Basic Math Problems:

1.) A certain luxury ship cruses Cebu to Manila at 21 knots. If it will take 21 hours to
reach Manila from Cebu, the distance travel by the ship is nearly
a. 847.5 km
b. 507.15 statute mile
c. 441 statute mile
d. 414 nautical mile
Solution:
Solving for distance, D = Vt
nautical miles
V = 21 knots = 21
hour
1.15statute mile
D = 21(21) = 441 nautical miles x = 507.15 statute mile
nautical mile
2.) Carry out the following multiplication and express your answer in cubic meter:
8cm x 5mm x 2m
a. 8 x 10 –2
b. 8 x 102
c. 8 x 10-3
d. 8 x 10-4
Solution:
1m
8 cm x = 0.8 m
100 cm
1m
5 mm x =0.005 m
1000 mm
0.08(0.005)(2) = 8 x 10-4 m3

3.) Which of the following is equivalent to 1 hectare?

a. 100 ares
b. 2 acres
c. 1000 square meters
d. 50000 square feet
Solution:
1 hectare = 100 ares = 10,000 sq. meters

4.) A 7kg mass is suspended in a rope. What is the tension in the rope in SI?
a. 68.67 N
b. 70 N
c. 71 N
d. 72 N
Solution:
The unit of force (tension) in the SI system is newtons (N).
 9.81m 
Tension = 7 kg  2  = 68.67 N
 s 
5.) A 10 liter pail is full of water. Neglecting the weight of the pail, how heavy is its
water content?
a. 5 kg
b. 6.67 kg
c. 10 kg
d. 12.5 kg
Solution:
kg kg
Density of water () is 1000 3 or 1
m liter
W=•V
kg
W=1 x 10 liters = 10 kg
liter

6.) If 16 is 4 more than 4x, find 5x – 1.

a. 14
b. 3
c. 12
d. 5
Solution:
16 = 4x + 4
x=3
5x – 1= 5(3) – 1
= 14

7.) Solve for the value of x and y.

4x + 2y = 5 13x – 3y = 2
a. y = ½ , x = 3/2
b. y = 3/2 , x = ½
c. y = 2 , x = 1
d. y = 3 , x = 1
Solution:
4x + 2y = 5
5
y= - 2x 
2
13x – 3y = 2 
Substitute (1) in (2):
5 
13x - 3   2x  = 2
2 
15 19
18x = 2 + =
2 2
19 1
x= =
2 18  2
5 1 3
=
2  2  2
y= -2
8.) Multiply the following: (2x + 5y)(5x – 2y)
a. 10x2 – 21xy + 10y2
b. -10x2 – 21xy + 10y2
c. 10x2 + 21xy - 10y2
d. -10 x2 – 21xy + 10y2
Solution:
(2x + 5y)(5x – 2y) = 10x2 – 4xy + 25xy – 10y2
= 10x2 – 21xy – 10y2

9.) Simplify: 7a+2 – 8(7)a +1 + 5(7)a + 49(7)a-2

a. –5a
b. – 3a
c. –7a
d. –4a
Solution:
49(7 a )
7a+2 – 8(7)a+1 + 5(7)a + 49(7)a-2 = 7a72 – (8)7a71 + (5)7a +
72
= 7a (49 – 56 + 5 + 1)
= -7a

10.) The value of (3 to 2.5 power) square is equal to:

a. 729
b. 140
c. 243
d. 81
Solution:
(3) 2.5  2 = 243
 
11.) Given: (an)(am) = 100,000 anm = 1,000,000
an/am = 10
Find a:
a. 12
b. 9
c. 11
d. 10
Solution:
 a   a  =100,000
n m


an
m
= 10; an = 10 am 
a
Substitute (2) in 1:
10 amam = 100,000
(am)2 = 10,000
am = 100 
m
Substitute a = 100, in (1)
an (100) = 100,000
 an = 1000
a = (an)m = 1000000
nm

(1000)m = 100,000
m=2
Substitute m = 2, in (3):
a2 = 1000
a = 10

12.) Give the factors of the a2 – x2.

a. 2a – 2x
b. (a + x)(a - x)
c. (a + x)(a + x)
d. 2x – 2a
Solution:
a2 – x2 = (a+x)(a-x)

13.) Solve value of k so that 4x2 + 6x + k is a perfect square.

a. 36
b. 2.5
c. 9
d. 2.25
Solution:
1
 4x 2  6x  k  0 
4
x2 + 1.5x + 0.25k = 0
2
 1.5 
x  2  = 0
 
since it is perfect square, then
(1.5 / 2)2 = 0.25k
k = 2.25

14.) If x to the ¾ power equals 8, x equals

a. –9
b. 6
c. 9
d. 16
Solution:
4
 34 3
 x  8 
 
4/3
x = (8) = 16

15.) If f(x) = 2x2 + 2x + 4, what is f(2)?

a. 4x + 2
b. 16
c. x2 + x + 2
 d. 8
Solution:
f(x) = 2x2 + 2x + 4
f(2) = 2(2)2 + 2(2) + 4 = 16

16.) Find the quotient 3x5 - 4x3 + 2x2 + 36x + 48 divided by x3 - 2x2 + 6
a. 3x2 - 4x – 8
b. 3x2 + 4x + 8
c. 3x2 - 6x – 8
d. 3x2 + 6x + 8
Solution:
3x 2  6x  8
x 3  2x 2  6 3x 5  4x 3  2x 2  36x  48
() 3x 5  6x 4  18x 2
6x 4  4x 3  16x 2  36x
()6x 4  12x 3  36x
8x 3  16x 2  48
() 3x 3  16x 2  48
0

17.) Find the mean proportional of 4 and 36.

a. 72
b. 24
c. 12
d. 20
Solution:
Let: x = the mean proportion of 4 and 36
4 x
= x2 = 144 x =12
x 36

18.) In the equation x2 + x = 0, one root is equal to

a. 1
b. 5
c. ¼
d. none of these
Solution:
x(x + 1) = 0 x=0 x = -1

19.) Determine k so that the equation 4x2 + kx + 1 = 0 will have just one real solution.
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6
Solution:
Note: There is only one solution to the equation (4x2+kx+1=0), if the discriminant
(B2-4AC) is equal to zero.
where: A=4; B=K; C=1 B2-4AC = 0
k2 – 4(4)(1) = 0 k2=16 k = 4

20.) Find the term involving y5 in the expansion of (2x2 + y)10.

a. 8064 x10y5
b. 8046 x5y5
c. 8046 x10y5
d. 4680 x5y5
Solution:
Note: The term involving y5 is the 6th term of the expansion (2x2+y)10
6th term = nCr-1(2x2)n-r+1(y)r-1
where: n = 10; r = 6
6th term = 10C5(2x2)5y5 =
10!
(10  5)!5!
 32x10  y2

6th term = 8064x10y5

21.) Find the 6th term of (3x – 4y)8

a. –148288 x3y5
b. –548 x2y5
c. –154288 x3y5
d. –1548288 x3y5
Solution:
Note: The term in the expansion (2x-5y)4 which is free of x is the last term
or the 6th term
6th term = nCr-1(2x)n-r+1(-5y)r-1
where: n=4; r=5
1  625y 4 
4!
6th term = 4C4(2x)0y4 =
(4  4)!4!
th 3 5
6 term = -1,548,288x y

22.) Find the value of log 8 48.

a. 1.86
b. 1.68
c. 1.78
d. 1.98
Solution:
log10 48
log8 48 = = 1.86
log10 8

23.) If log a 10 = 0.25, what is the value of log 10 a ?

a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
 d. 8
Solution:
loga 10 = 0.25
log10 10
= 0.25
log10 a
log10 10
log10 a = =4
0.25

24.) If log b 1024 = 5/2 . Find b.

a. 2560
b. 16
c. 4
d. 2
Solution:
5
logb 1024 =
2
log10 1024 5
=
log10 b 2
log10 1024
logb b = = 1.204
2.5
b = antilog (1.204) = 16

25.) Find the value of x if log 12 x = 2.

a. 144
b. 414
c. 524
d. 425
Solution:
log12 x = 2
x = (12)2 = 144

26.) The sum of Kim’s and Kevin’s ages is 18. in 3 years, kim will be twice as old as
Kevin. What are their ages now?
a. 4, 13
b. 5, 13
c. 7, 11
d. 6, 12
Solution:
x + y = 18
y = 18 – x 
(y + 3) = 2(x + 3) 
Substitute y in equation (2):
(18 –x) + 3 = 2x + 6
21 – x = 2x + 6
x = 5 years old
 y = 18 – 5
y = 13 years old

27.) A father tells his son , “I was your age now when you were born.” If the father is
now 38 years old, how old was his son 2 years ago?
a. 15
b. 17
c. 19
d. 21
Solution:
38 – x = x - 0
x = 19 years old
Two years ago, the son was
(19 – 2) = 17 years old

