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POWER PLANT ENGINEERING Plate Number: 2
Topic: Gas Turbine Plant or Brayton Cycle Date Submitted: 02-25-20
Name: Cel Rose M. Garcia Year: V
Instructor: Engr. Christian Mortel
Course: Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Learning Objectives (3): (i)To fully understand the cycle process of a gas turbine
(ii)To able to identify the elements in the brayton cycle
(iii)To apply the concepts in solving the different properties in the gas turbine problems
1. A simple, constant pressure gas turbine is designed for a pressure ratio of 5 to 1, and a turbine inlet
temperature of 550°C. The adiabatic efficiency of compressing is80% and that of expansion 85%, and there is a
pressure loss of 0.0343 bar through the combustion chamber. Calculate
(a)the power per kg of air per sec.
(b)the overall efficiency.
Assuming the air enter at 15°C and 1.01 bar. Take k= 1.4 and Cn = 1.046 for both air and combustion gasses.
Neglect the additional mass flow due to the fuel.
SOLUTION:
2. A gas turbine has a pressure ratio of 6/1 and a maximum cycle temperature of 600°C. The isentropic
efficiencies of the compressor and turbine are 0.82 and 0.85 respectively. Calculate the power output in
kilowatts of an electric generator geared to the turbine when the air enters the compressor at 15°C at the rate
of 15 kg/s.
Take cp = 1.005 kJ/kg.K and y = 1.4 for the compression process, and take cp = 1.11 kJ/kg and y = 1.333 for the
expansion process.
SOLUTION:
3. In a gas turbine plant air at 10°C and 1.01 bar is compressed through a pressure ratio of 4:1. In a heat
exchanger and combustion chamber the air is heated to 700 °C while its pressure drops 0.14 bar. After
expansion through the turbine the air passes through a heat exchanger, which cools the air through, 75% of
maximum range possible, while the pressure drops 0.14 bar and the air is finally exhausted to atmosphere.
The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is 0.80 and that of turbine is 0.85. Calculate the efficiency of the
plant.
SOLUTION:
4. In a gas turbine plant, air is compressed through a pressure ratio of 6:1 from 15°C. It is then heated to the
maximum permissible temperature of 750°C and expanded in two stages each of expansion ratio of 6, the air
being reheated between the stages to 750°C. A heat exchanger allows the heating of the compressed gases
through 75 percent of the maximum range possible. Calculate:
(i)the cycle efficiency
(ii)the work ratio
(iii)the work per kg of air
SOLUTION:
5. The gas turbine has an overall pressure ratio of 5:1 and a maximum cycle temperature of 550°C. The turbine
drives the compressor and an electric generator, the mechanical efficiency of the drive being 97%. The
ambient temperature is 20°C and the isentropic efficiencies of the compressor and turbine are 0.8 and 0.83
respectively. Calculate the power output in kilowatts for an airflow of 15 kg/s. Calculate also the thermal
efficiency and the work ratio. Neglect changes are kinetic energy, and the loss of pressure in combustion
chamber.
SOLUTION:
6. At the design speed the following data apply to a gas turbine set employing the heat exchanger:
Isentropic efficiency of compressor = 75%, isentropic efficiency of the turbine = 85%, mechanical transmission
efficiency = 99%, combustion efficiency = 98%, mass flow = 22.7 kg/s, pressure ratio = 6:1, heat exchanger
effectiveness = 75%, maximum cycle temperature = 1000 K.
The ambient air temperature and pressure are 15°C and 1.013 bar respectively. Calculate:
(i)the net power output
(ii)specific fuel consumption
(iii)thermal efficiency of the cycle
Take the lower calorific value of fuel as 43125 kJ/kg and assume no pressure loss in heat exchanger and
combustion chamber.
SOLUTION: