SEPARATOR F MAPX 210TGV-74-50 In letters, telegrams, telex messages and calls state type and manufacturing No. of the machine. Spec. No.: 1252-5 Book No.: '$99043E 1/9204 ALFA-LAVAL SEPARATION AB. - $-147 80 TUMBA - SWEDENPPA" SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATORS Ay The bow! of a centrifugal separator rotates at a very high speed and great forces are generated, To ensure your own safety, always carefully follow the instruction book(s) concerning installation, assembly of the components, operation and regular maintenance. ‘Always use Alfa-Laval spare parts and tools supplied with the machine, NNevor loosen any part of the machine until the bow! has completely stopped. If oxcesive vibration occurs, IMME- DIATELY fill and keop the bow! full of liguld whilst stopping. Switch off and apply brakes, if fitted. After the bow! has stopped: dismantl, clean and check all pars earstully CL wxf Never operete the machine when the © tembly mark on the lock ring etn pst tho corresponding mark on bowl ody/bow! hood by. more than 25 degrees. Contult your AL rapresentative Nover start the machine before the lok rings of the bow inet, outlet and other fastenings have bean securely tightened. Note that the assembly marks © (or rowed) must be aligned or piss each ‘other (due to thread wear) when the Tock rng i fully tightened. MAINTENANCE (Check at repular intervals for dame due to corrosion and/or erosion, If In doubt, consult your AL representative [Never heat the bow! body, bow hood or Tock ving with a naked fam. Naver eary out any welding work onthe componants thet rotate Switch off and disconnect the power supply to the machine before starting any dlmanting work. [Never use the mechine for soparating a liquid thet tt mor Corrosive or hex a higher density, tompersturs, difere Characters of the sollds, ete. than thet for which the ‘machine hasbeen purchesod, Inease of doubt, consult your AL representative eer © A separator bow is bolonesd ax a complete unit. Do not Interehange the componants of @ bowl with those of any other machine, even if ft the temo type, Make sure that fo parts ae lft out at oxombh Follow the safety instructions concerning inflammable, toxic for corrosive process madia and cleaning apents. Affix infor tation and warning noties in prominent places. 953005ALFA-LAVAL CONTENTS CHAPTER A CHAPTER Useful information Lubrication CHAPTER CHAPTER Technical Inlet information Bowl Outlet CHAPTER CHAPTER Data Operation Trouble tracing CHAPTER CHAPTER L Set of tools Cleaning Maintenance CHAPTER CHAPTER P Installation Power transmission S84971E-2 83-10 784728ALFA-LAVAL CONTENTS CHAPTER R Mounting the motor CHAPTER xX Accessories CHAPTER Ss Frame parts CHAPTER Supplement ALPHABETIC REGISTER 884972E 784 12eALFA-LAVAL ee ALPHABETICAL INDEX Abbreviations ~ Accessories Automatic control - Ball bearings Bowl functions - - lubrication --~---- part numbers -- -) pressure in disc set =) principle - ~~~ » thread check - Cleaning -------------- Cover set (frame hood) - Data 65 Defeinitions - - - = Dimensioned drawing - Frame hood (cover set) ---- Frame parts - General information - Grease: Height adjustment - Installation , dimensioned drawing- =) general information’ - =) of frame =, of operating liquid system~ Interface disposition --~-- ~~ Lubrication =, bowl lock ring Bpo0 =) chart - -) lubricants ; worm gear housing Maintenance Motor =) direction of rotation - -) mounting =) output - = oil ~, exchange ~~~ =) quality -- ~, quantity --- bomP 2 awa wonag one ¢ mmma mam CONTENTS Operation =) directions -» service interruptions --- =» sludge discharge - =, trouble tracing - - Overhaul =) chart - =, checks Paring disc =, in bowl ------------ -, in control device - =, principle Power required Power transmission =» bowl spindle ~-. +) clutch coupling -) part numbers - =, worm Wheel shaft Pressure Safety regulations ---- Seaparation =, interface disposition - liquid seal - operation selection of gravity disc =, selection of level ring - » techniques of, various methods (principle) Sludge discharge =, control valve - =, maintenance, checks =, mechanism in bowl ---- ~; operation -~-- ~, paring disc device : -) piping ------ =) principle - --- =, trouble tracing ------- Spare parts ~, for accessories -) ordering routine =) set of ------ -, special parts Nos. Speed =, revolution counter - -) speed data-~--------- Technical information -- Tools Trouble tracing Chapter be RAE wo DURE XR OVD ANAM Ai AM HbR RUE REO a * Only for machine with automatically controlled (programmed) sludge discharge S88054E (4046-10)ALFA-LAVAL GENERAL INFORMATION Contents - Disposition - Supplement - Type Denomination. Manufacturing Number - Safety Regulations - Lubrication. Cleaning - Special Tools - Abbreviations - Ordering Routine. CONTENTS DISPOSITION Correct installation, suitable treatment of the liquid before and after the passage through the machine, correct operation and handling of the machine ac- cording to the directions given in this book, cleanli- ness, carefulness and methodical overhaul are factors of the greatest importance for ensuring the best ma- chine function and intended results. As appears from the table of contents, the Instruc- tion Book contains instructions concerning installation and operation, dismantling and assembly as well as cleaning and overhaul, Since practically all machine parts have been identified by a part number, the In- struction Book serves also as a PART NUMBER LIST (SPARE PARTS LIST). The Instruction Book deals not only with parts and devices included in the standard design, but also with special and alternative equipment. Parts incorporated in the deal are specified in the packing list accompa- nying the shipment, The constructional particulars given in the Instruction Book are not binding. We reserve the right to make alterations without previous notice. Reconstructions made after delivery are not followed by new Instruc- tion Books. Every chapter of this book has its own reference let- ter which is placed in the right-hand top corner of each page, The chapters are arranged in alphabetical order, Whenever reference is made to a page of the Instruction Book in any form of communication with us, please state the reference letter and the heading of the chapter in question as well as the reference number appearing, preceded by the letter "S", at the bottom of the page. Illustrated pages also carry the drawing number at their bottom, $84962EALFA-LAVAL GENERAL INFORMATION A SUPPLEMENT TYPE DENOMINATION MANUFACTURING No. SAFETY REGULATIONS LUBRICATION CLEANING SPECIAL TOOLS If the Instruction Book is intended for a machine made to special order, supplementary instructions are often given in chapter Y - please check this before placing the machine in service. Supplementary data (on treatment of liquid, weights etc.) are often found also in the technical information submitted in connec- tion with the purchase. The ALFA-LAVAL/DE LAVAL representative is al- ways glad to provide advice and information beyond the contents of this Instruction Book. It may occur that the type denomination on the type plate of the machine and on the title page of the In- struction Book are not exactly identical. In such cases the manufacturing No. of the machine is deter- mining; the correct Instruction Book is always marked with the manufacturing number appearing on the type plate. Always state the type denomination indicated on the type plate when ordering spare: Chapter K contains a survey of the safety regulations which must ABSOLUTELY be observed when the machine is to be used. The electric installation must be done by an experienced electrician with knowledge of the local safety stipulations. It should be noted that, as a rule, the instruction book contains no safety regulations necessitated by any special properties of the process liquid, such as inflammability, toxicity or corrosiveness, As a rule, the mounting instructions are mentioning only what part or parts should be lubricated or cleaned, All information on lubricants and cleaning agents to be used is given in chapters H and L. The design of the special tools appear from chapter F. $84963E-3ALFA-LAVAL GENERAL INFORMATION A ORDERING ROUTINE Model order form Delivery When ordering spare parts always state the PART NUMBER and NAME as well as the TYPE DENOMI- NATION and MANUFACTURING NUMBER of the ma- chine as indicated on the type plate. Always base the spare parts order on an Instruction Book having the manufacturing number of the actual machine stamped on its title page. Part Ouen= Nase of part muster tity Remarks mnamnmamamn }mnmn |m mnmamnmn mamam |m mnamnmnmamn }mnamn {mn mnmnmnmn mnamnm |mn It may occur that the part number of a delivered part differs from that stated in the Instruction Book. In such cases, the new part is at least equivalent to and fully interchangeable with the old one. P.t.o. $84964E-2 1230131ALFA-LAVAL GENERAL INFORMATION A (Ordering Routine, page —— 2 Ie Several manu- facturing numbers Coupling pulley. Belt pulley aie 2) Bowl Manufacturing number Frame Type plate on frame ‘Type denomination Manufacturing number If the machine has been rebuilt after delivery, if the part number is not inserted in the Instruction Book, or when in doubt about the correct part number for other reasons, mention this in the order. In such cases correct statement of the TYPE DENOMINATION and the MANUFACTURING NUMBER indicated on the TYPE PLATE is particularly valuable. If the manufacturing numbers indicated on the bowl and on the type plate (frame) differ from each other, state both of them, Besides part number and name (see chapter R) also state the dimensions b, c and D of the motor shaft. When ordering a coupling pulley also state the suitable nave length a. $84965E-2 1230131ALFA-LAVAL GENERAL INFORMATION A ABBREVIATIONS h = hour ¥.p.m. = revolutions per minute c/s = Hz = cycles per second # = diameter SAE-clas = indication of oil viscosity according to Society of Automotive Engineers SSU = Saybolt Seconds Universal: indication of oil viscosity og = degree Engler: indication of oil viscosity EP = Extreme Pressure: lubricants made capable of resisting high contact pressures through admixture of additives. ASTM = American Society for Testing Materials. NLGI-classes = clas means of penetration after processing according to ication of lubricating grease by National Lubricating Grease Institute, USA. ISO. = standards of processing according to Interna- tional Organization for Standardizing. $85458E 42ee-4em=9——semwyaroty xn setonzo =11 setoneeans MOET INL sepa ahaa wusre= tnt exzoro-ne snout anv om ® i & ul = aimesdwa, —— aUinjon, awinjon aanssaig aunssoig wba} sseW 123115254ALFA-LAVAL Function - Definitions - Processing Methods - Sludge - Discharge - Automatic Con- trol - Choice between va: Special Recommendations. Factors influencing the Process - rious Possibilities of Adjuetment - Information on for instance the treatment of the process liquid is contained also in the t echnical information sent to you in connection with the purchase of the machine. FUNCTION DEFINITIONS Throughput Reception ability Purification Clarification Concentration The purpose of the operation is either to liberate a liquid from strange particles, or to separate two intermixed liquids. This means the quantity of liquid supplied per unit time. The throughput is given in cu.m/h or 1/h (Imp. galle/h). This means the largest liquid quantity that the bowl can treat per unit time, expressed in cu.m/h or 1/h (Imp. galls/n). A liquid - liquid separation in which the machine is used for separating two intermixed liquide, which are insoluble in each other and have different specific gravities. Solids with specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can be separated off at the same time. A liquid - sludge separation in which the machine is used to separate particles, normally solid ones, from a liquid having a lower specific gravity than that of the particles. A liquid - liquid separation in which the machine is used for separating two intermixed liquids, which are insoluble in each other and have different specific gravities, the heavier liquid constituting the major part of the mixture. Solids with specific gravities higher than those of the liquids can be separated off at the same time. S84859EALFA-LAVAL TECHNIQUE OF SEPARATION B Solids ejection Total ejection Partial ejection Combined programme Emptying of the bowl during operation by uncovering and closing slots in the bowl wall. Total emptying of the bowl with the feed (as a rule) turned off. Total or partial emptying of the solids space in the bowl but without emptying the rest of the bowl. The feed need not be interrupted. A combination of total and partial ejections in succession, FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SEPARATION Difference in specific gravity Size and shape of particles Viscosity Time in centrifugal field The centrifugal force acts on all particles proportionally to their specific gravity. This