CO₂ purification

and liquefaction.
Adding value through standardisation,
modularisation and customisation.
02 Climate-friendly wayliquefaction
CO₂ purification and to source CO₂

Carbon dioxide can be used to enhance plant growth in greenhouses. Familiar CO₂ applications include the carbonation
of beverages.

Climate-friendly way to source CO₂.

“CO₂ is not only an Climate mitigation in focus Wide application spectrum
environmental issue –
Rising environmental and climate mitigation Our plants are engineered to produce gaseous
it is a valuable feedstock.”
pressures mean that more and more or liquid CO₂ to the exact purity level you
Jürgen Velte
companies are looking for flexible solutions to require – all the way up to food-grade quality
Managing Director
Linde Engineering Dresden
improve their carbon footprint. CO₂ emitters as per EIGA or FDA. Major applications of liquid
like power companies want to reduce their CO₂ CO₂ include food and beverages, desalination,
emissions. This wish is echoed across many cooling, cryogenic cleaning, welding and
other industries where relatively concentrated cutting, and healthcare. Purified gaseous CO₂
streams of CO₂ occur. Re-utilisation of CO₂ is is also used across a broad industrial spectrum
improving the carbon footprint. from greenhouse horticulture through
chemicals to enhanced oil recovery.

Partner of choice

World leader in cryogenic technology,

Linde has designed and supplied several
CO₂ purification and liquefaction plants –
including the world‘s largest units delivering
the industry’s highest availability levels. Our
plants are therefore the solution of choice
where performance, quality and reliability are
a must. Depending on your needs, we cover
the full project lifecycle – extending from
engineering through supply and construction
right up to all-inclusive turnkey solutions on a
lump-sum basis.

All plants are designed to maximise cost

efficiencies through standardisation and
modularisation, while giving you the flexibility
you need to adapt to variations in feed gas
sources. Design highlights include a compact
footprint and ease of maintenance. Sensitive foodstuffs can be rapidly
and gently frozen with carbon dioxide.
 Performance you need at a price you like 03

From a remote operation center plants can be operated via long distances.

Performance you need at a price you like.

Our broad CO₂ plant portfolio is geared Minimum operating costs Remote control
towards ensuring the perfect fit for individual
application requirements. You can rely on our Our CO₂ plants are designed for the To increase manageability even further, our
specialists to recommend the configuration highest levels of energy efficiency. Ease plants come with an optional dedicated port
that strikes the best balance between your of maintenance and automated operations that can be connected to a communication
performance requirements and investment further reduce operating costs. A distributed board for remote control. Plants can even be
constraints. With a CO₂ plant from Linde, you control system (DCS) or programmable logic powered up and shut down in remote mode.
can look forward to the following benefits: controller (PLC) dynamically adjusts the In addition, we can supply fully automatic
process to accommodate changes in the feed product analysis, truck loading and weighing
gas compositions or plant load. equipment.
The capacity and purity you want

All of our systems support on-stream Advanced flexibility

applications requiring gaseous or liquid CO₂
with purity levels of up to 99.99%. Capacities We engineer our CO₂ purification and
vary from 30 to 360 metric tonnes per day liquefaction plants to give you the flexibility
for modularised units with a single train. you require. For instance, operational capacity
Customised solutions or several modular can be easily adjusted to the desired output
trains support capacities above this. level. The plant design can be adapted to all
variations in feed gas sources and be started
up and shut down within a matter of hours.
Maximum availability and ease of
maintenance

Offering exceptional availability rates of

almost 100%, all of our plants are engineered
for excellence, featuring premium components
to ensure maximum operational uptime.

Easy accessibility of all components simplifies

maintenance. In addition, we deliver spare
parts and can also look after maintenance and
after-sales support.
Fully automatic truck loading.
04 Closer look at CO₂ purification and liquefaction

Closer look at CO₂ purification and

liquefaction.
Step-by-step process flow dryers. Depending on requirements, various
adsorbers and filters are installed downstream
Pre-cooling and compression in order to remove further components such
Variety of sources: This unit cools down the water-saturated feed as carbonyl sulfide (COS).
Our plants support a variety of gas and then separates the water. The cooled
higher-purity feedstock sources gas is sent to the CO₂ compressor to increase Liquefaction
such as: the pressure up to operating conditions. Boil- The dry CO₂ gas passes through a reboiler
off gas from the storage tanks can also be followed by the CO₂ distillation column. The
• Ammonia recycled to the compressor. Various adsorbers gas leaving the column at the top contains
• Ethylene oxide/glycol can be added downstream as required to the inert components. The liquid CO₂ product
• (Bio) ethanol remove additional components such as drawn off the bottom is sent to the storage
• Natural wells hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). tank or vaporised for various on-site solutions.
• Refineries
• Synthesis gas Scrubbing Storage system and loading facilities
• Biogas The CO₂ gas is fed into the scrubber unit to The liquefied CO₂ is stored in pressurised
• Natural gas sweetening wash and cool down the gas. This is also tanks. For transportation purposes, it is
where water-soluble components such as pumped through the respective loading
alcohols are removed. facilities into trucks, railway cars and ships.
For gaseous on-site applications, the CO₂
Drying and adsorption is pressurised by means of additional
The remaining water and traces of other compressors connected to the pipeline
chemical components are removed from network.
the gas stream in the interchangeable

Typical layout of a CO₂ purification and liquefaction plant

5 11
1

9
10

1 CO₂ and NH₃ compressor 7

2 Adsorber skid
3 Scrubber skid
4 CO₂ column
5 Tank platforms
6 Loading pump skid
7 Loading station skid
8 Transformer, MCC and switchgear
9 Control room including DCS/SIS/PLC
10 Product analysis
11 Storage tanks, vertical or horizontal, pre-insulated
 Modular purification & liquefaction plants 05

Modular purification and

liquefaction plants.

