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Paschen's Law in High Voltage Engineering

The document contains solutions to problems about conduction and breakdown in gases based on Paschen's law. It examines calculations of breakdown voltage and electric field values for different gap distances, pressures, and temperatures using coefficients for ionization processes in gases. The problems address topics like determining ionization coefficients, minimum pd and breakdown voltage values, and estimating coefficients from experimental discharge current measurements over varying spacings.

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2K views7 pages

Paschen's Law in High Voltage Engineering

The document contains solutions to problems about conduction and breakdown in gases based on Paschen's law. It examines calculations of breakdown voltage and electric field values for different gap distances, pressures, and temperatures using coefficients for ionization processes in gases. The problems address topics like determining ionization coefficients, minimum pd and breakdown voltage values, and estimating coefficients from experimental discharge current measurements over varying spacings.

Uploaded by

munir
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Solution 1: Breakdown Voltage
  • Solution 3: Experimental Measure of Breakdown in Gases
  • Solution 2: Ionization Coefficient
  • Solution 5: Air Gap Breakdown Voltage
  • Solution 6: Electrical Field Calculation
  • Solution 7: Ionization Coefficient Calculation
  • Solution 8: Townsend Discharge Measurements
  • Solution: Simultaneous Equation Resolution

EET413 High Voltage Engineering

Solution Tutorial 5: Conduction & Breakdown in Gases

1. Obtain the value of at breakdown for a parallel-plate electrode configuration under


uniform electric field using Paschen’s law if the gap distance is 1 cm, pressure is 760 torr,
temperature 30°C when breakdown voltage is 31,500 volts. Take A = 15/cm, B =
360/cm.

Solution:

Breakdown voltage as given by Paschen’s Law is

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

2. For a certain gap with uniform field electrodes, was 7.5/cm with a gap distance of 6
mm before breakdown. What will be the secondary ionization coefficient ?

Solution:

3. In a certain experiment relating to study of breakdown in gases, the ratio of current


obtained to initial current was 1.2, 1.8 and 2.25 for gap distances of 1.0, 3.0 and 4.0 cm
respectively if E/p was constant at 160 V/cm-torr and pressure 0.1 torr, calculate the
value of and .

Solution:

Since E/p was constant at 160 V/cm-torr and pressure 0.1 torr;

d1 = 1 cm; d2 = 3 cm; d3 = 4 cm

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

At d3, the mechanism must be acting since should not change as long as E/p is
constant.

At d3

4. Obtain the value of assuming that it follows exponential function with constants A = 15
and B = 360 with E/p = 150 V/cm-torr. If the secondary ionization coefficient ,
calculate the minimum ‘pd’ value and minimum breakdown voltage for the above values
of A, B and ?

Solution:

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

5. What can be the breakdown voltage of an air gap of 1 cm at a pressure of 70 torr and a
temperature of 35°C?

Solution:

6. Calculate the electric field that causes breakdown between two cylindirical conductors of
radius 0.5 cm with gap spacing of 50 cm when pressure = 750 torr, temperature = 35°C.

Solution:

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

7. The first ionization coefficient for air is approximately represented by ,


where p = gas pressure in [Link], and E = electric field in V/cm. Find the breakdown
voltage and field strength of air at atmospheric conditions of 760 [Link] and 25°C for a
gap distance of 2 cm with , 0.05, 0.025 and 0.001. Calculate the same for gap
distance of 1 cm and 3 cm with .

Solution:

The breakdown voltage is given by

A = 15, B = 365, p = 760 mmHg. For d = 2 cm, and

Therefore

For

For

For

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

For

For and gap of 1 cm

For and gap of 3 cm

8. The following measurements were obtained from a Townsend discharge with constant
electric field:
Electric spacing d (mm) 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12
Discharge current I (pA) 6.4 8.2 10.5 13.5 22.5 38.5 68.7 134

Estimate the value of the first and second ionization coefficients.

Solution:

Choose
d1 = 0.1 cm I1 = 6.4 pA
d2 = 0.2 cm I2 = 8.2 pA

(1)

(2)

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2


EET413 High Voltage Engineering

(3)

(4)

By using simultaneous equation

Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2

EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 Solution Tutorial 5: Conduction & Breakdown in Gas
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 2. For a certain gap with uniform field electrodes
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 At d3, the mechanism must be acting since shou
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 5. What can be the breakdown voltage of an air gap
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 7. The first ionization coefficient for air is app
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2 For
EET413 High Voltage Engineering Academic Session 2011/2012 – Semester 2

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