applies to solid particles as well as to fluid particles. The greater the difference in specific gravity, the easier the separation. The larger the particle, the quicker the sedimentation. The particles to be separated off must not be so small that the mixture is close to colloidal state. The smooth and round particle is easier separated off than the irregular one. Rough treatment, e.g. in pumps, can split the particles, with reduced size and separating speed as a result, The more fluid a liquid is, the quicker is the separating process and the better the separation — in other words, low viscosity improves the separation result, The viscosity can in many cases be reduced by heating, If the separation is not satisfactory, the throughput must be reduced. Lower throughput gives, normally, a better separation result. $84966E-2ALFA-LAVAL CONCENTRATION Centrifugal force Bowl parts Process liquid Heavy liquid phu se Light liquid phase Solids Diameter of pf 14] inner outlet Diameter of outer outlet Diameter of D3] interface Bee feu] [Pa [ps] TECHNICS OF SEPARATION B Concentrator bowl This bowl has two outlets, The process liquid flows through the distributor to the interspace between the bowl discs, where the liquid phases are separated from each other by action of the centrifugal force. The heavy phase and any solids move along the underside of the bowl discs to- wards the periphery of the bowl, where the solids settle on the bowl wall. The heavy phase proceeds along the upper side of the top disc towards the neck of the bowl hood and discharges over the gravity disc — the outer way (blue in the illustration), The light phase moves along the upper side of the bowl discs towards the bowl centre and dis- charges via the top disc neck — the inner inner way (yellow in the illustration). $83573E-2ALFA-LAVAL PARING DISC MITT The paring disc has for its object to discharge the liquid under pressure. The liquid rotates, driven by the ro- tating paring chamber, in the form of a ring around the paring disc. This dips radially, to a greater or smaller depth, into the rotating liquid ring, which exerts a pressure rising rapidly with increasing diameter. The pressure produced by the paring disc is com~- posed partly of the "centrifugal pres- sure" prevailing at the periphery, part- ly of the kinetic energy of the rotating liquid ring which is converted more or less completely into pressure energy. When the throughput is small and there is no back pressure in the discharge line, the inner diameter of the liquid ring will practically equal the outer diameter of the paring disc. If the li- quid must overcome a back pressure, such as a high delivery head or pres- sure-absorbing apparatuses, the dia- meter of the liquid ring in the paring chamber will diminish until the back pressure is neutralized. Thus the par- ing disc will pump out all liquid fed to the paring chamber (notwithstanding the back pressure) up to the highest pres- sure the paring disc can produce at this liquid quantity. (cont.) $81457EALFA-LAVAL TECHNICS OF SEPARATION B Liquid seal In a purifier bowl the so-called liquid seal prevents the light phase from passing the outer edge of the top disc, i.e. taking the outer way. Thus the bowl must be filled with sealing liquid before the process liquidis supplied, The sealing liquid is subsequently forced to- wards the bowl periphery so as to form a liquid ring confined inwardly by the so-called interface between the light phase and the heavy one, The position of the interface will depend partly on the ratio between the specific gravities of the two liquid phases, partly on the size of the diameters in the outer and the inner outlet(D, and D, respectively). The sealing liquid: 0 Must be insoluble in the light phase. © May be soluble in the heavy phase. 0 Must not be heavier than the heavy phase. Normally,—the-heavy phase is used as sealing liquid. Note: Provided the content of heavy phase in the liquid mixture is sufficiently high (min, 25%), it may in some cases do to feed the process liquid to the bowl, The liquid seal will then build up auto- matically in some time. Hydrostatic balance If the specific gravity of the light phase is s, and the specific gravity of the heavy phase is 8), the hydrostatic bal- ance can be expressed as follows: 2 2 ee) 8. 2 2 2 DZ - DY Disposition of interface The purifier bowl is adjusted for se- paration of liquid mixtures with various specific gravity ratios by altering the diameter of the outlet for the heavy phase (D2). The heavier or more vis- cous the light phase and the larger the liquid feed, the smaller the diameter should be. For this purpose a number of gravity discs with various hole dia- meters is delivered with the machine. Where to dispose the interface depends on which phase should be delivered pure, and on the proportions between the amounts of the two phases as well. If the light phase is wanted more free from the heavy one, the interface should be placed nearer the bowl periphery, however not so far from the bowl centre that the liquid seal breaks (the gravity disc is too large). If the heavy phase is wanted more free from the light one, the interface should be placed nearer the bowl centre, how- ever not inside the outer edge of the discs (gravity disc too small), as this would prevent the liquid flow. $85099EALFA-LAVAL SLUDGE DISCHARGE Total or partial discharge (operating slide) TECHNICAL INFORMATION B The sludge discharge takes place through a number of sludge ports in the bowl wall. Between discharges these ports are closed by a large valve slide (a), the sliding bowl bottom, which constitutes an inner, sliding pottom in the separating space. The sliding bowl bottom is forced upwards against a seal ring (b) by the liquid pressure acting on its underside. During rotation, this pressure increases with the distance from the axis of rotation because of the centrifugal force, The operating liquid exerts an upward pressure exceeding the counter-acting downward pressure from the process liquid, because the underside of the sliding owl bottom has a larger pressure surface (radius Rj) than its upper side (radius R2). Operating liquid is supplied on the underside of the owl through a paring disc device. Leakage or evap- oration of operating liquid is made up for automati- cally by the paring disc, which maintains a constant horizontal operating liquid level (radius R,), as its pumping effect neutralizes the static preséure from the supply. This feed of operating liquid through the inner, nar- rower tube is going on also during the discharge cycle shown in the following illustrations but has not been indicated in the latter, as it is of minor effect in this connection, S86170E 12304054,ALFA-LAVAL TECHNICAL, INFORMATION B (Sludge Discharge, page 2) Operating liquid is now supplied through the outer, wider tube so that it flows over the lower. edge of the paring chamber (radius Rj). and con- tinues through a channekous té, the space above an operating slide. (c). Between discharges the operating slide is pressed upwards by coil springs. It is now forced downwards by the liquid pressure, thereby opening discharge valves (d) from the space below the sliding bowl bottom 30 that the operating liquid in this space flows out. When the pressure exerted by the operating liquid against the under- side of the sliding bowl bottom di- minishes, the latter is forced down- wards and opens so that the sludge is ejected from the Bowl ‘through the sludge ports in the bowl wall, The operating liquid on the upper side of the operating slide flows out through a nozzle (g). This nozzle is always open but 80 small that the outflow is negligible in view of the rapid inflow shown in the foregoing illustration. S86371E 1230405B-C.ALFA-LAVAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION B (Siudge Discharge, page 3) The coil springs force the operating slide (c) upwards again, which closes the discharge valves (d) from the space below the sliding bowl bottom (a). Operating liquid is supplied through the outer, wider tube, but only enough to flow to the space below the sliding bowl bottom (a) and force the latter upwards so that the bowl is closed. (Any surplus supply of operating liquid flows through the channel to the operating slide, opening the bow! again). The discharge cycle is accomplished when the situation is indentical with that shown in the first illustration in the series (but for the absence of sludge), The outers wider tube is now closed, whereas the inner, nar- rower operating liquid intake is still open, The paring disc device counter- balances the static pressure from the operating liquid supply. The situation is identical with that shown in the first illustration of the series but for the difference that the sludge discharge cycle is now accomplished. $86172E, 1230405D-EALFA-LAVAL C , DATA Supplementary particulars (such as weight data) are contained in the technical information sent to you in connection with the purchase of the machine, MOTOR DATA Power required Suitable motor output: 11.0 kW (15 BP). Working power at 1.5 kg/om* back pressure: 5m Ff approx 7.5 kW (10 HO), 8m 3a approx. 9.0 kW (12 HP). SPEED in r, p.m. The prescribed speed of the worm wheel shaft, which must not be exceeded, is stamped on the type plate of the machine. WORM WHEEL SHAFT, Drive (motor) 1420 - 1500* | 1700 - 1800+* 1420 - 1500 | 1700 - 1800 1g - 125 142 - 150 Tachometer Revolution counter with direct coupling: 4-polar, 50 c/s A.C. mo- tor or D.C, motor. 4% with direct coupling: 4-polar, 60 c/s A.C. mo- tor. LUBRICATING OIL Depending on working temperature — see lubrication chart. ACCELERATION TIME From 0 to operation speed: approx. 3 minutes. OPERATING LIQUID Low-pressure liquid: (from tank): 0,15 - 0.30 kg/cm”, : High-pressure liquid: 1.5 - 3.0 kg/cm? (21. 4- 42.7 ps FLUSHING and SEA- Pressure: 2 - 4 kg/cm” (28.45 - 56.9 pais). LING LIQUID Temperature: max. 93°C (200°F). S99044E (1252-5)'ALFA-LAVAL, SET OF TOOLS The special tools for the bowl are preferably hung up as close © to the machine (or the cleaning place) as possible. If a tool is provided with left-hand screwed joint, this has been spe- cially pointed out in the dismantling and assembling instructions. Notification in this respect is not made where right-hand thread is concerned. TOOLS for BOWL Spanner for small Lifting tool lock ring for distributor == 519226-80 == 74387 Spanner for large Lifting tool for lock ring distributing cone =~ 71889 | == 519219-80 Lifting tool for sliding bowl bottom, Pin spanner for control paring disc == 516774-80 Spanner for cap nut =~ 73448 Lifting tool for bowl, bowl hood and bowl body, complete -- 519216-83, comprising: Spindle == 520555-80 Spindle =+ 517731-80 Puller =~ 519216-82 S87848E-2 8205 1230262CALFA-LAVAL. TOOLS for BOWL SPINDLE Ball bearing ler == 73850 Washer for puller == 65375 Puller for ball bearing of top bearing -- 65379 Lifting eye nut for bowl spindle == 68996 MISSION 899045 (1252-5) Lifting pin for bottom bearing parts == 37682 TOOLS for POWER TRANS- Puller for nave =- 523249-80 Pin spanner for round nuts == 72719 SET OF TOOLS F Driving-on sleeve for ball bearing of nave == 65374 Extractor bolt for lip seal ring =- 5267181 GENERAL TOOLS Drift ee small -- 2279 large -- 37666 Screw driver Ea———_—sC*=w-: 06772 15/55 =- 520551- Spanner 19/24 =—Ss mm =~ 42354 T-handle == 72243 Extension rod == 72244 Socket 14 mm -- 73376 g mm -- 73377 oO Templet for height adjust- ment == 71942 Pin spanner for feed pipe == 519646-3 press for fit oa)=7 ting erosion protection inserts =-7006669-81 1230262AALFA-LAVAL INSTALLATION DIMENSIONED DRAWING 10 n 2 3 15 1% ” 6 9 20 2 2 2 3 2% 2 Pa 23 30 3 2 3 % 35 38 ” 36 3 This chapter deals with the mounting of the machine and with the actions to be taken before the first start. The ALFA-LAVAL representative is always glad to provide further advice and information. All measurements needed for the installation are given in the dimensioned drawing, the reference numbers of which are explained below. (The table applies to several types of separator and thus comprises more reference numbers than are found in the drawing.) Feed From heater To heater Light effiuent Heavy effluent Solid effluent Overflow liquid Drain Auxiliary quid for liquid seal Auxiliary Liquid for Hquld seal ‘Auxiliary Maule Flushing liquid Self-emptying Siz or other gas (except steam) Operating Liquid Operating Liquid Cosine air Gosling sir Ventitation Ventilation Return flow Electric connection Efiuent Raw material Treated raw material Steam Waste Weuid Flushing liquid Reagent Flushing liquid Barrier liquie Barrier quia Barrier Liquid Barrier Liquid Waste Liquid Ventilation Air or other gas (except steam) Water feed Outlet for bow! emptying 40 a 32 a a5 4 48 9 50 51 52 53 54 35 56 Ed 58 59 60 é1 62 6 6 6 6 68 59 70 n R B “4 6 8 n a n met Oetiee Concentrate Sperating Isquid Sentiiatien Air of other gar (except steam Waste Tiguia” a Constant pressure valve Siow meter Shutoff valve Control valve Flow