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Force and Displacement Transmissibility

This tutorial document covers vibrations caused by base excitation or support motion. It includes derivations of equations for the force and displacement transmissibility ratios. It also provides examples of modeling vehicle suspensions over rough terrain and a vibrating machine mounted on a factory floor. The effects of parameters like damping and velocity on transmitted force and displacement amplitudes are analyzed. Maximum response amplitudes and resonant frequencies are determined for given system properties.

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109 views2 pages

Force and Displacement Transmissibility

This tutorial document covers vibrations caused by base excitation or support motion. It includes derivations of equations for the force and displacement transmissibility ratios. It also provides examples of modeling vehicle suspensions over rough terrain and a vibrating machine mounted on a factory floor. The effects of parameters like damping and velocity on transmitted force and displacement amplitudes are analyzed. Maximum response amplitudes and resonant frequencies are determined for given system properties.

Uploaded by

ethan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Engineering Dynamics 4 MEE4004

Tutorial 1
Vibrations – Support Motion / Base Excitation

1. In the simple case of support excitation shown in Figure 1, derive the equation for the total
force transmitted to the base support and show that the force transmissibility ratio is:

2
 
2 1   2 
FT   
   n 
kY  n   2    
2 2

 1  2    2 
 n   n 

Figure 1
where FT is the amplitude or maximum value of force transmitted to the base support.
Plot a graph of Force Transmissibility Ratio against Frequency Ratio for different values of
damping ratio.
Note: see example 2 in notes.

2. Find an expression for the frequency ratio r = rm at which the displacement transmissibility ratio,
Td, given below attains a maximum value.

X ss 1  2r 2
Td  
Y 1  r   2r 
2 2 2

3. A very common example of base motion is the single-degree-of-freedom model of an


automobile driving over a rough road or an airplane taxiing over a rough runway as indicated in
Figure 3. The road is approximated as sinusoidal in cross section providing a base motion
displacement of:
yt  0.01sint

(i) The vehicle's speed determines the frequency of the base motion, so establish an
expression for  in terms of the vehicle's velocity in km/h,  .
 1  hour  2 rad 
Ans:   km / hr  


   0.2909
 0.006km  3600s  cycle 

(ii) Determine the effect of speed on the amplitude of displacement of two automobiles:
a. supermini of mass 1007kg.
b. medium family sedan of mass 1585kg.

Assume that the suspension system on both cars provides an equivalent stiffness (k) of 4 x 105
N/m and damping (c) of 20 x 103 Ns/m, and consider four speeds in your analysis: 20km/h,
80km/h, 100km/h and 150km/h.

Dr C McCartan
[Link]@[Link] 1
Engineering Dynamics 4 MEE4004

Figure 3. Simple model of a vehicle traveling with constant velocity on a rough surface that is
approximated as a sinusoid.

4. A large rotating machine causes the floor of a factory to oscillate sinusoidally. A punch press is
to be mounted on the same floor. The displacement of the floor at the point where the punch
press is to be mounted is measured to be:
yt  0.1sint cm

Using the base support model analysis in Question 1, calculate the maximum force transmitted
to the punch press at resonance if the machine is mounted on a rubber fitting of stiffness, k =
40000 N/m; damping, c = 900 Ns/m; and mass, m = 3000 kg.
Ans: 489.4N

5. For a vibrograph, in which there is damping between the mass and the vibrating support,
determine the maximum value of the recorded amplitude (the relative amplitude, z, between
the support and the mass) in terms of the amplitude of vibration of the support (y) as the
frequency is varied, if the damping is 0.6 of the critical. Also plot the form of response curve up
to a frequency of four times the natural undamped frequency.
Ans: Max Amplitude Ratio = 1.042 at frequency ratio 1.89

Dr C McCartan
[Link]@[Link] 2

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