Application of Dalandan Peels as Natural Fertilizer to the Germination of Mongo
(Vigna Radiata) Seeds
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement in Research Ia
Researchers:
Seth Patrick R. Bacani
Marc Razel M. Bulan
Axel Jhon C. Sacdal
Orlando Khit B. Tarun
Grade VIII-Chrome
Regional Science High School for Region 02
Camp Samal, Arcon, Tumauini, Isabela
Jean Jarlo M. Zipagan
Research Teacher
S.Y. 2016-2017
ABSTRACT
Dalandan Peels has been found to be colonized by Limonene and Linalool that
play an important role in plant because it helps the plants keep safe from scavengers.
Dalandan peels has phosphorus, calcium and cooper content which plays a role as a
good source for biofertilizer.
Fertilizer are used to provide additional nutrition to plants. A type of bacteria
from dalandan peels was found which can be source of natural fertilizer. This
Dalandan peels is usually fdound in the garbage so it can be useful to our
environment.
The dalandan peels were dried for 2 days . After its application, the results
showed that the mean height of treatment 1 have bigger development than the mean
height of Treatment 2 and 3. For the number of leaves of the treatments, T1 gained the
highest mean score of 2.67 which showed a significant difference in term of height in the
control treatment
The researchers recommend that future researchers would use other test crops
i.e. rice or corn to further test the effectiveness of dalandan peels as biofertilizer.
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to the persons written
below who helped them to make their study triumphant:
To their research adviser Ma’am Jean Jarlo M. Zipagan for her full support patience
guidance and encouragement to finish their study.
To their parents who gave their financial and moral support without any hesitations.
Above all, the Almighty God, For his Guidance, blessings and for keeping the
researchers in the right way to complete the study.
The Researchers
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE…………………………………………………………………........................i
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENT.......................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER I ............................................................................................................................. 1
A. Background of the study..................................................................................................... 1
B. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................... 1
C. Statement of the Hypothesis ............................................................................................... 2
D. Significance of the Study .................................................................................................... 2
E. Scope and Limitation .......................................................................................................... 2
F. Definition of terms ............................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER II ............................................................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER III .......................................................................................................................... 7
A. Research Design .................................................................................................................. 7
B. Research Environment ....................................................................................................... 7
C. Materials and Equipment ................................................................................................... 7
D. Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 8
E. Statistical Tools.................................................................................................................... 9
F. Flow Chart ........................................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER IV......................................................................................................................... 10
CHAPTER V .......................................................................................................................... 11
A. Summary ............................................................................................................................ 11
B. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 11
C. Recommendation ............................................................................................................... 12
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................. 12
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................ 14
DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................................. 17
iv
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the study
Why throw dalandan peels if it can be used as fertilizer? Dalandan peels add nutrients
and nitrogen to the soil as they decompose. Limonene and Linalool are the good content of
dalandan peels that make it good fertilizer because limonene is use for insect repellent. It is also
good for growth of plant because putting dalandan peels in compost may actually be helpful to
keeping scavengers out of your compost pile.
These are particularly effective for use as fertilizer. They not quickly dry if you bury
them. You can dry and grid peels to use as much or apply them directly to planting areas.
Dalandan peels are chemical free that makes it harmless to the environment and to the users.
Conducting this experiment will result to cheaper products and will lesser the waste material that
found in the environment.
The aim of the study is to produce a natural fertilizer that is less harmful to plant.
B. Statement of the Problem
This study aims to introduce an alternative organic fertilizer out of dalandan peels
Specifically it aims, to answer the following questions:
1. How will the application of the dalandan peels affect the growth of mongo seeds in
term of:
a. Height of mongo
1
C. Statement of the Hypothesis
Alternative Hypothesis
Ha: There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of dalandan peels as natural
fertilizer with the commercialize fertilizer in terms of:
1. height
Null Hypothesis
Ho: There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of dalandan peels as natural fertilizer
with the commercialize fertilizer in terms of:
1. height
D. Significance of the Study
This study was conducted to produce a substitute to commercialized fertilizers in
increasing crop production through the application of dalandan peels. The study contributed
to the identification of better fertilizer substitute through comparison of the growth of mongo
seeds in different treatments prepared.