indiestor ‘Sight glass Electsie connection Brake handle Revolution counter Of fling screw Oil gauge glass Oil drain ec Waste liquid Shuteoff valve Feed pump Strainer Light liguid food Heavy Liguid feed Light eftivent Heavy effivent Barrier liquid ‘Air or other g Protective axe (except steam) Protective gas Electric’ connection Cream Thermometer Sereiner ‘Steam preheater Operating water tank ‘Siege tank Sludge pump Softening {iter 20 a 82 3 a4 as 88 7 33 89 90 31 92 93 98 95 96 8 8 100 101 oz 103 105 105, Condensation water Interface control Pump for feed and discharge Discharge pump Threewvay valve Plave heat exchanger Simm Bowl owl emptying Braw-oll Nozzle flow Flow-contral valve Flushing Liguia Barrier liquid, Check valve Pressure regulator Pressure gauge Fined throttling Pilot lights, Indicator gas Cooling quia Compressed air Vavration ewiteh OW level ewiteh Protective ga Protective gas $89629E-2ALFA-LAVAL (oan 200 s99046ES99047E"ALFA-LAVAL INSTALLATION G ee UNPACKING FOUNDATION FRAME, ERECTION LUBRICATION HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT BOWL, INLET. OUTLET When unpacking take care not to scratch metallic or printed surfaces. Check by means of the packing list that all parts have been unpacked. ‘The foundation must be plane and solid and can con- sist of girders, concrete or the like,Bolt dimensions, distance between the bolts etc. appear from the dimensioned drawing. The distance to the nearest wall must not be smaller than the minimum stated in the dimensioned drawing. Arrange pipes, pumps and other apparatuses so that they are easily accessible for inspection. See chapter S, Necessary measurements are found in the dimensioned drawing. Never start the machine unless there is oil in the worm gear housing. See chapter H. Check as described in chapter L. Dismantle and (if necessary) clean the parts in con- tact with liquid - see chapter I, Make sure the seal rings are fitted in their places (in some cases they are packed separately in the pack box). ‘The seal ring in the lower edge of the bowl hood must be protected against injury. The bowl hood should, therefore, be placed on a soft base such a5 wood or rubber. (cont.) $85585E-2ALFA-LAVAL INSTALLATION G (Bowl, Inlet. Outlet, page 2) MOTOR MOUNTING CONNECTION TO MAINS Note. ACCESSORIES Piping Sludge tank Screw the three screws out of the distributing ring. The ring is later to be secured to the bowl body by these screws. If the cap nut sits on the bowl spindle unscrew it (clockwise) before mounting the bowl body. Before running, the bowl must be assembled as di- rected in chapter I. See chapter R. Connect the motor to mains so that the bowl will rotate CLOCKWISE, The machine must never be started unless the bowl is placed on the spindle and the worm gear housing contains lubricating oil in the prescribed quantity and of the proper quality. If the machine is to be run up to full speed the covers must, besides, be fastened. For installation of pumps, strainers etc., if any, see chapter X. Fit the pipes and hoses so that the inlet and outlet connections of the machine are not subjected to strain. Tightweld (hard-solder) internal pipe ends in con- nection sleeves so as to avoid dirt-collecting pockets. This is particularly important in plants on which high hygienic demands are made, such as in the food industry. Grind and polish all welding seams (hard-solderings) carefully. All attachements should be made so as to allow varia- tions in length and to prevent transmission of strains and vibrations. Blow or flush out each section of the piping after mounting, Also flush out the whole pipe system after installation so that metallic ashes and other impuri- ties are removed entirely and cannot get into the machine, pumps or other apparatuses. This tank should hold at least 500 lit, (110 Imp. galls). The pipe must extend vertically from the sludge outlet of the machine. $85240E-2 784613ALFA-LAVAL 1 Feed 4 _Béfluent, light phase 5 Effluent, heavy phase 6 Sludge 15 Operating liquid, low pressure 15a Control valve for closing 16 Operating liquid, high pressure Control valve for opening Flow meter Control valve Operating liquid tank Dehardening filter Pressure gauge $99048E (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL OPERATING LIQUID SYSTEM Operating liquid Operating liquid tank Bowl for total discharge Automation The design of the control mechanism determines what type of sludge discharge is performed. The control mechanism can be constructed to give total, rapid total, partial or combined discharge of the bowl, and the actual type of discharge is stated in each case on the perspective bowl draining in chapter 1. The discharge will be performed properly when opera- ting liquid is supplied at the correct pressure, at the right time and in the correct quantities during correct- ly calculated periods. Pure, soft water can be used as operating liquid. Hard water will involve a risk of lime deposits, which may obstruct the narrow channels in the operating liquid system with service interruptions as a result. The demands on the softness of the water increase with the operating temperature, since lime precipita- tion is more liable to occur at higher temperature. Addition of a dehardening agent or provision of a dehardening filter in the operating liquid line will prevent lime precipitation. ‘The operating liquid tank, which should be made of copper or stainless steel and should hold 50-100 1 (11-22 Imp. galls), must be placed so that the liquid level will be lying within the measurement limits stated in the figure for correct height above the con- trol valve. In case of insufficient space the tank may be replaced by a reducing valve or the like. Such an arrangement may, however, be less reliable than a tank. Besides, the tank system saves liquid during operation, since the back pressure of the control paring disc is in this case balanced in an open system. When the machine is equipped with bowl for total discharge and the discharge should be controlled manually (by means of control valve), the operating liquid system must be arranged as shown in the adjoining figure: Low-pressure liquid from the tank — closes the bowl and keeps it closed during operation, High-pressure liquid from the water line — opens the bowl (supply to be shut off during operation). The sludge discharge cycle can be automated — see special directions for programmed sludge discharge (automatic control), S85587E-2ALFA-LAVAL INSTALLATION G FULLY AUTOMATED SYSTEM ALARM DEVICE CHECK CLEANING PLACE In connexion with the automatization of the operating liquid system it is preferable and in some cases even necessary to automatize also the other actions connec- ted with the sludge discharge (such as interruption of the feed to the bowl). If the automatic system is included in the delivery, the installation and operation is carried out according to the accompanying directions for programmed dis- charged (automatic control), otherwise consult an ALFA-LAVAL/DE LAVAL representative on the choice of suitable equipment. Pressure drops in pipes from the machine during operation can indicate a liquid loss. Such pressure drops will occur if the bowl does not close or closes only partly, and, in purification when the liquid seal breaks so that light phase runs out through the out- let for the heavy phase. Whether the machine is automated or not it is suitable, with closed systems, to provide a guard such as a pressostat with alarm device. With a purifier the pressostat is fitted in the conduit for light phase and with a clarifier in the conduit for clarified liquid. The device should be of such a design that the alarm impulse from the pressostat is blocked when a normal pressure drop occurs, e.g. in connexion with normal sludge dis- charge. Before putting the machine to service check the installation, ascertaining in particular: o that the worm wheel shaft rotates at prescribed speed and that the bowl rotates in the correct direction © that the nuts of the resilient frame anchorage are tightened (finally adjusted) according to the directions in chapter S o that the directions under heading BEFORE STAR- TING in chapter K have been followed. A table, a stand or the like affording place for the bowl and its special tools should be placed as close to the machine as possible. s85029E,ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION It should be understood that the mentioning of certain brands as examples of a suitable lubricant does not involve an ex- clusion of other brands with equivalent properties, ABREVIATIONS — see chapter A, The machine is delivered without oil in the worm gear housing. It must NOT be started unless oil in the quantity and of the quality prescribed has been supplied. A change of the separating tempera- ture can make it necessary to replace the oil by oil of a different type. Lubricants, oil as well as grease, must be kept in clean, closed cans to prevent penetration of dust and moisture and to reduce the oxidizing effect to the air as far as possible. The storing room should be dry and cool. $87506E 784728 (4139-2)ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION POINT Worm gear Separating temp.+ = SAE 50 = EPI Ambient temp.: lowest 10°C (50°F) Oi quantity: 121 (2.6 UK gal) LUBRICANT 15-70°C (60-160°F) 70-95°C (160-205°F) LUBRICATION H Oil level in upper half of the gauge glass. Filling before first starting First ofl exchange after 300 hours “operation, then after every period of 1500 hours ‘operation. In seasonal operation before every operating period. Cleaning before exchange. Bowl spindle tapered end Molybdenum disulfi paste. on Grease ide Always before putting the bowl body on the spindle, however at least once a month. Apply sparsely to avoid slipping but suffi- ciently to avoid seizing. Clutch coupling Inave greases. Anyone of the recom- mended ball bearing Renewal of grease once a year, as well as cleaning of bearings and bearing seats. Grease the bearings and fill the space around the spacing sleeve to approx. one third. greases. S87581E (4046-10, 12hk) mended ball bearing Renewal of grease once a year, as well as cleaning of bearings and bearing seats. Grease the bearings and fill the space around the spacing sleeve to approx. one third. 1230706ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION H Other machine Parts of stainless Before every mounting. parts steel: Molybdenum disulfide O@ grease, EP-lubri- Motor Observe, however, that the conveyor pulley must eatingterexueloe NEVER be lubricated. equivalent. Parts of steel: Oil as recommended for the worm gear housing. Follow motor supplier’s re- commendations. Follow motor supplier’s recommendations. Bowl lock ring and other bowl parts See special re- commendations below. See special recommenda- tions below. Feed pump Lubricated by process liquid Continous Lubrication during operation. $875095 1230707 (4139-2)ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION H ee LUBRICANTS Lubricating oil for worm gear For choise of lubricating oil type follow the recommen- dations given in the lubrication schedule. housing The oil types mentioned in the table must meet the de- mands on quality stated below. When in doubt consult an authorized ALFA-LAVAL representative. Always use a high grade lubricating oil. SAE-oils Max. viscosity | Min. Pour viscosity| point index anno Examples BP Energol Gear 300 EP Caltex Meropa Lubricant 3 Gulf EP Lubricant 75 Mobil Compound DD Shell Macoma 72 BP Energol Gear 425 Caltex Meropa Lubricant 3 Gulf EP Lubricant 115 Mobil Compound EE Shell Macoma 75 Mobil Mobilube HD 80 - 90 Gulf Transgear EP 80 - 90 Observe © Special Diesel cylinder lubricating oils containing amine type additives (generally intended for heavy- oil-burning marine diesel engines) and "multigrade"’ motor-car lubricating oils should not be used. © Never intermix oils of different makes, as they may contain different components. 387507E-3 (4139-2)ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION H Lubricants, page 2) z' Molybdenum di- sulfide paste Molybdenum di- sulfide grease Ball bearing grease Lubricating grease. Consistent grease. oil Examples: Molykote Paste G Rocol Anti-Scuffing Paste Examples: Molykote BR-2 Molykote BR-3 Polyethylene-castor oil paste or polytetrafluoro ethylene- castor oil paste is recommended for machines used in the food industry or where dark-coloured lubricants are unsuitable. Always use a high grade lithium soap type ball bearing grease according to NLGI-class 2 or 3 and usable at temperatures above 100°C (212°F), Drop point about 180°C (356°F) according to ASTM D 566-44, Examples: BP Energrease 2 or 3, Caltex Starfak premium Grease 2 or 3, Castrol Spheerol AP Grease 2 or 3, Esso Beacon Grease 2 or 3, Gulfcrown Grease 2 or 3, Mo- bilux Grease 2 or 3, Shell Alvania Grease 2 or 3. Always use one of the recommended ball bearing greases. Use the oil recommended for the worm gear housing | S85453E-3ALFA-LAVAL Bowl vusrrcation H Before every assembly wipe clean the threads of lock rings, bowl body and bowl hood as well as the contact surfaces between these parts. If necessary, they should be cleaned with a clean cloth moistened with cleaning agent (see chapter L). After wiping, lubricate them according to one of the alternatives below. Alternative 1 When the bowl lock ring is made of stainless steel or monel metal and the bowl body and/or the bowl hood are of stainless steel, the lock ring carries the symbol shown in the adjoining drawing. The following lubrication procedure is recommended: 1, PRIMING with molybdenum disulfide paste. Rub or brush in the paste sparsely all over the surface — follow the directions printed on the wrapping, if any. Always prime new parts as well as parts which have lost their previously applied primer due to e.g. thorough cleaning or machining. 