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Signals and Systems Overview at BITS Goa

This document discusses signals and systems concepts including the Fourier transform and discrete-time Fourier transform. It covers the relationship between the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) and the Fourier transform. It also discusses spectra in continuous and discrete time domains, discrete frequency concepts, properties of the discrete Fourier transform, examples of applying the Fourier transform to signals like rectangular pulses and unit impulses, periodic signals, and linear time-invariant systems.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views59 pages

Signals and Systems Overview at BITS Goa

This document discusses signals and systems concepts including the Fourier transform and discrete-time Fourier transform. It covers the relationship between the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) and the Fourier transform. It also discusses spectra in continuous and discrete time domains, discrete frequency concepts, properties of the discrete Fourier transform, examples of applying the Fourier transform to signals like rectangular pulses and unit impulses, periodic signals, and linear time-invariant systems.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Signals and Systems

BITS Pilani
K K Birla Goa Campus
p Nitin Sharma
Overview of Fourier symbols

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Relationship between DTFT and
Fourier Transform

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Relationship between DTFT and
Fourier Transform

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Spectra in continuous and
discrete time domains
domains.

Spectrum
p of discrete signals
g – by
y definition – is normalized with respect
p to
sampling frequency. If the analog frequency is equal to the sampling frequency,
the corresponding frequency of the discrete signal, Ω, is 2π.
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Discrete Frequency

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Discrete-Time Frequency
Concepts

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Discrete-Time Frequency
Concepts Continued

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Handy Equations

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Handy Limits

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example

the discrete signal, ω, is 2π

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Properties of the (DT) Fourier
Transform

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Symmetry Property

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example (Linearity)

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Rectangular Pulse

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Rectangular Pulse

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Time Expansion (Up-Sampling)

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example Time Expansion

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Unit Impulse

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Shifted Unit Impulse

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Ideal Low Pass Filter

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


DT Filter

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Low/High Frequency
slowly varying/Low Frequency

Fast varying/High Frequency

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Discrete Time Fourier
Transform of Periodic Signals

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Discrete Time Fourier
Transform of Periodic Signals

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


DT sine function

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


DT Cosine function

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


DT periodic impulse train

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example Symmetry

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Explanation

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example LTI System

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example LTI System 1

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example LTI System 1

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example LTI System 2

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example LTI System 2

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
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The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
Example Convolution

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


Example Convolution

BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus


BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus
BITS Pilani
K K Birla Goa Campus

Thank You!

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