28.) A pump can pump out water from a tank in 11 hours. Another pump can pump out
water from the same tank in 20 hrs. how long will it take both pumps to pump out the
water in the tank?
a. 7 hours
b. 6 hours
c. 7 ½ hours
d. 6 ½ hours
Solution:
Let: x = time needed to complete the work
1 1 1
+ =
20 11 x
x = 7.096 hours

29.) Glenn can paint a house in 9 hours while Stewart can paint the same house in 16
hours. They work together for 4 hours. After 4 hours, Stewart left and Glenn finished the
job alone. How many more days did it take Glenn to finish the job?
a. 2.75 hours
b. 2.50 hours
c. 2.25 hours
d. 3 hours
Solution:
Note: (rate)(time) = 1(complete job)
1 1  1
   4 + (x) = 1
 9 16  9
0.6944 + 0.111x = 1
x = 2.75 hours

30.) Mike, Loui and Joy can mow the lawn in 4, 6 and 7 hours respectively. What
fraction of the yard can they mow in 1 hour if they work together?
a. 47/84
b. 45/84
 c. 84/47
d. 39/60
Solution:
Let: x = fraction of the lawn that can mowed after one hour
1 1 1 42  28  24 94 47
x =     (1) = = =
4 6 7 168 168 84

31.) Ten liters of 25 % salt solution and 15 liters of 35% salt solution are poured into a
drum originally containing 30 liters of 10% salt solution. What is the % concentration of
salt in the mixture?
a. 19.55 %
b. 22.15 %
c. 27.05 %
d. 25.72 %
Solution:
25% 35% 10% x%
+ + =
10 15 30 55
0.25 (10) + 0.35(15) + 0.10(30) = x(55)
x = 19.55 %

32.)How much water must be evaporated from 10kg solution which has 4% salt to make
a solution of 10% salt?
a. 4 kg
b. 5 kg
c. 6 kg
d. 7 kg
Solution:
4% - 0% = 10%

10 x 10 – x
0.04(10) – 0(x) = 0.10(10-x)
0.4 = 1 – 0.1x
x = 6kg

33.) If eight is added to the product of nine and the numerical number, the sum is seventy
one. Find the unknown number.
a.) 5
b.) 6
c.) 7
d.) 8
Solution:
Let: x = the number
9x + 8 = 71
x=7
34.) Find the fraction such that if 2 is subtracted from its terms its becomes ¼, but if 4 is
added to its terms it becomes ½.
a. 3/2
b. 5/12
c. 5/14
d. 6/13
Solution:
x
Let: = the fraction
y
x2 1
=
y2 4
4x – 8 = y – 2
y = 4x – 6 
x4 1
=
y4 2
2x + 8 = y + 4 
Substitute (1) in (2): 2x+8 = (4x – 6) + 4
10 = 2x x=5
y = 4(5) – 6 = 14
5
Thus the fraction is .
14

35.) Find the product of two numbers such that first added to the second equals to 19 and
three times the first is 21 more than the second.
a. 24
b. 32
c. 18
d. 20
Solution:
Let: x = the first number
y = the second number
2x + y = 19 y = 19 – 2x  
3x = y + 21  
Substitute (1) in (2):
3x = (19 – 2x) + 21
5x = 40
x = 8 y = 19 – 2(8) = 3

36.) A man rows downstream at the rate of 5mph and upstream at the rate of 2mph. How
far downstream should he go if he return in 7/4 hours after leaving?
a. 2.5 miles
b. 3.3 miles
c. 3.1 miles
d. 2.7 miles
Solution:
 dis tan ce
Note: time =
velocity
t1 + t2 = ttotal
S S 7
+ = 0.7(S) = 1.75 S = 2.5 miles
5 2 4

37.) An airplane flying with the wind, took 2 hours to travel 1000km and 2.5 hours in
flying back. What was the wind velocity in kph?
a. 50
b. 60
c. 70
d. 40
Solution:
Let: V1 = velocity of airplane
V2 = velocity of wind
1000
V1 + V2 = = 500 
2
1000
V1 - V2 = = 400 
2.5
Subtract (2) from (1):
(V1+V2) – (V1-V2) = 500 – 400
2V2 = 100 V2 = 50 kph

38.) On a certain trip, Edgar drive 231 km in exactly the same time as Erwin drive 308
km. If Erwin’s rate exceeded that of Edgar by 13 kph, determine the rate of Erwin.
a. 39 kph
b. 44 kph
c. 48 kph
d. 52 kph
Solution:
Let: V = rated of Erwin
V – 13 = rate of Edgar
=
t1 t2
231 308
=
V  13 V
231V = 308V – 4004
V = 52 kph

39.) In how many minutes after 7 o’clock will the hands be directly opposite each other
for the first time?
a. 5.22 min
b. 5.33 min
c. 5.46 min
d. 5.54 min
Solution:
 x
x = 15 +
12
x = 5.454 minutes

40.) From the time 6:15 pm to the time 7:45 pm of the same day, the minute had of a
standard clock describe an arc of
a. 60o
b. 90o
c. 180o
d. 540o
Solution:
Let: x = the number of minute difference between 6:15 and 7:45
6:15 = 6(6) + 15 = 375 minutes
7.45 = 7(60) + 45 = 465 minutes
x = 465 – 375 = 90 minutes
 180 
x = 90 minutes   = 540°
 30 min utes 

41.) The time required for an elevator to lift a weight varies directly with the weight and
the distance through which it is to be lifted and inversely as the power of the motor. If it
takes 30 seconds for a 10 hp motor to lift 100lbs through 50 feet, what size of motor is
required to lift 800 lbs in 40 seconds through 40 feet?
a. 42
b. 44
c. 46
d. 48
Solution:
Vl
t=k
d
when P = 150, V = 115, l = 100 and d = 150, k = ?
 (100)(50) 
30 = k  
 10
k = 0.06

when t = 40, W = 800 and S = 40, P=?

 (800)(40) 
30 = (0.06)  
 P
p = 48 horsepower

42.) A bookstore purchased a best selling price book at Php 200.00 per copy. At what
price should this book be sold so that, giving a 20% discount, the profit is 30% ?
a. Php 450
b. Php 500
c. Php 357
 d. Php 400
Solution:
Let: x = selling price without discount
0.8x = new selling price (with discount)
Profit = Income – Expenses
0.3 (0.8x) = 0.8x – 200
0.24 x = 0.8x – 200
x = P 357.14

43.) The sum of three arithmetic means between 34 and 42 is

a. 114
b. 124
c. 134
d. 144
Solution:
34, a2, a3, a4, 42
a5 = a1 + 4d Thus, a2 = 36, a3 = 38 and a4 = 40
42 = 34 + 4d sum = 36 + 38 + 40 = 114
d=2

44.) A stack of bricks has 61 bricks in the bottom layer, 58 bricks in the second layer, 55
bricks in the third layer, and so on until there are 10 bricks in the last layer. How many
bricks are there al together?
a. 638
b. 637
c. 639
d. 640
Solution:
a1 = 61; a2 = 58; a3 = 55; an = 10
By inspection, d = -3 an = a1 + (n-1)d
10 = 61 + (n-1)(-3)
10 = 61 – 3n + 3
n = 18
n 18
S =  2a1  (n  1)d  =  2(61)  (18  1)3
2 2
S = 639 logs

45.) Once a month, a man puts some money into a cookie jar. Each month he puts 50
centavos more into the jar than the month before. After 12 years, he counted his money,
he had Php 5,436. how much money did he put in the jar in the last month?
a. Php 73.50
b. Php 75.50
c. Php 74.50
d. Php 72.50
Solution:
d = 0.50; n = 12(12) = 144
 n
S= (2a1  (n  1)d 
2
144
5436 = (2a1  143(0.50) a144 = a1 + 143d
2
5436 = 144a1 + 5148 = 2 + 143(2)
a1 = 2 a144 = P 73.50

46.) How many times will a grandfather’s clock strikes in one day if it strikes only at the
hours and strike once at 1 o’clock, twice at 2 o’ clock and so on?
a. 210
b. 24
c. 156
d. 300
Solution:
a1 = 1; a2 = 2; a3 = 3; ……. a12 = 12
n 12
S = (a1  a n ) = (1+12) S = 78
2 2
Note: One day is equivalent to 24 hours. Thus, total = 2(78) = 156 times

47.) When all odd numbers from 1 to 101 are added, the result is
a. 2500
b. 2601
c. 2501
d. 3500
Solution:
a1 = 1; an=101; d=2
an = a1 + (n-1) d
n 51
101 = 1 + (n-1)(2) S = (a1  a n ) = (1  101) = 2601
2 2
101 = 1 + 2n – 2
n = 51
48.) The fourth term of a Geometric Progression is 216 and the 6th term is 1944. find the
8th term.
a. 17649
b. 17496
c. 16749
d. 17964
Solution:
a4 = 216; a6 = 1994
a4 = a1r3 a6 = a1r3
216 = a1r 3
 1994 = a1r3  
Divide (2) by (1):
a 1r 5 1944
3
= r2 = 9 r=3
a 1r 216
Substitute r in (1): 216 = a1(3)3
 a1 = 8 a8 = a1r7 a8 = 8(3)7 = 17496