2. LUBRICATION with molybdenum disulfide grease after priming, and before assembly after routine dismantling as well. Polyethylene-castor oil paste, polytetrafluoroethylene-castor oil paste or some other equivalent lubricant can be used for machines emploied in the food industry or where dark-coloured lubricants are unsuitable. Alternative 2 When the lock ring is made of carbon steel priming is normally unnecessary, lubrication alone will do — for lubricant see above. If practical experience shows that no inconveniences occur, consistent grease, oil as prescribed for the worm gear housing, castor oil, tallow or liquid paraffin may be used as lubricant. However, if a tendency to seizing is observed, al- ternative 1 must be applied, S854555-3 1230193ALFA-LAVAL LUBRICATION H (Bowl from above) (Bowl reversed) FY Lock ring Screw E > Lock ring Ss Spring C > support CY Bowl hood LSS” Operating slide ge Screw Bowl body Bowl body Bowl spindle cone All “dotted” surfaces on the drawing must be cleaned and lubricated before the parts are assembled. Follow the special lubricating directions on the pre- vious page. S85594E-4 1230321ALFA-LAVAL 899050B (1252-5)ACERERVAE I s99051E MAPX (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL FRAME HOOD. PARTS MOUNTED ON FRAME HOO! 10 un 12 1s 16 a7 18 1g 20 21 22 23 — see chapter L, Height adjustment. INLET, OUTLET | 7005524-01 67035, 524104-02 190603 530109 524103-02 190603 524102-80 71686 442150 524110-02 532148-02 43596 519463-02 710624 221854-03 20758 520548-01 517684-81 71143 518692-02 Dismantling necessary to allow dismantling of hood. CONNECTING PIPES Filler piece Seal ring Connection piece Packing Inlet pipe Connection piece Packing Conn, housing o-ring o-ring (3) Coupling nut (3) Sleeve a) Clamp screw Clamping stirrup Height adj. ring*** cap nut «@ Washer cy) Screw @ Guide ring Stud bolt (4) Frame hood Avoid dismantling unless height position of paring discs is to be adjusted 0-6 rings, Unmounted rings are packed together with the spare parts. $99052E (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL INLET. BOWL. OUTLET | — DISMANTLING ASSEMBLY Note that dismantling must not be commenced until the bowl has stopped — check this by means of the revolution counter. Routine dismantling, e.g. to make the bowl accessible for cleaning, is preferably done as follows: © Loosen the coupling nuts of the feed pipe and dis- charge pipes and turn the pipes aside. © Slacken the clamp screw and pull out the flow indi- cator, handling its pipe with care. When necessary take apart the indicator (as well as the other parts) according to the perspective drawing in chapter X. o Remove the upper connection piece and the connec- ting housing. (Do not loosen the guide ring unless the height position should be adjusted.) © Loosen the hinged bolts and remove the hood. o Dismantle the bowl — see following. Clean all parts. Carefully lubricate threads and con- tact surfaces, particularly the thread of the inlet pipe. Screw the pipe firmly. Check the height position of the paring discs before the first start and after exchange of parts — see chapter L, Height adjustment. S85346E,ALFA-LAVAL SDI790129 eee Nummerstampling av kulans insatsplatar har upphért DA det ej langre anses vara nédvandigt att placera insatsplatarna i nummerféljd i kulan, har nummerstimpling av insatspldtarna upphért. De delar i instruktionsboken som féreskriver att insatspldtarna skall placeras i nummerféljd galler ej langre. Punching of numbers on bowl discs As it is no longer considered necessary to assemble the bowl discs in numerical sequence the punching of numbers on thé bowl discs has ceased, ‘The parts in the instruction books that prescribe a mounting in numerical sequence are therefore no longer valid. Nummerieren der Binsatzteller entfallt Da es nicht langer notwendig ist die Einsatzteller in vorher bestimmten reihenfolge zu montieren, hat man mit der Nummerierung der einzelnen Einsatzteller aufgehért. Die Abschnitte im instruktionsbuch welche auf der artige Nummerierung hinweisen sind ab jetzt Ungiultig. Léstampage de numéros des disques du bol_supprimé Puisqu‘il n’est plus nécessaire de monter les disques du bol dans l’ordre numérique le numérotage des disques du bol a été supprimé, Les parties des manuels d‘instructions qui recommandent un montage dans cet ordre ne seront plus prises en considération. El_estampado de los platos en orden numérico suprimido Ya que no mds es necesario montar los platos del rotor en orden numérico el estampado ha sido suprimido. Por esto no més se tomardn en consideracién las partes de los libros de instrucciones que recomiendan un montaje en este orden. $95458S, E,T,F,Sp——_—— i f \ i i i | I AQ | YY WV Yy CBWE RSS if SS 5990538 am (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL s99054E (1252-5)BOWL ALFA-LAVAL <2 RULA Part No. ay. Part name Bendmning seed Delnr. 7005116-82 1| Bowl (complete) Kulan (komplet) 1 540132-02 1| Lock ring * | LAsring 2 73212 1| o-ring +* | o-ring 3 7005525-80 1| Paring disc ++ | Skalskiva 4 71866 1| o-ring ++ | O-ring 5 _517774-02 1| Packing Packning 6 Gravity disc Refleringsbricka 532143-03 Hole diam. in mm 99.5 | Haldiameter 99.5 mm 53214304 103 103 532143-10 106 106" 532143-11 ce 108 * Goes as 532143-05 * 110 110 532143-12 112 112 532143-06 115 " liste 532143-18 - 117 " ee 532143-07 ce 119 " 9 * 7 518782-01 1|Zock ring +/+e* | Lasring 8 223401-77 1| o-ring o-ring 9 §18701-02 1| Bowl hood +x | Kulhuv 10 71440 1|Seal ring Tatningsring 11 67587 1| O-ring o-ring 12 §18700-04 1| Top disc xx | Overplat 13 523130-83 1| Paring disc x* | Skalskiva 14 Level ring Nivaring 518699-06 Hole pitch diam, in mm 74|Haldelningsdiam. 74 mm 15 223406-08 1| O-ring O-ring 16 7004861-82 102| Bowl disc/0.8mm calks Insatsplat/0. 8mm klammor 7004861-81 1-3 2 O.6mm =” . 70.6mm —" 17 518691-81 1| Distributor +0 | Pordelare 18 7005971-01 1| cap nut +/+* | Kepselmutter 19a 22341204 1| o-ring O-ring 19 7006134~80 1) Distributor cone xx | Pordelningskona 20 42154 1| O-ring o-ring 21 518711-02 1| Sliding bowl bottom Slidtallrik 22 67575 1| o-ring o-ring 23 520401-04 3| Screw ++.| Skruv 24 539930-81 1| Bowl body +x* | Kulkropp 25 2210942-35, 3| screw skruv 26 §40627-01 1| Spring holder Fjaderhllare 21 223408-04 1| O-ring O-ring 28 71181 18| Spring Fjader 29 515133-02 1| Nozzle Munstycke 30 539927-03 1| operating slide Manéverslid 31 518549-01 3| Valve plug Ventilpropp 32 223412-05 1| O-ring o-ring 33 523188-01 2| Plug Propp * Left-hand thread * Vanstergingad se: Not included in the complete-unit | ** Ingar ej i kulans komplett- No. of the bowl, nummer. wi Exchange necessitates rebalancing — |*** Utbyte nddvandiggdr ombalan- send the complete bowl to an author- sering — skicka in hela kulan till ized ALFA-LAVAL representative. en ALFA-LAVAL representant. $99055E (1252-5 70-kula)ALFA-LAVAL BOWL l —_————— CLEANING, OVERHAUL. Satisfactory functioning cannot be ensured unless the LUBRICATION EXCHANGE of PARTS GUIDES SEAL RINGS. PACKINGS THREADS. PRESSURE IN DISC SET CORROSION. EROSION parts in contact with liquid are carefully cleaned be~ fore assembly. This applies particularly to seal rings, sliding surfaces, guiding and contact surfaces, and threads. Also take care that no burrs are knocked up on the metal parts when handling them. Follow the directions given in chapter L and H, Each bowl constitutes a balanced unit which will get out of balance if any parts having an "*" added to their part number in the general drawing are ex- changed without the bowl being rebalanced. To pre- vent confusion of parts, for instance when a plant consists of several machines of the same type, these main parts are stamped either with the complete manufacturing number or its three last digits. When assembling make sure that the parts are placed in the position defined by the guides. Be careful not to damage the guides when handling the parts. Check seal rings and packings for defects and make sure that the corresponding grooves and sealing sur- faces are well cleaned, After mounting check: ... that the ring lies properly (not twisted) in the groove. vss that it fills the groove evenly all around. Check the lock ring threads and the pressure in the disc set at regular intervals — see chapter L. Aggressive liquids as well as liquids containing very hard particles may cause corrosion and erosion damage. If rapidly growing or advanced damage is noticed, consult an ALFA-LAVAL/DE LAVAL representative. s85026E,ALFA-LAVAL DISMANTLING, ASSEMBLY Lock rings See chapter H BOWL | ——_—_—_——_—$$ $$ Dismantle and assemble the bowl with the help of the special tools in the order indicated by the exploded drawing. Place the parts on a clean, soft surface. The bowl should rotate clockwise. The principal com- ponents therefore have left-hand threads where indi- cated in the text. The lock rings have left-hand threads and are un- screwed CLOCKWISE. The large lock ring is loosened by blows of a lead mallet or similar on the handle of the spanner. Clean and lubricate the threads of the lock rings and their contact surfaces with bowl hood and bowl body before every assembly. Seizing may be the result, especially in new machines, if this lubrication is neg- lected or an unsuitable lubricant is used. Careful lubrication of these surfaces will prevent unnecessary wear on threads and contact surfaces. Tighten the lock rings ANTI-CLOCKWISE — the small lock ring until a tight seal is obtained and the large lock ring until the bowl hood lies TIGHTLY against the bowl body. In a new bowl the marks $ will now be in line with each other. The best way to use the spanner is to move the handle clockwise and check the movement with a heavy jerk. The lock ring should press the bowl hood against the bowl body so that perfect sealing is obtained at the seal ring and should also keep the distributor pressed against the bottom of the bowl body, firmly clamping the disc set. For final tightening it may thus be necessary to hit the spanner handle with a lead mallet or similar (NEVER extend the spanner handle). Note: See chapter L for checking pressure in disc set and inspecting threads. s85049E, 1230423, 1230604ALFA-LAVAL BOWL I ————— Bowl hood Lift the bowl hood off and on with the lifting tool. To ease the hood off the bowl body, the central screw of the tool is screwed down, If the hood does not engage on assembly, this means that one of the locating pieces is out of position — check this. The sealing ring at the lower edge of the hood should not be removed except when being exchanged —see Chapter L, Overhaul of Bowl. Bowl insert parts The design of the insert parts determines whether the bowl is of CLARIFIER, PURIFIER or CONCENTRATOR type. The bowl may be intended for one of these proc- essing methods or may be equipped and balanced with parts for two of them so that either can be chosen as needed. In the latter case it is important that the bowl is correctly assembled with the parts designed for the processing method chosen. The exploded drawing shows how the various insert pieces are assembled even when the bowl is provided with alternative sets of parts. Gravity disc For CLARIFICATION: Use the gravity disc with th. 4 smallest hole diameter "a", ooh For PURIFICATION: Use a gravity disc having a suitable hole diameter in view of the specific gravity ratio of the process liquid — see chapter K. Level ring If two level rings are delivered: For CLARIFICATION or for PURIFICATION with "Regulation of interface by means of back pressure regulation" the level ring with the larger hole diameter "d" should be fitted in the bowl. d——, For PURIFICATION with interface regulation by means of the gravity disc only: the level ring with the smaller hole diameter "d" should be fitted. Distributor. Lift the distributor in and out with the disc set on it. Dise set ‘The centre stud of the lifting tool must be depressed in order that the tool shall engage. Make sure that the discs are placed in the correct order with No. 1 at the bottom. 