NAND GATE
NAME: RITIK PRAKASH
CLASS: XIIth SECTION: 'B'
ROLL NO.: 19
BOARD ROLL NO:
GUIDED BY: MANISH SIR
SCHOOL: SHIKSHA NIKETAN SCHOOL
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CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THIS PROJECT IS
THE BONAFIDE WORK OF RITIK PRAKASH OF
CLASS 12TH 'B' AND HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY
COMPLETED AND IS TAKEN TO BE AN ISSUE
CONDUCTED BY THE C.B.S.E. IN THE SESSION
2019-2020.
TEACHER'S SIGNATURE EXTERNAL’S SIGNATURE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
MERE WORDS WON'T BE ABLE TO EXPRESS MY
GRATITUDE AND THANKFULNESS FOR THE VARIOUS
PEOPLE WITHOUT WHOSE INVOLVEMENT THIS PROJECT
COUNLDN'T HAVE BEEN COMPLETED SUCCESSFULLY.
FIRST OF ALL, I WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS MY HEARTY
GRATITUDE FOR MR. MANSH KUMAR MY PHYSIC TEACHER
WITHOUT WHOSE SUPPORT AND GUIDANCE THIS VERY
PROJECT COULDN'T HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE.
LASTLY, I WOULD LIKE TO END UP THANKING ALL MY
FRIENDS AND MY PARENTS TOO WITHOUT WHOSE
CONTRIBUTION THE WORK ENTERED IN THIS FILE WOULDN'T
BE A REALITY.
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CONTENTS
AIM
INTRODUTIN
THEORY
NAND GATE
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"TODESIGN APPROPRIATE
LOGIC GATE FOR A GIVEN
TRUTH TABLE"
INTRODUCTION
A gate is defined as a digital circuit which follows some logical
relationship between the input and output voltages. It is a digital
circuit which either allows a signal to pass through as stop, it is
called a gate.
The logic gates are building blocks at digital electronics. They are
used in digital electronics to change on voltage level (input
voltage) into another (output voltage) according to some logical
statement relating them.
A logic gate may have one or more inputs, but it has only one
output. The relationship between the possible values of input
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and output voltage is expressed in the form of a table called truth
table or table of combinations.
Truth table of a Logic Gates is a table that shows all the input and
output possibilities for the logic gate.
George Boole in 1980 invented a different kind of algebra based
on binary nature at the logic, this algebra of logic called BOOLEAN
ALGEBRA. A logical statement can have only two values, such as
HIGH/LOW,
ON/OFF, CLOSED/OPEN, YES/NO, RIGHT/WRONG, TRUE/FALSE,
CONDUCTING/NON-CONDUCTING etc. The two values of logic
statements one denoted by the binary number 1 and 0. The
binary number 1 is used to denote the high value. The logical
statements that logic gates follow are called Boolean expressions
Logic gates or logic gate is an entity in electronics and
mathematics Boolean that turns one or more logic
inputs to a logic output signal. Logic gate is mainly
implemented electronically using diodes or
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transistors, but can also be built using the
arrangement of components that utilize the
properties of electromagnetic (relay), fluids, optical
or even mechanical. Any Boolean algebra operation
can be associated with inputs and outputs represent
the statements of Boolean algebra. Although these
circuits may be complex, they may all be constructed
from three basic devices. We have three different
types of logic gates .These are the AND gate, the OR
gate and the NOT gate.
LOGIC STATES
1 0
HIGH LOW
+v -v
ON OFF
CLOSE OPEN
RIGHT WRONG
TRUE FALSE
YES NO
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Aim:
TO DESIGN AND SIMULATE THE NAND GATE CIRCUIT.
Components:
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D1 and D2), a resistance R, an ideal n-p-n
transistor.
Theory and Construction:
If we connect the output Y’ of AND gate to the input of a NOT gate the
gate obtained is called NAND. The output Y is voltage C [Link].
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In Boolean expression, the NAND gate is expressed as Y=A.B, and is
being read as ‘A AND B negated’. The following interference can be
easily drawn from the working of electrical circuit:
a) If Switch A & B open (A=0, B=0) then Lamp will glow, hence Y=1.
b) If Switch A open B closed then (A=0, B=1) Lamp glow, hence Y=1.
c) If switch A closed B open then (A=1, B=0) Lamp glow, hence Y=1.
d) If switch A & B are closed then (A=1, B=1) Lamp will not glow, hence
Y=0.
Truth Table:
Input Input Output
A B Y
0 0 1
1 0 1
0 1 1
1 1 0
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
I would like to acknowledge the following sources
through which I obtained vital information which
contributed in the completion of this project:
I. [Link]
II. [Link]
III. [Link]
IV. [Link]
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