DATE
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
College of Science
Department of Physical Sciences SCORE
GENERAL CHEMISTRY
NAME STUDENT ID Problem Set 1
Problem Set Show solutions on a yellow-pad paper. Answers should be in two decimal places.
1. Magnesium sulfate is often used in first-aid hot 7. Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the
packs, giving off heat when dissolved in water. A reaction
coffee-cup calorimeter at 25°C contains 15.0 mL of 2 𝐴𝑙(𝑠) + 𝐹𝑒2 𝑂3(𝑠) → 2 𝐹𝑒(𝑠) + 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3(𝑠)
water at 25°C. A 2.00 g sample of 𝑀𝑔𝑆𝑂4 is Given that
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dissolved in water and 1.51 kJ of heat are evolved. 2 𝐴𝑙(𝑠) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3(𝑠) Δ𝐻 = −1669.8 𝑘𝐽
Assume that the volume of solution is 15.0 mL, the 2
3
density of the solution is 1.00 g/mL, and the specific 2 𝐹𝑒(𝑠) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐹𝑒2 𝑂3(𝑠) Δ𝐻 = −822.2 𝑘𝐽
2
heat of the solution is 4.18 J/g°C.
8. A 4.117-g impure sample of glucose (𝐶6 𝐻12 𝑂6 ) was
a. Write a balanced equation for the
burned in a constant-volume calorimeter having a
dissociation of magnesium sulfate.
heat capacity of 19.65 kJ/°C. If the rise in
b. Is the process exothermic (heat flows from
temperature is 3.134°C, calculate the percent by
the system to the surroundings)?
mass of the glucose in the sample. Assume that the
c. What is 𝑞𝐻2𝑂 ?
impurities are unaffected by the combustion
d. What is the final temperature of the solution? process. Hint: Calculate first for the Δ𝐻𝑟𝑥𝑛 of the
2. Acetylene, 𝐶2 𝐻2 , is used in welding torches. It combustion of glucose using the Thermodynamic
releases a lot of energy when burned in oxygen. The Table.
combustion of one gram of acetylene releases 48.2 9. The combustion of 0.4196 g of a hydrocarbon
kJ. A 0.750-g sample of acetylene is burned in a bomb releases 17.55 kJ of heat. The masses of the
calorimeter (heat capacity = 1.117 kJ/°C) that products are 𝐶𝑂2 = 1.419 g and 𝐻2 𝑂 = 0.290 g.
contains 800.0 g of water. The final temperature of a. What is the empirical formula of the
the bomb and water after combustion is 35.2°C. compound?
What is the initial temperature of the bomb and b. If the approximate molar mass of the
water? compound is 76 g, calculate its standard
3. Acetylene (𝐶2 𝐻2 ) can be made by reacting calcium enthalpy of formation.
carbide (𝐶𝑎𝐶2 ) with water. 10. Starting at A, an ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process
a. Write an equation for the reaction. involving expansion and compression, as shown here.
b. What is the maximum amount of heat (in Calculate the total work done. Does your result
kilojoules) that can be obtained from the support the notion that work is not a state function?
combustion of acetylene, starting with 74.6
g of 𝐶𝑎𝐶2 ?
4. A sheet of gold weighing 10.0 g and at a temperature
of 18.0°C is placed flat on a sheet of iron weighing
20.0 g and at a temperature of 55.6°C. What is the
final temperature of the combined metals? Assume
that no heat is lost to the surroundings. The specific
heat of gold and iron are 0.129 J/g°C and 0.444
J/g°C respectively.
5. At 850°C, 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂3 undergoes substantial
decomposition to yield 𝐶𝑎𝑂 and 𝐶𝑂2 . Assuming that
the Δ𝐻°𝑓 values of the reactant and products are the
same at 850°C as they are at 25°C, calculate the
enthalpy change (in kJ) if 66.8 g of 𝐶𝑂2 are produced
in one reaction.
6. From the following heats of combustion
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𝐶𝐻3 𝑂𝐻(𝑙) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐶𝑂2(𝑔) + 2 𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) Δ𝐻 = −726.4 𝑘𝐽
2
𝐶(𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑒) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐶𝑂2(𝑔) Δ𝐻 = −393.5 𝑘𝐽
1
𝐻2(𝑔) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) Δ𝐻 = −285.8 𝑘𝐽
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Calculate the enthalpy of formation of methanol
𝐶𝐻3 𝑂𝐻 from its elements:
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𝐶(𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑒) + 2 𝐻2(𝑔) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 𝐶𝐻3 𝑂𝐻(𝑙)
2