888057E 1230254ALFA-LAVAL BOWL | Cap not Sliding bowl bottom Discharge mechanism The cap nut has a left-hand thread and is unscrewed CLOCKWISE. Lubricate the thread and contact surface before putting on. Tighten the cap nut securely. Lift the sliding bowl bottom in and out with the tool. Handle with care to avoid damaging the sealing edge. If the surface that seals against the bowl hood needs improving, it can be adjusted by turning provided that the sliding bowl bottom does not have an anti-erosion lining - see chapter L, Overhaul of Bowl, If an anti-erosion lining is provided, check that it shows no traces of wear, To avoid permanent erosion attacks against one and the same spots, the lining should be loosened, turned by 5 - 100, and fastened again, The bowl body need not normally be removed except for protective lubrication of the spindle cone - see chapter L, Bowl Cleaning - or for disassembly of the discharge mechanism. The screws in the bottom of the bowl must be un- screwed and removed before the lifting tool is po- sitioned. It is also advisable to knock off the distri- buting ring with a drift. The bowl body is eased off the spindle cone with the central screw of the: lifting tool. Lubricate the nave opening, the nave and the top of the spindle sparingly before mounting the bowl body = excessive lubrication may cause the bowl to slip. When the bowl is dismantled, it is also advisable to dismantle the discharge mechanism for lubrication and for cleaning of the passages and nozzle. Force loose the operating slide with the three screws that hold the distributing ring to the bowl body. The slide must be handled with great care. Skew and un- even insertion or removal and the use of force lead in most cases to deformation and consequently to breakdowns. When placed in position the slide should be lowered perfectly level. Valve plugs should not be removed except to be ex- changed. The nozzles and the passages should be cleaned with special tools, or failing that with a soft iron wire. Lubricate the outer edge surface of the operating slide as well as the surface in the bowl body over which the slide moves. Tighten the spring support screws evenly and firmly. S88058E (4046-10) 784098ALFA-LAVAL I OPERATION DATA see chapter C. SPECIAL EQUIPMENT see chapter X. SAFETY REGULATIONS In all centrifugal separators the bowl rotates at a very high speed, normally between 100 and 150 revo- lutions per SECOND. Thus, very great forces are released and it is. essential, therefore, to follow strictly the directions given in the Instruction Book concerning assembly of parts, starting, stopping and overhaul. In this connection remember particularly: ..+ to tighten the bowl lock ring (lock rings), ... to fasten carefully the frame hood as well as the inlet and outlet parts, s+. to check the speed, ... that no machine part must be loosened until the bowl has topped rotating, wes that bowl body, bowl hood and lock ring must never be heated by means of a flame, ... that the machine must never be used for pro- cessing liquids with a higher density (temperature, sludge nature etc.) than that for which it was original- ly intended. Thus, always consult an ALFA-LAVAL representative before using the machine beyond its proper range of separation. S86350E-2ALFA-LAVAL BEFORE STARTING START and RE- CIRCULATION ACCELERATION PERIOD overarion K For machine equipped for programmed sludge dis- charge — see special instructions. For machine provided with equipment for interface disposition — see special directions in chapter B. The bowl should be well cleaned and assembled as directed in chapter I. Check partcularly: that brake is released ~ that collecting covers (frame hood respectively) are clamped with the hinged bolts — that oil level in worm gear housing is somewhat above the middle of the gauge glass* — that operating liquid tank is full — that control valves 15a and 15b are closed (operating liquid feed turned off; bowl open). % Note. The oil level must never be allowed to sink below the lower edge of the gauge glass. If the glass is provided with corrugations they should be vertical. Keep the gauge glass clean, otherwise a line, which could be mistaken for the oil level, will in time build up on the inside of the glass. If the machine has been idle (for instance during a night), screw out the drain screw some turns and drain off any water. Start the motor. If the process liquid is to be pre- heated, circulate it through the preheater until suit- able temperature is reached. Shortly after starting it may occur that the bowl be- gins to vibrate more than normal. The cause is generally lack of balance due to bad cleaning of the bowl, Stop the machine and clean the bowl if the vibrations are very heavy. Heat is always generated in the clutch coupling during the running-up period, This will be noticeable, especially when the pads on the friction blocks are new, through smoke and a smell of burning. Like the sliding sound, this is quite normal and has no im- portance. During acceleration the power consumption is higher than in normal operation. ‘The acceleration time stated in chapter C may vary somewhat depending for instance on the condition of the friction pads in the clutch coupling. S87516E (4139-2) 1230277FA-LAVAL OPERATION K START and CIRCULATION ACCELERATION PERIOD BOWL CLOSING (Example: MAPX 205 closes after 10-20 sec.) FILLING. ADJUSTMENT OF THROUGHPUT AND PRESSURE Start the motor. If the process liquid is to be pre- heated, open up for circulation through the preheater. Shortly after starting it may occur that the bowl begins to vibrate more than normal, The cause is generally lack of balance due to bad cleaning of the bowl. Stop the machine and clean the bowl if the vibrations are very heavy. Heat is always generated in the clutch coupling during the running-up period. This will be noticeable, espe- cially when the pads on the friction blocks are new, through smoke and a smell of burning. Like the sli- ding sound, this is quite normal and has no importance. During acceleration the power consumption is higher than in normal operation, After attaining the right speed, the bowl should be closed. Before starting the closing operation, the number of revolutions of the speed indicating means must be checked against the speed table in chapter C. The acceleration time stated in chapter C can vary a. on the wear of the friction somewhat depending pads. © Close the bowl by opening the manual valve 15a. Wait till the bowl has closed, then fill it. ‘The filling procedure differs for purification and clarification, i.e. for machines provided with puri- fier and clarifier bowl respectively. At the first start after installation the machine must be trimmed in res- pect of gravity disc, pressure and throughput. Variations in throughput and in the type, specific gra- vity or composition of the process liquid necessitate readjustment, $90708E 4046-17 1230847WHUr uF OST GIABIB Jo TojOUreIp STOH| $ Wee FRayaNOTGL| SZ Do Danjeroduisy Buperedsg| Sanjeredurey Supperedos opsxarion K (648 °0) ye eseyd 34811 jo Aasueq 88870 | (4009) Dost 32 SSead TUB Fo MTsHET ——s YAeET Wy SswSTETON| I WVUDONWON NI SHTANVXE sosrp AyaexB qyBnos oy jo zoyoUTeID sToy oy; squassadox yorum onqq Ut poyzeur POTS ou; UF sort ommjexoduroy Suyeredos uosoyo oy} Buyeo;pUT euTT qydts yeowr0a e pue urerBowou om jo q axed wosy our 1ySts Teqostxoy e usomjeq quIOd uoHOSTOWUT eUL sqndynozyy popuazuy ous SuruTs oadoa our quSts TeOHTOA oyT oF SOUT, ONTG OUT eDeAT sy eqdurexe eeg “tour g 3aed wxosy ureaHowom our asn ‘orngereduzoy Suyeredes ye umowy sy Aqsuep om TTT +] oqdurexa oag ‘uresZourou oui Jo y qaed up omnjexeduroy Bupjeredes ye Ajrsuep em yoes ‘emng -eroduro} Suyeredas omy ueys royjo eangeroduisy v ae umowy st (tro) eseyd probit auSt1 om Jo Aarsuep ou TV +p pue q ‘y rszzed very) out peprArp sy uredZourou ou, ALFA-LAVAL spopraosd jou ore suvour yons uoym Sura Jono] 3soTTeUrs oy YITA UOTJeUEQUIOD UT uortsodstp eovyxajut xoy sueour SuyeTnT oz oanssead yoeq WIM peddinbe sy euryorur out uoym Burz easy yseBre] oy] WIT uoTeUTqUIOD UF ruopjeorszand toy prea st STUL, sureaBourou oj lox} Apoettp peat aq ue ySz1 porsy oq 03 2stp ayy Jo TeIOUIEIP eToY 39eTI09 OU (cajowozee ue jo suvout Aq Aoeansoe Aronoessries yim peproap eq AqTeutou uvo AqraesB oyjyoods oy) sxajem jo sistsuoo oseyd Kavoy oy) pue oxngerodurey porstoods & 32 umowy st (tro) aseqd ayStT O47 Jo AyyaesH oyroods x0 Aysuop ou) oy uoneotrand x0y osrp AypAerB Jo uos0qes oy soreMTToes urerSourou Sunofpe ouL sostp Aqqaead pue Supz Toaoy Jo tozoUreLP sToy oy] Zo sezts zTOy se [[2M se syoqMo oy UT emnssezd yOUq ouP PUL tuopestsiand 20 uoyeoryTreys jo eerSep ‘soytuenb you) u2emjoq uoHxodord oy pue seseyd pmbrt ayy so Aqzsoosta ou; 4 ndyBnosyy om ‘soanqecedurey Suyeredos snoyrea ye seseyd probit Aazoy our pue 33] oy Jo (seraerS opstoads) somrsuop our woomoq ofex 243 ‘28°F pauoTiusUL ere uoTTsod asvyroqur om SupuonpuY szoyoey om q roydeyD UT OSI ALIAVUD JO NOILOGTIS $90706E MAPX 210ALFA-LAVAL B 0.98! 0.96] 094] 092| 090] Os 86] LA 24 6°8 112myh 084 os2! 0 e Ni NI 60 80. 100 T 1 0 20 40 < 2 8 3 094] 092 og2! 1231571 MAPX 210ALFA-LAVAL 1. Feed 4 Effluent, light phase 5 Effluent, heavy phase 6 Sivdge 15 Operating liquid, low pressure 15a Control valve for closing 16 Operating liquid, high pressure 16a 48 50 16 19 96 Control valve for opening Flow meter Control valve Operating liquid tank Dehardening filter Pressure gauge $99056E (1252-5) [ALFA-LAVAL OPERATION K SLUDGE DISCHARGE Bowl for total dis- charge — manual operation Shut off the feed, open the bowl by opening the con- trol valve 16a, Wait till the discharge report is heard, .e, the sound resulting from the ejection of the sludge from the bowl, Then close the control valve immediately and wait till the bowl has closed. Refill the bowl — see Filling. From time to time the sludge discharge should be executed twice, especially when the sludge is corro- sive, and also when the sludge space is overfilled. Between such repeated discharges the bowl is pre- ferably flushed out for instance by supplying flushing water, (Example: MAPX 205 closes after 10-20 sec.) Bowl for total discharge — pro- grammed operation Bowl for rapid total or partial discharge — pro- grammed operation Bowl for combined programme — pro- grammed operation ‘The above actions are executed automatically. If interruption of the process liquid feed is not included in the programme, this must be done manually. Sludge discharge is effected automatically, but without interruption of the process liquid feed — flushing of the sludge cover is usually included, Sludge discharge is effected automatically either totally or partially (arbitrarily), At partial discharge no interruption of the process liquid feed but, as a rule, flushing of sludge cover included, If inter- ruption of the process liquid feed is not included, this must be done manually at total discharge. Note. For manual operation of automated machine see chapter B. S87518E (4139-2) 1230847ALFA-LAVAL operation K CLEANING BY RINSING Flushing the frame hood (or set of covers respectively) The bowl need not be dismantled after every run if it can be adequately cleaned by rinsing before being stopped. In some cases it is sufficient to shut off the process liquid feed and supply a rinsing liquid, e.g. water, in- stead and work the sludge discharge mechanism a few times. In other cases, a suitable detergent must be added to the rinsing liquid and a longer series of dis- charges performed. It is particularly important to rinse the bowl thoroughly if the process liquid con- tains active substances that may cause corrosion or sludge of an adhesive type. Residues of corrosive liquids can often be neutralized by the addition of suitable agents before the last rinse, A suitable pro- cedure can be worked out by practical trials and its effectiveness checked when the bowl is dismantled. The check should be concentrated in the first instance on the discs near the bottom of the disc set, as it has been found by experience that these are the most difficult to get clean, If detergents are used, the last discharge or the last few discharges should always be performed with pure rinsing liquid without any addi- tives. Where there is a long standstill between runs, the bowl should be cleaned manually — see Chapter L. Note: If the machine begins to vibrate abnormally, this means that the bowl has not been properly cleaned. The machine must then be stopped for manual cleaning and a different rinsing pro- gramme worked out. ‘When the bowl is provided with discharge pump so- called paring disc), the inside of the frame hood (or set of covers respectively) and the outside of the bowl can be flushed either by raising the back pressure above the highest permissible value or by entirely shutting off discharge pipe. The flushing liquid will now be thrown out at the bowl top and discharge through the draining device of the bowl casing, Check the drainage. $85313E-3ALFA-LAVAL OPERATION K STOPPING Bowl for total discharge — man- val operation Bowl for total discharge — pro- grammed operation Bowl for rapid total or partial discharge and for combined pro- gramme — program- med operation EXPULSION MANUAL CLEANING Always apply the brake when stopping. Bowls for partial discharge and for combined programme must always be kept closed and filled with liquid during the deceleration period, and so must bowls for total discharge if heavy vibration occurs, Turn off the process liquid feed and close the control valve 15a, Open the bowl by opening the control valve 16a, wait till the bowl has discharged, and then immediately close the viave, Turn off the feed of operating liquid to the control valves, Switch off the motor and apply the brake, Release the brake only when the bowl has stopped, Neither loosen the hinged bolts of the covers (frame hood) nor start any other dismantling until the bowl has stopped completely. Turn off the process liquid feed — empty the bowl by means of the programme equipment — turn off the operating liquid feed — switch off the programme equipment — switch off the motor etc. (see above) Empty the bowl by means of the programme equip- ment — wait until the bowl has closed and refilled — turn off the process liquid feed — switch off the pro- gramme equipment — switch off the motor etc. (see above). A small quantity of liquid will collect at the bottom of the bowl after the machine has stopped, To expel this residue proceed as follows: Release the brake when the bowl has stopped after the last flushing — start the motor of the machine and let the bowl accelerate, without liquid feed, to approx. 