E. Scope and Limitation
The research study was limited in the used of mongo seeds as test plant. Observations
on the presence and amount in soil were not achieved.
The study was conducted at the researchers’ residence.
F. Definition of terms
Natural Fertilizers- refers to the improved fertile land using natural waste hence the
term natural fertilizers and natural wastes do not contain any chemical which are detrimental
to the living soil.
2
Mongo- refer to crops as beans. It also refers to to the test plant applied with dalandan peels.
Dalandan- refers to the fruits that will be tested as natural fertilizer to mongo. It is
course, erect, perennial, usually more or less tufted fruit.
3
CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
According to Julie Christensen, gardeners use fertilizers to provide additional nutrition to
plants. Plants may not receive everything they need for healthy growth from the soil.
Fertilizers can improve yields in a vegetable garden or increase flowering in an ornamental
garden.. Fertilizers can mean larger yields in a vegetable garden.
Nitrogen-rich fertilizer is particularly useful for greening lawns. Use nitrogen-rich
fertilizer on your lawn. [Link] (By Julie
Christensen)
Dalandan peels is one of the soil improvement factors on plant growth.
Limonene and Linalool are the good content of dalandan peels that make it good fertilizer
because limonene is use for insect repellent. It is also good for growth of plant because
putting dalandan peels (citrus peel) in compost may actually be helpful to keeping
scavengers out of your compost pile.
Dalandan peels contain essential oils yields varied during ripening from 0.46 to
2.70%, where mandarin was found to be the richest. Forty volatile compounds were
identified. Limonene (67.90–90.95%) and 1,8-cineole (tr-14.72%) were the most represented
compounds in bitter orange oil while limonene (37.63–69.71%), β-pinene (0.63–31.49%), γ-
terpinene (0.04–9.96%), and p-cymene (0.23–9.84%) were the highest ones in lemon. In the
case of mandarin, the predominant compounds were limonene (51.81–69.00%), 1,8-cineole
(0.01–26.43%), and γ-terpinene (2.53–14.06%). However, results showed that orange peel oil
was dominated mainly by
limonene (81.52–86.43%) during ripening.
[Link] (Soumaya Bourgou, * Fatma
Zohra Rahali, Iness Ourghemmi, and Moufida Saïdani Tounsi)
4
Nutrients found in dalandan peels is calcium, copper, magnesium, nitrogen and
etc.
Using dalandan peels in the compost pile might be the first idea that comes to mind.
Composting is the use of decomposed organic materials to replenish nutrients in the garden.
The process combines the benefits of natural fertilizer with the benefits of minimizing waste
materials. Two key ingredient types are needed to make balanced compost, including brown
materials, such as dry leaves and straw -- materials that add carbon to the mix. Green
materials, such as grass clippings and weeds, add nitrogen to the mix. Dalandan peels are
“green” ingredients that add nitrogen to the compost pile. As an added bonus, dalandan also
offer high concentrations of amounts of calcium, copper, magnesium.
[Link] [Link]
In years past, some people recommended that citrus peels (orange peels, lemon peels,
lime peels, etc.) should not be composted. The reasons given were always unclear and ranged
from citrus peels in compost would kill off friendly worms and bugs to the fact that
composting citrus peels was simply too much of a pain. We are glad to report that this is
absolutely false. Not only can you put citrus peelings in a compost pile, they are good for
your compost too.
