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Computer Architecture Basics Tutorial

This document discusses computer architecture and assembly language. It begins with a series of multiple choice questions about topics like the correspondence between machine language and assembly language, advantages of different programming languages, components of the CPU, memory size calculations, memory types, memory hierarchy needs, registers, operating systems, assemblers, and integrated circuits. It then provides exercises on binary conversions between decimal, unsigned, sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. Arithmetic operations in 2's complement format are also demonstrated.

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6 views3 pages

Computer Architecture Basics Tutorial

This document discusses computer architecture and assembly language. It begins with a series of multiple choice questions about topics like the correspondence between machine language and assembly language, advantages of different programming languages, components of the CPU, memory size calculations, memory types, memory hierarchy needs, registers, operating systems, assemblers, and integrated circuits. It then provides exercises on binary conversions between decimal, unsigned, sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. Arithmetic operations in 2's complement format are also demonstrated.

Uploaded by

pastos
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Computer Architecture & Assembly Language

Tutorial # 1

Q1. Fill the blanks in the following questions:


1. There is a one-to-one correspondence between _________________ and
______________________.

2. Advantages of programming in high-level language are: __________________________,


___________________________________ and ________________________________.

3. Advantages of programming in assembly language are: ________________________________


and ___________________________________.

4. The processor consists of two main units: __________________ and _______________.

5. Given an address bus of 20 bits and data bus of 16 bits, the maximum memory size that can be
interfaced with the CPU is __________________ bytes and the maximum number of bytes that
can be read in a single read/write cycle is __________ bytes.

6. _______________ RAM is slower than ____________ RAM but is denser and cheaper.

7. The need for a memory hierarchy is due to


_______________________________________________________________________.

8. Cache memory is faster than ______________________ but slower than


____________________.
9. ______________________ is a register that holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched
from memory.

10. The _________________________________________is considered as an interface between


software and hardware and consists of _______________________,
________________________________ and ___________________________________.

11. _____________________________is a program that manages the resources of a computer for


the benefit of the programs that run on that machine.

12. _____________________________is program that translates from high-level languages to


assembly language.

13. _____________________________is a technology in which a single chip contains hundreds of


thousands to millions of transistors.

Q2. Consider an 8-bit register that has the binary number 10010110. Determine the decimal value of the
number if it represents:
(i) An unsigned number.

(ii) A signed number in sign-magnitude representation.

(iii) A signed number in 1’s complement representation.

(iv) A signed number in 2’s complement representation.

Q3. Perform the following arithmetic operations assuming that numbers are represented using 8-bit 2’s
complement representation. Indicate in your answer when an overflow occurs.
(i) FF + FF

(ii) FE – 80

Q4. Fill the blanks in the following questions:


(i) Assuming unsigned number representation, (F1) 16 represents the decimal number =

(ii) The decimal number 1020 is represented in binary as .

(iii) The binary number 01100011 represents character ………. . Note that the ASCII code of
character A is …….. and that of character …….. is 61H.
(iv) Assuming 4-bit 2`s complement representation, the smallest (negative) number is …….. in
binary and …… in decimal and the largest (positive) number is ……. in binary and …..
in decimal.

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