10% of its full speed — switch off the motor and apply the brake — see Stopping. See chapter L, S87519E (4139-2)ALFA-LAVAL TROUBLE TRACING K rs Control system Before any other actions are taken, @ control cycle should be accomplished in accordance with the directions given in the Instruction Book. In case the bowl does not close after discharge, does. not open after a dis- charge impulse, or opens unintentional- ly during operation the operating liquid supply should be checked, Trace the trouble systematically, following the path of the operating liquid stage by stage beginning with the operating liquid tank or feed pipe. Nothing should be done with the machine or the bowl until it has been ascertained that operating Liquid at correct pressure is supplied. If there is no fault in the liquid supply in the first then the continue the examination hand with the control valve, paring device and finally with the dis- charge mechanism of the bowl. With automatically controlled machines follow the trouble tracing chart for the auto- matic control device. In most cases the trouble is caused by wrong mounting, careless handling of parts resulting in burrs being knocked up, poor lubrication or deformed seal rings. If, on the other hand, the cause lies in obstructed channels or nozzles, the insertion of a more close-meshed gauze in the filter of the operating liquid line may prevent a repetition. When obstruction is caused by lime or salt deposits it may in many cases be necessary to use a suitable dehardening filter, dehardening liquid, or condensa- tion water. $83183E-2ALFA-LAVAL Indication Cause TROUBLE TRACING K Machine vibrates Moderate vibrations normally occur at the critical number of revolutions during the running-up and retardation perfods. 2, Bowl out of balance due t bad cleaning — wrong assembling ~ badly tightened lock ring ~ bowl assembled with parte from different machines 3. Vibration damping rubber washers have lost elasticity. 4. Top bearing spring broken, 5. Foundation too weak. ‘Stop immediately and establish cause. Badly tightened lock ring involves fatal danger, Renew rubber washers, Exchange all springs. Reinforce foundation. [Speed too highs 1, Tachometer reading wrong. 2. Wrong transmission. ‘The motor speed {x not appropriate. ‘Check by means of revolution counter, Stop Immediately. Check that proper transmission or belt pulley is used in view of motor speed. Stop immediately and provide motor with correct speed, Brake applied: Pads of clutch are worn ar oily, Voltage drop in mains. Ball beering damage. Other machine defects. Motor defect. Release the brake, Exchange or clean all pads, Check mains voltage (D.C.) Locate and exchange defective bearing. Stop immediately. Check that bow can be rotated by hand, Exchange or repair motors [starting power 100 how. ‘Ammeter reading wrong Giutch pads worn or oily. See = Speed is too lows [Starting power t00 TAmmeter reading wrong. Motor defect, Ball bearing damaged, Other machine defects Exchange or repair motor. Locate and exchange defective bearing. See =~ Speed is too low. Retardation ume Brake lining worn oF oily. Exchange or clean Vining. Condensation. ‘Axial seals not tight or turned wrongly. Leakage via top bearing. Drain water, Exchange rings and turn correctly. Exchange seal rings and adjust ascal_ seal. Oi quantity wrong. Worm wheel or worm worn, 3, Ball bearing worn or damaged. Check quantity end quality. Exchange worn parte, Exchange of com- plete gear Se generally advisable, Exchange bearing, T. Normal when starting and stopping ue to sliding of friction blocks. 2, Wrong play between coupling pulley and clastic plate, 3. Speed too low. None. ‘Adjust. See =~ Speed too tow. T. Normal at start and stop when (Fiction blocks are sliding, thus causing burnt 2, V belts oF flat belts are sliding. 3. Bearing running hot, 4. Motor overheated, ‘None, Clean belts, Adjust belt tension. Feel over machine and locate spot, Ex- change bearing. Trace cause. Adjust overcurrent relay, if any provided. "Serapina” Sounee s878255, 4183-2 Wrong height position ‘Stop and adjust == wow Chapter beALFA-LAVAL Indication TROUBLE TRACING K Remedy Purification and Outgoing heavy phase| contains Light phase. 1. Liquid seal has’ broken or is close to breaking due to: © filling too fast at start © too little seal Liquid 2, Closed valve in light phase outlet 3. Gravity dise too large. 4, Throughput too high. 5. Seal ring undar gravity dise missing or damaged. 6. Changed separation temperature re- sulting in changed density ratio. 2. For bowl with paring diect Back pressure too high. No separate filling of aeal liquid ie needed for concentration (see chapter B) oF if the heavy phase conatituies at least 25 % of the process quid. Open vaive Change to smaller dise Reduce rate of feed. Check and rectify. Change to smaller aise. Reduce the back pressure in light phase outlet. Purification and concentration: Outgoing light phase contains. heavy phase. 1, Gravity aise too small. 2, Closed valve in heavy phase outlet, 3. Throughput too high. 4, Sludge epace overfull Change to larger disc. Open valve Reduce rate of feed. Empty bowl more often. Purification and Light ana heavy phaser fail to 1, Purifier bowl assembled with elari- Her bowl parts. 2, Sludge space overfull 3, Closed valves Check. Exchange parte. Empty bowl, Check. Open valves. Clarification: Poor clarification 1, Unsuitable separation temperature, 2. Sludge space overfull. 3. Throughput too high. 4. Water present in feed. 5. Clarifier bowl assembled with purifier bow! parts Empty bowl more aften, Reduce rate of feed. Run the machine ag a purifier, Cheek, Exchange parts, Bowl clogs with sludge 1, Water waghing unsuitable or in= correctly applied. 2, Sludge too viscous. 3. Frame filled with sludge. Sisdge tank overfull. Defective strainers Empty bowl more often, Clean frame and shorten interval between discharges. Flush sludge cover during discharge cycle. Empty cludge tank and clean bowl casing in frame. Check whether solid particles are stuck between the bowl discs, ‘Too much process guid in sludge. 1. Feed not chat off during total discharge. 2, Leakage between bowl hood and sliding bow! bottom. 3. Bow! aot fully closed. Check, Exchange seal ring, If necessary, turn the sliding bowl bottom smooth Check the operating Liquid aystem and automatic controts if am Gas is liberated (only for bowl with Paring disc). $87826E, 4183-2 Back pressure is too low. Tnerease the back pressureALFA-LAVAL CLEANING. OVERHAUL It has proved very difficult in practice to prescribe how often cleaning should be carried out and how thorough the overhaul should be, However, aided by the directions given in this chapter it should not be difficult to make up a suitable working routine with regard paid to special local conditions. The ALFA-LAVAL/DE LAVAL representative will always be glad to provide further advice and information, GENERAL HINTS Set of spares Service inter- ruptions When cleaning and overhauling always follow strictly the directions given in this book concerning the dis- mantling, lubrication and assembling. Make it a habit to inspect and replenish the set of spare parts (and tools) once a year. It pays to keep the consuming parts in stock, If the machine is to be put out of service for some time, the parts in contact with liquid should be oiled. Preferably, the bowl should be removed from the spindle. The seal rings should be taken out and kept flat, not hanging. $84969E-3ALFA-LAVAL OVERHAUL CHART L ee The time intervals stated below relate to continuous operation, If the men- tioned number of operating hours is not obtained during the period, the latter can be extended, but a thorough overhaul at least once every third year is imperative. OPERATING HOURS Every 24th (every day*) Every 200th (every week*) Every 750th (every month*) Every 1500th (every second month*) Every 9000th (every year*) Tm continuous operation. S86417E -2 Operation check Machine run (speed). © Throughput. Power consumption. Sludge tank. Oil level in worm gear Pressure. housing. Level in operating liquid Observation of dis- tank. charged liquids. Automated control device, if Temperature. any (signal lamps), Worm gear housing Further actions Theck and if necessary Speed check. replenish oil. Leakage tracing. Bowl Power transmission Dismantling of bowl Cleaning and oiling of and thorough cleaning bowl. spindle cone. of bowl inset parts. Thorough cleaning Control _system and lubrication of Cro meoes lock rings and oiling Check solids discharge inter- of bowl body nave bore. val of automated control device, eee ees Strainers and filters Cleaning and checking. Worm gear housing Bowl Cleaning and oil change. Dismmantle and clean solids (In case of uew instal- discharge mechanism of bowl. lation, however, after Check springs, seals and 300 operating hours solids ports, Check erosion. and in seasonal opera- tion before every work- ing period). Thorough overhaul, Control. system cleaning and lubrication, Clean operating liquid tank eee and check pipes and valves. ‘Pressure in set of Height positions discs. Check and adjust. Lock ring joint. Corrosion and other material attacks. Frame Power transmission. Renew brake lining. ‘Dismantle bowl spindle, Touch up the paint. clutch coupling and Check elasticity of vibration worm wheel shaft. dampers and mounting of Check particularly ball machine. bearings and gear as well as top bearing Motor - see special manual springs and buffers. for motor. Exchange friction pads. Renew grease in nave,ALFA-LAVAL CLEANING L ns, CLEANING AGENTS Metallic machine parts Seal rings Coupling pads and brake lining Discharge mechanism Note. Use cleaning kerosene, white spirit, mineral spirit or another solvent with equivalent properties. If the cleaning agent is unsuitable in view of the pro- duct of the process, the bowl, inlet and outlet parts in contact with liquid can normally be cleaned with a soda or trisodiumphosphate solution, or with any current technical defatting agent on an alkaline basis. A certain care should be exercised when cleaning light metal parts, as these may be attacked by strong alkaline solutions. Benzine or benzol may also be used for the metal parts, but if so, the cleaning should be done in the open air due to the risk of explosion, and because benzol vapours are dangerous to inhale. Wipe seal rings with a cloth moistened with some of the above cleaning agents. ‘Trichlorethylene should be used for cleaning these parts and the corresponding friction surfaces. Note that it should be done under safe control (ventilation), and preferably in the open air. Any deposits on the parts of the control device are to advantage dissolved in an approx. 