99.99
Benefits you can count on expense and on-site risks by up to 90%. In
addition, a compact layout minimises your
Our modular portfolio is designed to leverage space requirements and enables a relocation

vol% CO₂
the benefits of modularisation, which include of your entire plant.
independent off-site fabrication, preassembly
and pre-commissioning. Not only does Our modularised units typically support
modularisation maximise cost efficiencies and capacities between 30 and 360 metric tonnes
quality, it also reduces risks as well as on-site per day with a single train.
installation time and effort.

All our prefabricated skids are preassembled

and completely tested prior to delivery. In
fact, our preassembly and pretesting concept
has reduced installation effort, commissioning

A modular plant which was built by Linde Engineering is located in Manchester, United Kingdom. It was built in 2017 and produces 100 t/d of liquid
CO₂ in food grade quality.
06 Customised purification and liquefaction plants

One of the largest CO2 purification and liquefaction plants, producing 1,000 t/d CO2, was built as a customised project by Linde Engineering in Rotterdam, NL.

Customised purification and

liquefaction plants.
Innovative answers to individual the flexibility you require. The plant design
challenges can be adapted to all variations in feed gas
sources and be started up and shut down
Rounding out our proven portfolio of within a matter of hours. Regardless of the
modular CO2 purification and liquefaction size and complexity of your project, you can
plants, we also develop, engineer and rely on our project team to deliver a turnkey
construct customised plants to meet more solution on time and on budget.
exacting application requirements. Possibly
even combining several modular trains, a
customised build is ideal, for instance, for
capacity requirements in excess of 360
metric tonnes per day. Building on our long-
standing experience in handling CO2, all of our
customised plants are designed to give you
 One-stop project realisation 07

If needed, the CO2 can be stored underground. A plant using this technology was built in Maxdorf, Germany. Several removal technologies capture the CO₂
from different off-gas streams. One of these
plants was built in the United Arab Emirates and
removes 26,100 Nm³/h CO₂ from syngas

One-stop project realisation.

As a leading player in the international plant Covering the full value chain of carbon “Close ties between Linde
engineering business, we cover every step dioxide Engineering and Linde Gas
in the design, project management and
mean we can combine
construction of industrial plants. Regardless Starting off with carbon capture, through CO2
of the size and complexity of your project, purification and liquefaction to the point of
global reach and operational
you can rely on our project team to deliver a sequestration, we provide solutions for the experience with technology.”
turnkey solution on time and on budget. You whole carbon value chain. Please contact our Sebastian Holz
can also select standalone services to support sales team for more information. Vice President Sales & Technology
the various steps in your individual project.

Benefits at a glance

→→ Modularised and tailor-made solutions

→→ Comprehensive capacity range
→→ Availability
→→ Reliability
→→ Efficiency
→→ Compact footprint
→→ Less maintenance
→→ Easy accessibility Published by:
→→ After-sales support
Linde AG
→→ Minimum operating costs (OPEX)
Engineering Division, Dr.-Carl-von-Linde-Strasse 6–14
→→ Long-term experience in CO2 handling 82049 Pullach, Germany
→→ Feasibility studies to EPC turnkey supplies Phone +49 89 7445-0, Fax +49 89 7445-4908
info@[Link], [Link]
Collaborate. Innovate. Deliver.

Linde’s Engineering Division is a leading player in the international plant engineering business. Across the globe, we have
delivered more than 4,000 plants and cover every step in the design, project management and construction of turnkey
industrial facilities. Our proven process and technology know-how plays an indispensable role in the success of our customers
across multiple industries – from crude oil, natural gas extraction and refining to chemical and metal processing.

At Linde, we value trusted, lasting business relationships with our customers. We listen carefully and collaborate closely with
you to meet your needs. This connection inspires us to develop innovative process technologies and equipment at our high-
tech R&D centres, labs and pilot plants – designed in close collaboration with our strategic partners and delivered with passion
by our employees working in more than 100 countries worldwide.

From the desert to the Arctic, from small- to world-scale, from standardised to customised builds, our specialists develop plant
solutions that operate reliably and cost-effectively under all conditions.
You can always rely on us to deliver the solutions and services that best fit your needs – anywhere in the world.

Discover how we can contribute to your success at [Link]

Get in touch with our sales team:

Phone: +49 351 250-3203, inquiry: [Link]/contact

Core competencies at a glance

Plant engineering Component manufacturing Services

→→ Air separation plants →→ Coldboxes and modules →→ Revamps and plant modifications
→→ LNG and natural gas processing plants →→ Coil-wound heat exchangers →→ Plant relocations
→→ Petrochemical plants →→ Plate-fin heat exchangers →→ Spare parts
→→ Hydrogen and synthesis gas plants →→ Cryogenic columns →→ Operational support, troubleshooting
→→ Chemical plants →→ Cryogenic storage tanks and immediate repairs
→→ Adsorption plants →→ Liquefied helium tanks and containers →→ Long-term service contracts
→→ Cryogenic plants →→ Air-heated vaporisers →→ Expert reviews for plants, operations
→→ Carbon capture and utilisation plants →→ Water bath vaporisers and spare part inventory
→→ Furnaces, fired heaters, incinerators →→ Spiral-welded aluminium pipes →→ Operator training
36870_LCS_1018

Linde is a trading name used by companies within The Linde Group. The Linde logo and the Linde word are trademarks of Linde AG. Copyright © 2018. Linde AG.