have
been produced (Amazon Web Services, 2015). Amazon utilizes Amazon EC2 API.

GoGrid: GoGrid utilizes a cloud facilitating administration that empowers computerizing the
equipment and virtual frameworks through the web. An IaaS supplier that offers physical
capacity, load adjusting and security over different server farms. The API of GoGrid is a kind of
REST (Representational State Transfer, for example, an inquiry interface. Correspondence is by
method for HTTP asks. It is an open source API that backings Java, C#, PHP, Ruby and Python
(Chandrasekaran, 2014). GoGrid conveys REST sort of API.

Google: The distributed computing model empowers procurement of differing administrations.

Google offers Google Apps that gives its administrations as applications. The Google
Application Engine (GAE) encourages web designers to make their own particular web
applications using Google API (Mouftah and Kantarci, 2013). Google Apps are generally
utilized for adding to a considerable measure of utilizations.

Microsoft: Cloud administration suppliers need to create frameworks arrangements from ground
up. Microsoft has assembled its cloud framework. Microsoft Azure offers figuring
administrations in a .NET situation. The Microsoft Azure Blob offers stockpiling and informing
administrations (Ahson and Ilyas, 2010). The Azure administrations stage offers different

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 4 of 8

 usefulness highlights for creating applications from customer web to big business improvement,
which incorporates a Cloud OS and scope of engineer administrations (Jaatun, 2009).Microsoft
utilizations Azure API.

Part B (3 Marks)

Exercise 1: Greening IT Standards and Regulations (0.5 Marks)

GREENING IT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

Epeat

EPEAT alludes to Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool which empowers the
shoppers to have a reasonable comprehension of the items or merchandise expected for
procurement. It is an online apparatus propelled in the year 2006, which has been a trusted
source where the quality and execution standard of an item is assessed in view of fulfillment of
some criteria on ecological concerns (EpaGov, 2015). It is an instrument that is accessible
online which gives assessment of an item.

Energy star 4.0 principles

Energy STAR is a system created to fortify the economy by vitality proficient items. Vitality star
4.0 benchmarks is the most recent standard that has been presented after July 20, 2007 rates the
vitality effectiveness of items and the criteria varies from one items to other (Energy star, 2015).
This is a green standard project which rates the items vitality proficiency.

Confinement of dangerous substances order

The principle objective behind the presence of the idea is the limitation of unsafe substances, for
example, lead, mercury, cadmium that are regular in the assembling of electronic items (Rohs
consistence, 2015). This order is gone for diminishing use of risky substances in items.

Exercise 2: Green cloud computing (0.5 Marks)

Green distributed computing

Green distributed computing is an innovation that encourages the calculations of a PC by imparting

to the assistance of remote servers facilitated on the web. Its primary destinations incorporate
the disposal of risky substances utilized as a part of PC equipment that thus impact the natural

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 5 of 8

 variables. Numerous new advancements have been proposed with proficient procurements for
force lessening.

Chip is the focal part of any calculation. As the extent of the interior parts of chip gets lessened, it
has a tendency to actuate more spillage streams that build the force utilization. The most recent
advancements incorporate the conformities of recurrence in microchips that outcome in sparing
vitality.

Assignment booking of server farms have been enhanced by the consolidation of warm mindful
asset administration that have a three dimensional CFD based instrument for warm displaying
known as indoor regulator. The intricacy of the model has lead for the advancement of less mind
boggling models.

The normal technique for representation has been ad libbed by the force administration to be helped
out in online mode through disconnected operations on every stage of virtualized assets. The
neighborhood level arrangements the force control of visitor framework and worldwide
approaches of asset administration have a tendency to deal with the incorporation of virtual
machines.

The essential cooling frameworks are going to have upgraded warm resistance by the procurement
of miniaturized scale channel heat sinks. Servers are to be pressed with chilled fluid cooling for
its extreme cooling ability.

Systems are been created in an achievable way in order to have high measured models that alter
themselves as per the movement and vitality prerequisites of the equipment.