10 percent solution of acetic acid heated to about 80°C (175°F). All metallic parts EXCEPT the friction surfaces in clutch coupling and brake must be oiled after cleaning = see chapter H. sesillEALFA-LAVAL CLEANING L ee BOWL CLEANING Discharge parts How often the bowl should be stopped, dismantled and cleaned must be learned by experience. It depends, among other things, on the type of sludge contained in the process liquid and on the condition of strainers and filters as well. Defective or wrongly mounted strainers letting through particles so bigsized that they get stuck between the bowl discs will cause sludge blockage. If this occours, the discs must be cleaned one by one. Any tendency of the lock ring to stick to the bowl body must also be considered when determining the intervals between dismantlings. It is difficult to prescribe how often the lock ring must be unscrewed for lubrication, as this depends partly on the lubricant used, partly on the care exercised in lubricating. During the first time the bowl spindle cone must be lubricated at least once a month to prevent the bowl body from sticking to the spindle. In time the interval between lubrications may be extended according to experience. If the process liquid contains salt water or the sludge is corrosive (because it contains acids or salts), the bowl must be cleaned thoroughly through feed of flushing liquid and repeated discharges immediately after the operation is finished, however, at least once in a 24-hour-period. This is of particular impor- tance when treating lubricating oils or heavy fuel oils. Clean the control parts every time the bowl is removed from the spindle. Clean all channéls and nozzles in bowl body, oper- ating slide, control paring disc, and control valve. The hardness of the water decides how often cleaning must be carried out. S99057EALFA-LAVAL MAINTENANCE L BOWL OVERHAUL Exchange of parts Thread checking Pressure set in disc Bowl parts marked '*" on the perspective drawing in chapter I can be exchanged only in an authorized ALFA-LAVAL/DE LAVAL workshop, as the exchange necessitates rebalancing — thus the COMPLETE bowl must be sent in, Other parts can be exchanged on the spot. ul Ve MAX. 25-30° MAX, 25-30° Lock ring with external Lock ring with internal thread thread In a new bowl, the guide marks (9) should be right in front of each other. In time, these marks can be drawn past each other due to wear of the threads. When the 6-mark of the lock ring can be drawn past the other é.mark by more than 25-30°, an authorized ALFA- LAVAL/DE LAVAL representative should be consulted. Thread checking should be done at least once a year. The checking is carried out as follows: Unscrew the large lock ring, remove the. distributor with disc set. Remove the outer seal ring of the bowl hood, put on the hood and screw on the lock ring. Tighten the large lock ring anti-clockwise till tight contact is obtained between the contact surfaces of bowl body and bowl hood. If the lock ring can be tightened without resistance by means of the spanner till the hood lies tightly against the bowl body, the pressure should be increased by adding the extra bowl disc (included in the set of spares) on top of the set of bowl discs, Make sure the seal ring lies in its groove in the bowl hood. S85113E 1230186ALFA-LAVAL MAINTENANCE L ne, Seal ring of bowl hood When exchanging the seal ring drive it out by means of the tool, which should be inserted alternately in the holes provided for this purpose. The seal ring is pressed into the groove in the lower edge of the bowl hood by means of a planed board (1"'x5!"), which should be placed across the ring. Knock carefully on the board right above the ring, first on one side and then on the other. Turn the board around successively and drive the ring into the groove as evenly as possible. If a new seal ring of nylon (polyamide) turns out to be too wide when mounted, this is due to absorption of moisture — it will recover correct dimensions after drying for about 24 hours at a temperature of 175°- 195°F (80°-90°C) in heating, chamber. If the ring is too narrow, put it in hot water, 160°- 175°F (70°-80°C), for about 8 hours, $85863E 4217206ALFA-LAVAL POWER TRANSMIS- SION Bowl spindle Clutch coupling. Brake Worm wheel shaft. Worm Oil pan FRAME BOWL DISCHARGE MECHANISM MAINTENANCE L When overhauling the bowl spindle, check particular- ly the nave bore in the bowl body, the conical por- tion of the bowl spindle, and the height position, Clean the conveyor pulley, pads of friction blocks and brake lining, Roughen up the wearing surfaces of pads and lining with a coarse file. Remember that all pads must be exchanged at the same time even if only one of them is worn, When exchanging the worm wheel check the worm, If it is heavily worn or its tooth flanks are scratched, renew it. Clean the oil pan in the worm gear housing. Supply fresh oil, Check the rubber washers of the anchoring parts. Renew them every second year, Clean the bowl casing in the frame with a brush and a non-fluffy cloth (never use twist), When using washing liquid, never pour it into the bowl casing, nor flush out the casing after washing. If washing or flushing liquid enters the oil bath of the worm gear housing it will ruin the lubricating oil. © Loosen the control valve housing complete and pull it out of the frame, Open the plug cocks one at @ time and ascertain that operating liquid can pass through unimpeded. If so, mount the housing again. © Lift off the bowl body. Turn on the feed from the operating liquid tank. © Open the plug cock for high-pressure liquid. Liquid should now spurt from all holes on the upper side of the paring disc, © Open the valve for low-pressure liquid. Liquid should now flow out at the periphery of the paring disc. $85599EALFA-LAVAL MAINTENANCE L ——_—_———— HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT Bowl spindle Control paring disc Check ‘The height positions should be checked both in con- nection with the yearly inspection and after exchange of parts which can affect the height position. The tolerances are narrow and it is essential, there- fore, that all parts are well cleaned and free from burrs. Remove the seal ring from the frame ring. Place a ruler across the frame ring, Push the narrow tongue of a templet, marked MIN (10mm), between the ruler and the spindle top. There should be a small play between the templet and the ruler, however not so large that the wide templet tongue marked MAX (12mm) can be inserted. The height position is adjusted by means of height adjusting rings — see chapter P. Put the templet on the spindle top with the measure- ment indication 175,5 facing the spindle. There should be a small play between the lower end of the templet and the top face of the ring nut, otherwise the paring disc is positioned too high, Turn the templet so that the measurement indication 176,5 faces the spindle, Now there should be a small play between the templet tongue and the spindle top, otherwise the paring disc is positioned too low. The height position of the control paring disc is adjusted be means of height adjusting rings under the distributing cover — see control paring disc in chapter S. After every height adjustment loosen the brake cap and turn the worm wheel shaft by hand. If it turns heavily or a scraping noise is heard, wrong adjust- ment may be the cause — recheck. $87849E (4046-10) 1230863ALFA-LAVAL MAINTENANCE L (Height adjustment, page 2) Paring disc of bowl Height adjusting rings STF Uf BER om (asso=00" .) / (ae) Assemble the bowl leaving out the small lock ring and the gravity disc. Tighten the large lock ring till the bowl hood lies tightly against the bowl body according to chapter I, Remove the connection housing. Put on the frame hood (cover) and clamp it with the hinged bolts. Place a steel ruler across the opening and measure with a slide gauge. The distance between the paring disc part and the upper, inner surface of the guide ring should correspond to the indication in the illustration. Adjustment is made by means of the height adjusting rings — see chapter 1, Inlet. Outlet. S85386E 783732-1GENERAL ADVICE BALL BEARINGS. ROLLER BEARINGS Use the greatest cleanliness when handling roller bearings. Avoid unnecessary dismounting of bearings. They may suffer damage, ‘or impurities may get into them during the handling, Dismounting Detach the bearing from its seat by pressing against the race having the tightest fit. Use @ puller or special tool. Thus, apply the pressure to the inner race when the bearing sits tightly on the shaft, and to the outer race when the bearing is tightly fitted in the housing re- spectively. Arrange dismounted bearings and other parts in assembling order to avoid confusion. Check the shaft end and the bearing seat in the housing for damage indicating that the bearing has rotated on the shaft, and in the hous. ing respectively. Replace the damaged part, if the faults cannot be remedied by polishing or in some other way. Fitting Leave new bearings in original wrapping until ready to fit. The anti rust agent protecting a new bearing need not be removed Fit a bearing on a shaft by pressure applied to the inner race and in a housing by pressure applied to the outer race. Use a suitable piece of pipe or a metal drift and a hammer. Never strike the bearing directly. Bearings sitting with tight fit on a shaft should be heated in oil before assembly. The cil temperature should not exceed 100 °C. Never leave the bearing in the oil bath longer than required for throrough heating Angular contact ball bearings Always fit single-row angular contact ball bearings with the stamped side of the inner race facing the axial load. S94651EALFA-LAVAL 528302-Z.ALFA-LAVAL S86371E-2 POWER TRANSMISSION P POWER TRANSMISSION Dismantle and assemble the parts in sequence shown in the illustrations on the following pages, using the special tools supplied. In addition to the specific instructions, remember the following points at all times... «++ Cleanliness and neatness are essential s+. make sure that all seal rings and gaskets are in- tact s+ exchange spring washers whenever necessary sss exchange all clutch pads, even if only one of them is worn +++ Oily clutch pads should be degreased according to the directions in chapter L, Cleaning Agents, and roughened with a coarse file take care to avoid getting oil or grease on the clutch and the friction surface of the conveyor pulley -++ avoid unnecessary dismantling of ball bearings ++. follow the directions given in chapter L for as- sembly of ball and roller bearings +++ round nuts should be tightened with a spanner and locked with lock washers . +. the worm-gear housing should be cleaned and filled with clean oil after any work that may have introduced dirt ++. follow the directions for cleaning and overhaul in chapter L and the directions for lubrication in chapter H. Machine without clutch coupling If the machine is delivered with fixed coupling and special motor, the clutch coupling parts, except the elastic plate, are omitted. The conveyor pulley of the worm wheel shaft is provided with threaded holes in the flange for fastening the special coupling pulley. ‘The other parts in the power transmission are not concerned.ALFA-LAVAL ZZ 2 (3) with friction 4-2) 1-4) First dismantle drive mechanism cuter P The friction blocks can be removed without the necessity of dismantling 1. Nave the rest of the clutch. =~ 65152 2,. Friction block pad and screws 3 150 Hz -- 520576-83 p17 60 Hz -- 520576-84 43. Friction pad (3) <§ -_ 71627 4, Screw (9) => 8341 5, Holding bracket (3) =+ 65158 6. Spring washer (3) When the blocks are == 40040 assembled they should move freely, and the 7. Screw (3) holding brackets should cad be mounted so that they engage the groove in the Ball bearing nave and prevent the -- 8726 (SKF 6206*) plocks from slipping off their pivots. Spacing sleeve =~ 38160 Ball bearing == 7026 (SKF 6305*) Lock washer -- 38159 (SKF MB 5) Round nut -- 67472 (SKF KM 5) Packing -- 38164 ‘The illustration shows Coupling pulley how the nave is eased 65155 off the shaft. To as- semble, first fit the nave on the shaft and then a the inner ball bearing. Spring washer (6) Pack one-third of the Screw (6) space about the spacing re 72933, sleeve with ball bearing grease. Use the drive- on sleeve to drive the Elastic plate bearings into position. -- 60571 * or equivalent bearing of other make s99058E (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL worm waren siart P Screw (6) 1 == 72926 Spring washer (6) r == 62094 Round nut -- 67473 (SKF KM6) Lock washer -- 37992 (SKF MB6) Bearing shield ~~ 528172-2 Ball bearing -- 6525 (SKF 6306)* Pin =~ 64729 Stop ring == 65170 Worm wheel 1420-1500 r.p.m. -- 528100-92 528100-93 Ball bearing Ses == 68827 (SKF 6211)* Lipseal ring = 73547 Seal washer 2 =Bs Seal ring aD =- 223412-21 Worm wheel shaft with conveyor pulley, lock washers (2) and round nuts (2) ~~ 520561-80 First dismantle motor, clutch and frame shield (pump) # or equivalent bearing of other make $87575E-2 (4046-10) 1700-1800 r.p,m, Align the stop ring correctly when fitting ~ both the hole and the pin are tapered (taper 0.02). If there is any play, the hole must be reamed. Use the motor guide bolts to draw out the seal washer. When assembling, make sure that the lipseal ring is turned as shown in the illustration, Warm the ball bearing before fitting it on the worm wheel. 