CE143 : COMPUTER CONCEPTS & PROGRAMMING

July – November 2019

Chapter – 4

Managing Input and Output Operation

Devang Patel Institute of Advance Technology and Research

Objectives
■ To be able to describe how a character is read
■ To be able to express how a character is written
■ To be able to explain formatted input
■ To be able discuss formatted output

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Introduction
■ In this chapter, we will discuss
■ Reading a character, Writing a character, Introduction to

ASCII code, library functions

■ Formatted input using scanf ( )

■ Formatted output of integer and real data using printf ( )

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Introduction

Processing Reading Input:

1. X=5,a=0;
2. scanf();
Writing

Output:
1. printf()
Processed Data/
Information/ Result

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Reading a Character

■ getchar(): Reads single character

variable_name=getchar();
Example: char name;
name=getchar();

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Writing a Character

■ putchar(): Writing a character one at a time

putchar(variable_name);
Example: char var=‘a’;
putchar(var);
putchar(‘\n’); \\new line

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Using char data type
void main()
{
char a,b;
clrscr();

printf("Using getchar()\n");
printf("-------------------\n\n");
printf("Enter the value of a=>");
a=getchar();
printf("\n");
printf("Value of a is=>");
putchar(a);

printf("\n\n\n");

printf("Using scanf()\n");
printf("-------------------\n\n");
printf("Enter the value of b=>");
scanf("%c",&b);
printf("\n");
printf("Value of b is=>%c",b);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation
Using int data type
void main()
{
int a,b;
clrscr();

printf("Using getchar()\n");
printf("-------------------\n\n");
printf("Enter the value of a=>");
a=getchar();
printf("\n");
printf("Value of a is=>");
putchar(a);

printf("\n\n\n");

printf("Using scanf()\n");
printf("-------------------\n\n");
printf("Enter the value of b=>");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("\n");
printf("Value of b is=>%d",b);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation
ctype.h Library Function
■ Declares several functions that are useful for testing and
mapping characters.

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Formatted Input

■ It refers to an input data that has been arranged in

a particular format
Example: Input data= 15.75 123 John

float int char

scanf(“field format”,arg 1, arg 2,…arg n);

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers
%w d

Conversion Width Number

of a to be
specificatio number read
n
scanf (“%2d %5d”,&num1,&num2);

Case 1: For input 50 and 31426

num1=50 and num2=31426

Case 2: For input 31426 and 50

num1=31 and num2=426 (50 is unread will be assigned
to first variable in next scanf call. )
Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation
Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers

scanf (“%d %*d %d”,&a, &b);

■ Assigning a data 123, 456 and 78.2 respectively.

■ Assigned data would be :
a=123
456 skipped (because of * )
B=78

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three numbers a, b and c\n");
scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("a=%d b=%d c=%d",a,b,c);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

 Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three numbers a, b and c\n");
scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b);
printf("a=%d b=%d ",a,b);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

 Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three numbers a, b and c\n");
scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b);
printf("a=%d b=%d c=%d",a,b);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

void main()
{
int a,b,c,x,y,z,p,q,r;
clrscr();
printf("Enter three numbers a, b and c\n");
scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("a=%d b=%d %d",a,b,c);
printf("\n----------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter two 4-digits numbers x and y\n");
scanf("%2d %4d",&x,&y);
printf("x=%d y=%d",x,y);
printf("\n-----------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter two integrers numbers a and x\n");
scanf("%d %d",&a,&x);
printf("a=%d x=%d ",a,x);
printf("\n-----------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter a 9-digits numbers \n");
scanf("%3d %4d %3d",&p,&q,&r);
printf("p=%d q=%d r=%d ",p,q,r);
printf("\n-----------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter two three digits numbers\n");
scanf("%d %d",&x,&y);
printf("x=%d y=%d",x,y);
getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Formatted Input: Inputting Integer Numbers

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

 Formatted Input: Inputting Real Numbers

■ No field width like integers, so only %f is

used
■ For double %lf is used
scanf (“%f %f %f”, &x, &y, &z);

Case 1: For input 475.89, 43.21E-1 and 678

x=475.89, y=4.321 and z=678

Note: A number may be skipped using %*f.

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Formatted Input: Inputting Real Numbers
void main()
{
float x,y;
double p,q;
clrscr();
printf("Enter value of x and y\n");
scanf("%f %e",&x,&y);
printf("\n x=%f y=%f",x,y);
printf("\n----------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Enter value of p and q\n");
scanf("%lf %lf",&p,&q);
printf("p=%.12lf q=%12e",p,q);

getch();
}

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation
Formatted Input: Inputting Character Strings
%ws or %w c
Characte
r to be
read

%s specifier can’t read the blank space

Chapter – 4 : Managing Input and Output Operation