The plate stockpiling of server farms have been made compelling by the utilization of littler hard
circles, low limit streak based gadgets and the methods of force utilization of plate stockpiling is
under exploration (Xiong et al, 2012). Along these lines, green figuring innovation empowers
calculation through sharing servers in the web.

Exercise 3: Cloud API Functionalities (2 Marks)

1. The functionalities of API in the given connection are to give the record points of interest of clients of
Sainsbury. This requires the clients to have a record in Sainsbury/nectar to get to the particulars with respect
to the name, money, equalization focuses in a particular record, financial worth, account sort, offers that are
accessible, legitimacy of the offer, ready message of the offer and its strategy for choices (Google, 2015).
Henceforth, different functionalities can be inferred by utilizing APIs.

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 6 of 8

 2. Python nova customer 2.25.0 and summon line API are utilized as a part of the above connection. These
APIs utilize the order nova for its association with the open stack cloud. Both the APIs the fullest of open
stack nova API. The username and secret key of open stack is required for charge line API and the
following step includes the meaning of the verification URL and form of API. On the off chance that
cornerstone is utilized, OS approval URL must be determined (Python, 2015). In this manner, Python Nova
Client 2.25.0 is the API utilized for communicating with open stack cloud.

3. Open stack

Introduction

Open stack is a free distributed computing programming program that empowers a lot of information
calculation, stockpiling and systems administration assets with a codename for every task in operation. As it
is open source programming where any client might alter and add to the product, this open stack
programming is a rise of such kind. It is a coordinated effort of profoundly devoted worldwide group of
engineers, trend-setters, merchants; administration suppliers give registering administrations to the clients.

Open stack falls in the class of IaaS which considers foundation as an administration. Nine key segments
shape the center parts of open stack that are clarified underneath.

Parts OF KEY STACK

Nova: It is the essential motor behind the operations of open stack. It is a fabric controller written in python
and is occupied with administration of substantial virtual machines and treatment of calculation errands.

Quick: It is capacity framework for documents and protests in a vast scale empowering the associations to
depend on open stack for productive stockpiling of information.

Look: It gives picture administrations to open stack where the capacity and recovery procedure are
completed in the virtual machines.

Cornerstone: The character administrations are performed through this code incorporate verification of
different clients.

Skyline: It is the graphical interface of over stack taking into account a django module and to screen the
continuous operations on the cloud.

Neutron: Previously known as quantum, it gives the systems administration capacity to over stack.

Soot: it is a piece stockpiling segment of over stack that helps the entrance of records.

Ceilometers: It includes the charging operations of open stack.

Heat: The foundation required to run a cloud administration (Nectar, 2015). The above area broke down the
parts of Keystack.

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 7 of 8

 Open stack requires certain instruments for its interface and the decision of hardware shifts relying on
necessity.

SDK

These are programming improvement units that include a gathering of data that guides in formation of own
applications by the clients. Java, [Link], python, ruby, .NET ARE a portion of the SDK accessible at
present.

Programming interface

Application programming interfaces utilizes some predefined capacities to investigate the impacts and
components of an administration. At the point when a SDK does not bolster the programming dialect of
clients, then API can be utilized at that case.

The open stack administrations work on the whole to register the cloud. Every one of the administrations
said above have their procedure together at the back end. The techniques utilized as a part of sending API
solicitations are given as takes after: Curl, REST customers, Open Stack charge line customers, Open Stack
Python Software Development Kit (SDK).

Distinctive sources that clarify in insight about the operation and the progressions to continue with the open
stack are boundless over the web. Numerous testing programming has advanced at late times. To begin with
the open stack, numerous connections are accessible online that lets through the procedure and adequate
recommendations are given by those website as per the necessities. New givers are constantly invited in new
stack regardless of the presence of numerous individuals (Open Stack, 2015). The above segment
represented the components and functionalities of Open Stack.

CRICOS Provider No. 00103D Insert file name here Page 8 of 8