1230491ALFA-LAVAL 784683ALFA-LAVAL BOWL SPINDLE P Screw (3) -= 2212601-5 Top shield 68919 Seal ring == 65201 Throw-off collar =~ 521659-2 Screw (6) == 2211723-8 Protecting cay P -- 65199 Lifting tool Screw (6) -- 72936 Washer (6) ~- 62094 Packing == 65192 Seal ring 64104 DISMOUNTING and MOUNTING of the COMPLETE BOWL SPINDLE To render the bowl spindle accessible for dismounting the bowl body, con- trol valve and paring disc device for operating liquid must be re- moved. The plugs in the top bearing are pre- ferable loosened, while the spindle is still in the frame. Before the spindle can be lifted out the worm wheel must be displaced on the worm wheel shaft in order to disengage the worm, This can be done through the aperture covered by the revolution counter cap. To facilitate lifting screw on the lifting tool. When the bowl spindle is being mounted in the frame, the ball bearing housing and spring casing should not be fitted on it — see illustration. Make sure that the lower ball bearing of the worm is correctly seated in the bottom bushing. Knock some times on the stop DY sleeve to bring it into the > proper position. The planed surfaces of the ball bearing housing must be right in front of the buffers. After mounting check that the bowl spindle rotates when the worm wheel is revolved. Check the height posi- tion (see chapter L). S88957E (4046-10) 1231111ALFA-LAVAL sown spre P Complete bowl spindle Guide washer == 65189 Upper ball race of thrust ball bearing Thrust ball bearing =~ 8419 (SKF 225147M)* Thrust washer ~~ 65181 Support plug =~ 65179 Height adjusting ring (1-3) 2mm -- 37481 4mm -- 37482 6mm -- 37483 Spacing sleeve ~~ 65178 Bottom bearing housing =~ 65176 Slotted pin -- 65391 Bottom bushing for bowl spindle DISMOUNTING and MOUNTING of BOWL SPINDLE BOTTOM BEARING To make the parts accessible for dismantling the complete bowl spindle must be dis- mounted. Normally the parts need not be dismantled unless they should be exchanged or the height po- sition of the bowl spindle should be adjusted. For dismounting ute the lif- ting tool provided with a hook. Note. The upper ball race of the thrust ball bearing as well as the guide washer are tightly fitted on the bowl spindle. Re- member to turn the ball race the right way when mounting. The lower ball race of the thrust ball bearing is tightly fitted on the thrust washer. To detach the race use a drift, inserting it alternately into the holes provided in the washer for this purpose. To loosen the spacing sleeve from the bottom bearing hou- sing press the slotted pin into the interior of the housing. Turn the ball race of the ball bearing the right way and make sure that the guide pin of the thrust washer engages the groove in the bottom bearing housing. * or equivalent bearing of other make. S88590E (4094-14) 1231112ALFA-LAVAL BOWL SPINDLE P COMPLETE BOWL SPINDLE fo: 1420 -1500 r.p.m. and 1700-1800 r.p.m. L Ball bearing housing == 65195 Spring casing == 65191 Buffer (6) == 65196 Spring (6) == 66191 Screw plug (6) 70347 Oil deflector =~ 65194 Ball bearing == 60992 (SKF 6213M)« Ball bearing ~~ 65186 (SKF 6015M)& Worm 1420-1500 r.p.m. =~ 69828 1700-1800 x. p.m. -- 520320-8 Bow] spindle -- 67641 » Ball bearing -- 65187 (SKF 6014M)# Ball bearing =~ 63000 (SKF 2308M)& Sp Sitide washer st chy Upper ball race for thrust ball bearing #* Stop sleeve ~~ 65188 or equivalent bearing of other make. uk belongs to bottom bearing. S99059E Livaike (1252-5) UP seALFA-LAVAL BOWL SPINDLE P = DISMANTLING and ASSEMBLY of the COM- PLETE BOWL SPINDLE For dismantling move the spindle top in a circle while pressing it outwards. This releases the buffers from the ball bearing housing so that they can be removed. When assembling, make sure that the buffers putt against the planed surfaces of the ball bearing housing. If the worm is exchanged, it is important that the worm wheel be checked and likewise re~ placed when necessary. To pull off the ball bearings of the worm proceed as shown in the sketch. Use the thrust piece (included in set of tools) as a support for the jack screw of the puller. Heat the ball bearings before assembly. If the ball bearing should be loosened, first remove the other spindle parts. Support the spindle on a soft base (wooden or similar) and force off the ball bearing by knocking with the drive-off tool on the inner ball race of the bearing. Heat the ball bearing before assembly. $88592E (4094-14) 1231109MOUNTING the MOTOR General Drawing — Perspective Drawing with Part Numbers — Mounting. SPECIAL TOOLS see chapter G — LUBRICATION see chapter H— CLEANING sce chapter L— MOTOR see special manual. GENERAL HINTS Motor The speed prescribed for the ingoing shaft of the ma- chine (the worm wheel shaft) and which must on no conditions be exceeded, is stamped on the type plate of the machine. The worm gear ratio and the friction blocks of the clutch are suited to this speed. Check the number of revolutions by means of the re- volution counter after installation and after exchange of motor. For particulars concerning power requirement and speed see chapter C. Coupling pulley | When the machine is delivered with motor, the pulley or belt pulley has been fastened in its correct position on the motor shaft. Score the position of the pulley before loosen- ing it from the motor shaft. The axial play for the elastic plate - measurement "a"! in illustration - should be about 2 mm (5/64"). When finishing a predrilled coupling pulley or belt pulley, the tolerance H7-J6 according to ISO should be applied. Electric cable The electric cable to the motor should preferably have a free length allowing the removal of the motor with- out disconnecting the cable from the terminals. Connection to Connect the motor to mains so that the bowl will ro- mains tate CLOCKWISE. Note. The machine must never be started unless the bowl is placed on the spindle and the worm gear housing contains the prescribed quantity and quality of lubricating oil $84998E -2ALFA-LAVAL + When ordering — follow the instructions given in chapter A. FLANGE MOTOR ("'4" drive) MOTOR MOUNTING R Frame Coupling pulley == 533507-80# Set screw == 2210941-18 ->————7 a_= 250mm | Motor adapter | 538030-89 Stud bolt 70489 I Washer 70492 | Screw 72926 Washer 70528 Nut 2218043-04 Note that, as a rule, it is not necessary to loosen the motor and motor adapter from each other when mounting and dismounting. Push the elastic plate on to the pins in the coupling pulley of the machine. Screw the two guide bolts (see chapter F) into the two upper, opposed screw holes in the frame flange. Hang the motor (with the adapter fixed) on the guide bolts and push it into correct position, fitting the pins of the coupling pulley into the holes in the elastic plate. Fasten the motor and replace the guide bolts by screws. Tighten the screws alternately and check that the motor adapter enters the frame. When dismounting observe that the electric cable must not be loosened in the terminal block. 99060E (1252-5)__ FRAME PARTS Special equipment — see chapter X- Frame hood —————— Hinged bolt — Frame ring Control valve Operating liquid paring device Revolution counter Brake Oil filling Bottom bushing Gauge glass -~ On drain Vibration damper $99061E (1252-5)ALFA-LAVAL FRAME PARTS S FRAME ERECTION Mounting the frame on base plate Mount the frame, or the base plate if included in the delivery, on VIBRATION DAMPERS as illustrated on next page. First put the frame (base plate) without cushions in its place and check: o that the bolts do not press against the edges of the holes, otherwise the resilient mounting of the frame will be impeded. o that the frame (base plate) is horizontal and that all feet rest on the base, If adjusting washers are needed, they should have the same diameter as the base cushions. ‘Then lift the frame (base plate), fit the vibration dampers in the sequence shown in the illustration, lower, and check that the bolts do not press against the edges of the holes. Screw down the nuts till they touch the cup covers and tighten a further half-turn, Hold the nuts firmly and secure with lock nuts. In this case the frame and motor are mounted on a common base plate. This plate is predrilled and like the motor marked with the manufacturing number of the machine to which it belongs. Place the frame on the base plate, fix its position with the guide pins and fasten the frame rigidly (without cushions) to the base plate. The part numbers of base plate, screws and guide pins are given in chapter R. s85002E, 3155268ALFA-LAVAL VIBRATION DAMPER (4) @ Nut (2) @ Cup cover =~ 71126 Rubber washer 65235, Cup 71125 Cup cover -- 71124 Rubber washer == 65232 cup =~ 71123 Stud bolt* Adjusting washer* Sd *Not included, BOTTOM BUSHING for BOWL Bushing == 521651-2 Packing =+ 65211 $87840E | (4046-10) FRAME PARTS Ss HOOD for PARING DISC DEVICE @ Screw (6) == 2210942-32 Spring washer (6) -- 22405 Height adjust- ing ring (1-5)* == 67642 Hood == 71159 Seal_ring == 67566 * Unmounted rings are packed with the set of spares. FRAME RING Seal_ring =~ 67675 Frame ring == 72732 1230318A,ALFA-LAVAL HINGED BOLT (4) Hand wheel == 536704-02 Clamping shoe -- 71391 / Hinged bolt n= 225444-4 Pin == 72474 Hinge pin == 72680 FRAME CAP* Washer (6) =~ 70492 Screw (6) == 72926 = Replaced by pump adapter if ma- chine is equipped with pump. OIL DRAIN ° © $87841E-4 (4046-10) FRAME PARTS Ss OIL GAUGE GLASS Packing =- 38967 Oil level stabilizer yD) --- 61899 Packing = 38967 Glass disc Uy == 38685 Packing == 37167 Fixing ring 4 =~ 65457 = Screw (3) & oo -- 22v7ai-u 1230318BALFA-LAVAL BRAKE S BRAKE -- 65221 (*-marked parts are not included in the complete-unit No.) split pin 2e 8199 ——— Soom @) Handle 1 i == §33513-1 Pivot == 39098 Screw (4) == 72933 Washer (4)* -- 20758 Spring =~ 39096 Spindle =~ 39095 Brake shoe, compl. ~~ 537602 -80 Slotted pin -- 67960 Brake shoe Lining ~-65227 Screw (3) =~ 8341 Exchange of lining Release the brake and re- move the cap, Exchange the lining, Note that the screws are slotted at both ends (use an angle driver), Fasten the cap to the machine with the handle pointing downward, Dismantling, Assem- ling Clamp the cap in a screw vice, apply the brake, and remove the handle, See that cap, handle, and brake shoe are turned as shown by the arrows in the figure, Fasten the cap to the machine with the handle pointing downward, S85005E-5 1230163, {232220CONTROL VALVE MANOVERVENTIL ALFA-LAVAL CONTROL VALVE, complete MANOVERVENTIL,, kompl. =- 526778-85 Washer (2) =~ 65451 Nut (2) == 41380 Stud bolt (2) = 64367 Packing == 71923 Ref.| Part No. Oty. Part name Benamning Delnr. Ant. 1 | 520513-89 1 | Connection piece Anslutningsstycke 2 | 64708 1 | Seal ring Tatningsring 3 | 526662-02 1 | Cover Lock 4 | 71343 2 | Coupling nut Kopplingsmutter 5 | 223310-04 2 | Packing Packning 6 | 71342 2 | Connecting nipple ‘Anslutningsnippel 7 | 526329-07 1 | Bushing Bussning a | 67035 1 | Seal ring Tatningsring 9 | 2545150-05 | 1 | Check valve Backventil 10 | 526353-08 1 | Hexagon nipple Sexkantnippel 11 | 526826-02 2 | Ball valve Kulventil 12 | 68956 2 | Hose nipple Slangnippel 1s | 2211722-25 | 4 | Screw Skruv $92052E, 8-3 1232399 (4046-2)ALFA-LAVAL FRAME PARTS S PARING DISC DEVICE for OPERATING LIQUID 521704-86 (#-marked parts are not included in the complete unit number) 2+ 71324 Paring disc 4 == 53319501 Seal ring (2) =~ 223408-4 Distributing ring == 533194-80 Packing ~~ 53319601 Screw (6)* -- 2210942-32 Washer (6)* = 22405 Distributing cover =~ 533193-80 Packing == 71320 Sleeve =~ 71317 Height adjusting ring(s)* The distributing ring rotates, the other parts are non-moving. Dismantling For dismantling the bowl see chapter I, The distributing ring is fastened to the bowl body by screws. These screws must be removed before the bowl body can be lifted off from the spindle. Remove the control valve. Take out the distributing cover and dismantle the parts in the sequence appearing from the illustration. Use the special tools. Cleaning Make sure the parts (particular- ly all holes and channels) are carefully cleaned — for cleaning agents see chapter L. Assembling Fit the parts in the distributing cover, Make sure that the height adjusting rings are put in place, that the parts are placed in the positions defined by the guides, and that the holes in packing and distributing cover face each other. Check the height position (see chapter L) and fit the con- trol valve. Supply operating liquid and check throughflow according to directions in chapter L. §92053E (4046-21) 1230248ALFA-LAVAL REVOLUTION COUNTER S REVOLUTION COUNTER - 71128 (*-marked parts are not included in the complete-unit number) Lipseal ring = 38710 Shaft = 71130 Stop ring = 69211 Slotted pin = 69212 Bushing = 70321 Oil supply screw Q = 526686-02 CP Packiny ~ 3832 Serew (6) = 72933* - 2210942-38 #* Washer (6) = 20758* - 65451*# Cap - 71129 Packiny = 65220" Guide pin (2) = 64426" Gear wheel = 69214 Taper pin - 69226 Set screw —— - 221585-13 *# Stainless steel. Speed checking Speed particulars - see chapter C, Count the number of revolutions during one minute. Assembling When mounting lubricate shaft and gear wheel with oil of the same type as used in the gear housing. Direct the gear wheel cor- rectly - hole and pin are tapered. In case of play ream the hole (conicity 0,02). Make sure the lipseal ring is directed according to the illustration. Not ‘The part numbers do not apply to machines equipped with combined revolution counter and tachometer - in the latter case see special page. S85847E -3 784358,