MECHANICAL &
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
THE IMPORTANCE OF
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM for BUILDING
Modern Building Function:
• shelters from rain
• shelter from wind
• shelter from snow
• shelter from sun
• shelter from other harsh conditions of nature.
Modern Building System function:
Built to create better, more consistent, more
M&E
productive environments in which to work and to
live.
SYSTEM
THE IMPORTANCE OF e.g:
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL i. Block-type Buildings Without Windows
SYSTEM IN BUILDING (such as department stores),
Building System Features: > totally dependent on electrical lighting (light
• lighting source), ventilation, and space conditioning.
• comfortable space temperature
• humidity
• air quality
• convenient power and
communication capability
• high quality sanitation
• reliable systems for the ii. High Rise Building
protection of life and property. > High rise building rely on high-speed
vertical transportation and high pressure
water for drinking and cleaning purposes and
for protection against fire.
M&E
SYSTEM
TYPES AND FEATURES OF BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS
• Consists of various
complex systems
• Varies according to; living
standards of the society,
climatic conditions,
occupancy & quality of the
building, etc
Example;
House in a mild climate
does not need heating or
cooling,
Bulk storage does not
need heating in winter.
Hospital need a supply of
medical gas,
Office building need
simple cooling device
High-rise building needs
central cooling systems.
M&E
SYSTEM
BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATION
Building Operation
Mechanical Systems Electrical Systems
Systems
• HVAC; (Heating, • Electrical power; • Transportation;
Ventilating and Air (Normal, standby, (Elevators,
Conditioning) emergency power escalators,
• Site utilities; (Water supply and walkways)
supply, storm water distribution) • Processing;
drainage, sanitary • Lighting; (Interior, (Production, food
disposal, gas supply) exterior, emergency service)
• Plumbing; (Water lighting) • Automation;
distribution, water • Auxiliary or support (Environmental
treatment, sanitary system; (Telephone, controls,
facilities) signal, data, audio managements,)
• Fire protection; video, fire alarm, • Special systems
(Water supply, stand security systems)
pipe, fire and smoke
detection, automatic
sprinklers,
annunciation)
• Special systems
M&E
SYSTEM
IMPACT OF BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS
Minor impact Space Planning Highest
Design/Construction
Contribution to
impact level
Priority During
Architectural Design
Construction Cost
Major impact Global Environments
Lowest
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Space Planning
The M&E affects; the gross floor
area, footprint (size & shape of
ground floor), floor to floor height,
geometry, architectural expression
Allocations are made during the
space programming phase to allow
appropriate size and strategic
location
Example; (1) Large office buildings: Central
cooling/heating equipment needs
extra floor to floor height (22ft~),
(2) Commercial Building: Complex ductwork, HVAC
and plumbing needs ceiling cavity (2~3 ft)
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Space Planning- Con’t
* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow the space
required for specialty buildings such as laboratories, computer centers
and residences.
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Architectural Design
Early building design; one room, one window for ventilation and lighting
Modern buildings develops according to the modernization of building M&E systems
(common building geometry figures)
Building Height vs Space utilization; 7 storey (75ft ~) buildings are considered high-rise
(determined by the reach of firefighters ladder), limit the ability for human to walk up and
down stairs > transportation is needed
Height increases = Less usable space on the floor – more floor for stairs, elevators,
structural elements, M/E shafts, etc
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Architectural Design
Building Height Classification:
Low Rise Building: less than 7 storey or lower than 75 feet from street level
High Rise Building: 7 storey – 29 storey
Super High Rise Building: 30 storey – 50 storey
Skyscrapers: 51 storey and above.
Basic Building Shapes
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Construction Cost
Building Height on Construction Cost
Taller buildings needs more time, hoisting equipment and complicated scheduling to raise
M/E materials to upper floors
Buildings more than 10 stories increases 5-15% of cost for the next 5 stories per floor area,
15~ stories increases 10~15%
M&E Systems Vs. Construction Cost
Depends on; the type of building, standard of living, architectural design, the systems selected
Table 1-2: Range of M&E systems costs of buildings
Impact on Operating Cost
Includes; energy consumption, routine maintenance,
repairs, replacements and utilities
Building Structural components (except roof) are
usually long lasting
M&E vs initial capital investment
* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow
the space required for specialty buildings such as
laboratories, computer centers and residences.
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Global Environment
M&E
SYSTEM
Impact on Global Environment
Thermal Heat Island effect at urban
area
Image of Atlanta, Georgia, showing
temperature distribution, with blue
showing cool temperatures, red
warm, and hot areas appear white.
Light Pollution
SYSTEM INTEGRATION &
MANAGEMENT
Integrated Building Management System (IBMS) a complete information delivery system
that monitors and controls a variety of systems and functions at an optimal level of efficiency.
IBMS is an intelligent/smart building system and the system design consists of the following
components :
i. Building automation System
ii. Fire Detection and Alarm System
iii. Public Address System
iv. Security System
M&E
SYSTEM
SYSTEM INTEGRATION & MANAGEMENT
An Integrated Building Management
System (IBMS) is a computer-based
integrated control system.
It is installed in areas like large Residential
compounds, Office buildings, Institution
Campuses,
IBMS mainly consists of the most
crucial systems for the safe and
smooth running of a business area or
building.
Those are, Power systems, Lighting system, Electric power control system,
Ventilation and Air-conditioning System, Security system, Magnetic card and
access system, Fire alarm system, Lifts/ Elevators, Plumbing system, Burglar
alarms, CCTV, Home Automation System, etc.
M&E
SYSTEM
SYSTEM BENEFITS
Better Management
• improved plant reliability and life
• effective response to Ventilation and Air-conditioning
related complaints
• save time and money during the maintenance
• increased staff productivity
Better Control
• good control of internal comfort conditions
• possibility of individual room control
• effective monitoring and targeting of energy consumption
M&E
SYSTEM
End Of Chapter 1
M&E
SYSTEM