Heather Rhoades added that citrus peelings have gotten a bad rap in composting due
in part to the fact that it can take a long time for the peels to break down. You can speed up
how fast citrus in compost breaks down by cutting up the peels into small pieces. The other
half of why citrus peels in compost was once frowned on had to do with the fact that several
chemicals in citrus peels are used in organic pesticides. While they are effective as pesticides,
these chemical oils break down rapidly and will evaporate long before you place your
compost on your garden. Composted citrus peels pose no threat to the friendly insects that
5
may visit your garden. Putting citrus peels in compost may actually be helpful to keeping
scavengers out of your compost pile.
Citrus peels often have a strong smell that many scavenger animals dislike. This smell
can work to your advantage to keep common compost pests away from your compost pile.
[Link]
A Study on the Effects of Citrus Fruits as Fertilizers Using Photosynthetic Testing, Growth
Rate and Leaf Area Ratio of Hedera Helix hypothesized that the orange peel extract would be
the best fertilizer for plants because studies have shown that the juice of Citrus Fruits is much
more acidic than their peels (Spiegel-Roy and Goldschmidt, 1996), and we suspected that the
grapefruit extracts from both the peel and the fruit would be too acidic for the plants
(Sinclair, 1972). Furthermore, studies have shown that orange peels contain potassium, which
is necessary for plants to grow (James et al, 2004).
([Link]
Zimin Zhao
Dalandan peels, a citrus plant could play its effective role as biofertilizer on the
growth of mongo. By basing on the above study, it has shown that citrus peels are better than
its fruits because of its acidic content. The researchers therefore see it as an advantage
because the study was mainly focused on the use of citrus peels. And since orange peels has
potassium content, it evidently supports the fact the citrus plants like dalandan peels contain
the exact mineral needed by plants
6
CHAPTER III
Methodology
A. Research Design
Table 1. Randomized Complete Block Design of the study.
Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3
T1 dalandan peels
(50g) T1 R1 T1 R2 T1 R3
T2 dalandan peels
(100g) T2 R1 T2 R2 T2 R3
T3 Commercialized
T3 R1 T3 R2 T3 R3
The Randomized Complete Block Design was used in the study T1 contained
dalandan peels with (50g), T2 contained (100g), T3 contained the commercialized variable.
B. Research Environment
This study was conducted in researcher’s backyard
C. Materials and Equipment
Weighting Scale- used to measure the weight of dalandan peels
Gloves- used to protect hands
Mortar and Pestle- used to grind the dalandan peels
Mongo- use as the plant
Shovel- use to dig the soil
7
D. Procedure
D1. Gathering of Materials
The materials were collected in the Tumauini Public Market
D2. Weighing of Dalandan Peels
The dalandan peels were weighed using the weighing scale. The experimental
treatments have varied weight of dalandan peels such that
T1= 50g of DP
T2= 100g of DP
D3. Setting the Planting Area
Before planting the test plant, the pots were first prepared. There were two pots in the
study, Pot1 contained the treatment 1 with three replicates, Pot 2 contained treatments 2 with
a replicates also;
D4. Applying of Dalandan Peels
The dalandan peels were applied to the soil before planting the seeds. The amount of
dalandan peels were based on the formulation of the treatments.
D5. Planting of Seeds
After the preparation of pot, the certified seeds were put in the soil and were watered
to germinate.
The plants were watered daily with same amount of water. The insects were
eliminated through land picking.
D6. Testing the Product
The height of mongo was measured from the base of the stem to the teap of the
longest leaf weekly. The product was compared to the mongo seeds with commercialized
fertilizers
8
E. Statistical Tools
Frequency count mean were used as statistical tool of the study.
F. Flow Chart
Gathering of Materials
Weighing of Dalandan
Peels
Setting the Planting
Area
Applying of Dalandan
Peels
Planting of Seeds
Gathering of Data
9
CHAPTER IV
Results and Discussion
After the application of dalandan peels, the height of mongo were gathered every
week .
