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SSR and AWR in Aviation Systems

Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) provides air traffic control with additional information about aircraft like call signs, altitude, speed, and destination. It requires aircraft to have transmitters/receivers called transponders that can receive signals from ground radar at 1030MHz and transmit replies on 1090MHz. Airborne weather radar detects precipitation using signals transmitted from an antenna in the aircraft nose and displayed to pilots, helping them avoid severe weather and turbulence associated with thunderstorms and intense storms. Both systems provide valuable information but must be used carefully due to radiation hazards.

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69 views18 pages

SSR and AWR in Aviation Systems

Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) provides air traffic control with additional information about aircraft like call signs, altitude, speed, and destination. It requires aircraft to have transmitters/receivers called transponders that can receive signals from ground radar at 1030MHz and transmit replies on 1090MHz. Airborne weather radar detects precipitation using signals transmitted from an antenna in the aircraft nose and displayed to pilots, helping them avoid severe weather and turbulence associated with thunderstorms and intense storms. Both systems provide valuable information but must be used carefully due to radiation hazards.

Uploaded by

H R VALA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Secondary Surveillance

Radar (SSR) & Airborne


Weather Radar (AWR)
Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR).

• SSR antenna
mounted on top
of Primary
Radar
Secondary RADAR
• Secondary Radar is always known as
Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR).
• SSR is complement to the primary radar as it
provide ATC with additional info about aircraft
such as aircraft’s call sign, altitude, speed and
destination.
• SSR requires an aircraft to be fitted with
transmitter/receiver called as transponder.
How Secondary Radar Works?

• The ground secondary radar transmits 1030MHz signal.


• The aircraft radar receives on 1030MHz and transmits back
0n 1090MHz.
• The transponder reply is more powerful than the reflected
radar signal allowing for far greater range. (250nm).
Advantages of Secondary Surveillance
Radar SSR
• Requires much less transmitting power to
provide coverage up to 200 to 250NM.
• Provides more information: aircraft’s identity
(its code & call sign), indicates aircraft’s
altitude, speed & destination.
• Can indicate if an aircraft has an emergency,
has lost radio communications or is being hi-
jacked.
• Reply signal is much stronger as it does not
rely on returning reflected signals.
Radar Display
Secondary Radar Display
What appear on secondary radar display?
• Aircraft Identity.
• Altitude
• Speed
• Direction
• Example
MH092 FL280
585
• Meaning: Flight Malaysian 092 cruising at
28’000ft with speed of 585knots
2. AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR
(AWR)
Introduction
• Airborne Weather Radar (AWR) is used to
provide the pilots about weather ahead.
• The installation include weather radar antenna
located in the nose of the aircraft and weather
radar display inside the cockpit.
• The radar information can be displayed in
combination with the aircraft route on the EFIS
Navigation Display (ND)
• Weather radar is used for severe weather
avoidance
The antenna is housed in a radome made of composite
materials located in the nose of the aircraft.
How Airborne Weather Radar Works

• A antenna which sweeps side to side transmits


Super High Frequency (SHF) signals which is 9Ghz
• When hit the reflective objects (precipitation), the
signals is reflected back to the antenna receiver.
• The returns (echo) are displayed to the pilot on the
aircrafts radar screen.
Precipitation
• Weather radar is function
to detect, locate, and
measure the amount of
precipitation.
• Precipitation is within or
falling from cloud.
• It includes rain, snow, ice
& hail.
• Different precipitation
has different reflective
levels.
Airborne Weather Radar Works
• The goal of weather radar is to display areas of
heavy precipitation, which generally indicates
areas of turbulence.
• Different types of precipitation have different
reflective qualities.
• Reflectivity of precipitation is directly related to
moisture content.
• Large water droplets show the strongest returns,
while dry hail or snow will show light returns, or
no returns at all.
• Weather radar detects raindrops, not clouds or
fog.
Airborne Weather Radar Works
• The precipitation painted (depicted) by
airborne weather radar is not of primary
concern, however it is representative of areas
of severe weather.
• Areas of large raindrop size=high rainfall
rate=intense storm=turbulence.
• The turbulence associated with convective
clouds is often severe and always dangerous.
• Other dangerous factors associated with
thunderstorms are: severe icing, hail,
lightning, strong downdrafts.
CAUTION: weather radar emits harmful
radiation, it should not be operated when
people are standing within 50 feet of
radome or during refuelling.

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