Graph1.1 Mean Height of Mongo Plant
Heights of Mongo Plant in T1 T2 T3
14
12.7
11.7
12
9.4 9.7
10
R1
8
6.4 R2
6 4.97 5 5.23 R3
4.3 Mean
3.8
4
2.5 2.7
2
0
T1 T2 T3
TREATMENTS
Referring from the graph above, Treatment 1 evidently showed a hike in its mean
height. It shows an increase of 9.4 cm which makes it comparable to other treatments.
Meanwhile, Treatment 2 got the lowest increase of height which is 4.97 cm.
The data mean that the experiment treatment and control treatment have a comparable
height.
10
CHAPTER V
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
A. Summary
The dalandan peels were collected to the Tumauini Public Market at Tumauini, Isabela.
The dalandan gathered were place in the container in 2 days. Treatment 1 contained
50 grams of daladan peels, Treatment 2 contained 100 grams of dalandan peels and
Treatment 3 is controlled with commercialized fertilizer.
The result shows an increase of 9.4 cm which makes it comparable to other
treatments.
Meanwhile, Treatment 2 got the lowest increase of height which is 4.97 cm.
The data mean that the experiment treatment and control treatment have a comparable
height.
B. Conclusion
Based on findings, the researchers concluded the treated mongo seeds with the 50
grams dalandan peels can be compared to the 100 grams of dalandan peels and
commercialized fertilizer and showed highly significant difference in term of height among
the treatment means.
Dalandan peels therefore can utilize as an alternative source of fertilizer. It is widely
distributed and available in the fields and therefore can be a cheap source as compared to th
highly expensive commercial fertilizers. Aside for being inexpensive, they are environment-
friendly and therefore highly recommended.
The researchers conclude the ff:
Treatment 1 showed a significant difference in terms of the height of mongo. While
the control treatment fell shortly with Treatment 1’s height increase. This means that
dalandan peels can be an effective organic fertilizer to the growth of plants.
11
C. Recommendation
The researchers recommend that the future researchers would use other test crops i.e.
rice or corn seeds to further test the affectivity of dalandan peels as natural fertilizer.
Furthermore, the researchers recommend to conduct cost analysis on the processing of talahib
roots as biofertilizer.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Internet
12
Christensen J. (1988). Uses of Fertilizer. Retrieved from, [Link]
950225_uses-[Link]
Bourgou R. (2012). Amount of Limonene and Linalool in Dalandan Peels. Retrived from
[Link]
Unknown, Dalandan Peels in garden, Retrieve from [Link] orange-
[Link]
Heather R, Citrus Peels In Compost, Retrieve from
[Link]
Zimin Zhao, Citrus Fruit Peels for fertilizer, Retrieve from
[Link] inquiriesS2005/streamI/Eagles/[Link]
13
APPENDICES
14
APPENDICES
List of Tables
Table 1 Research Design of the study
Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3
T1 dalandan peels T1 R1 T1 R2 T1 R3
(50g)
T2 dalandan peels T2 R1 T2 R2 T2 R3
(100g)
T3 Control T3 R1 T3 R2 T3 R3
15
Table 2.1 Height of Mongo in T1, T2, T3
Replications Mean
Treatments R1 R2 R3
T1 dalandan peels 12.7cm 11.7cm 3.8cm 9.4cm
(50g)
T2 dalandan peels 2.5cm 2.7cm 9.7cm 4.97cm
(100g)
T3 Control 6.4cm 5cm 4.3cm 5.23cm
16
DOCUMENTATION
17
DOCUMENTATION
Use to label the Plant Use to measure the Plant
Used to grind the Dalandan Used to measure the weight
Peels of dalandan peels
18
Dalandan Peels is used Mongo seeds is use as
as Fertilizer the plant
Pot is where the plant
The plot where the plant
planted
place
19
T1 T2 T3
The Plant After 1 Week
`
T1 T3
T2
The Plant After 3 Week
\
T2
T1 T3
The Plant After
20 5 Weeks