49.) A person has 2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 great grand parents and so on. How man
ancestors during the 15 generations preceding his own, assuming no duplication?
a. 131070
b. 65534
c. 32766
d. 16383
Solution:
a1 = 2; r = 2; n = 15
a (r n  1) 2(215  1)
S= 1 = = 65,534 ancestors
r 1 2 1

50. A machine has an initial cost of P 50,000 and a salvage value of P 10,000.00 after
10 years. What is the book value after 5 years using straight line depreciation?
A. P 35,000.00 C. P 15,500.00
B. P 25,000.00 D. P 30,000.00
C0  C n 500,000 100,000
Solution: d= = = 4000
n 25
Cm = C0 – d(m) = 50,000 – 4000(5)
Cm = 30,000

51.) A rubber ball is made to fall from a height of 50 feet and is observed to rebound 2/3
of the distance it falls. How far will the ball travel before coming to rest if the ball
continues to fall in this manner?
a. 200 ft.
b. 225 ft.
c. 250 ft.
d. 275 ft.
Solution:
 2  100
a1 = 50   = ;n=
3 3
100
a1
S= = 3 = 100
1 r 1 2
3
Let: D = total distance traveled by ball
D = 50 + 2S
D = 50 + 2(100) = 250 feet

52.) If equal spheres are piled in the form of a complete pyramid with an equilateral
triangle as base, find the total number of spheres in the pile if each side of the base
contains 4 spheres.
a. 15
b. 20
 c. 18
d. 21
Solution:
Total spheres = 10 + 6 + 3 + 1 = 20 spheres

53.) A club 0f 40 executives, 33 like to smoke Marlboro and 20 like to smoke Philip
Morris. How many like both?
a. 10
b. 11
c. 12
d. 13
Solution:
Let: x = number of executives who smoke both brand of cigarettes
(33-x)+x+(20-x) = 40
33 + 20 – x = 40
x = 13 executives

54.) How many four letter words beginning and ending with the vowel without any letter
repeated can be formed from the word “personnel”?
a. 40
b. 480
c. 20
d. 312
Solution:
Note: “PERSONNEL”
Number of vowels = 2(E&O)
Number of consonants = 5 (P,R,S,N & L)
Two vowels can be filled in this section
Five consonants can be filled in this section
Four consonants can be filled in this section
One vowel can be filled in this section

2 5 4 1
Let: N = number of words
N = 2(5)(4)(1) = 40 words

55.) What is the number of permutations of the letters in the word BANANA?
a. 36
b. 60
c. 52
d. 42
Solution:
Note: “BANANA”
n! 6!
Number of A’s = 3 n Pp,q = = =60 ways
p!q!.. 3!2!..
 Number of N’s = 2

56.) Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make coded signal. How many
signals can be made if a signal consists of the display of one or more flags?
a. 64
b. 66
c. 68
d. 62
Solution:
N = 10(8)(6) N = 180 ways

57.) In how many ways can 4 boys and 4 girls be seated alternately in a row of 8 seats?
a. 1152
b. 2304
c. 576
d. 2204
Solution:
Number of ways the 4 boys can be arranged = 4!
Number of ways the 4 girls can be arranged = 4!
N = (4! 4!)2 = 1152 ways

58.) In how many ways can you invite one or more of your five friends in a party?
a. 15
b. 31
c. 36
d. 25
Solution:
5C1,2.. = 25 – 1 = 31 combinations

59.) There are 50 tickets in a lottery in which there is a first and second prize. What is the
probability of a man drawing a prize if he owns 5 tickets?
a. 50%
b. 25%
c. 20%
d. 40%
Solution:
P = probability of the man to win a prize
P = number of tickets he bought x probability of winning the lottery
 2  1 
P=5   =  
 50   5 

60.) A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of getting 3 tails up?
a. 1/8
b. 1/16
c. ¼
d. 7/8
Solution:
P = nCrprqn-r
where: P = probability of getting 3 tails out from 3 trials
p = probability of getting a tail from a single trial
q = probability of not getting a tail from a single trial
n = number of trials
r = number of successful trials
1 1
p = ; q = ; n =3; r = 3
2 2
3 0 3
1 1 3! 1 1
Substitute: P3T = 3C3     =   =
2 2 (3  3)!3!  2  8

61.) There are 3 questions in a test. For each question 1 point is awarded for a correct
answer and none for a wrong answer. If the probability that Janine correctly answers a
question in the test id 2/3, determine the probability the she gets zero in the test.
a. 8/27
b. 4/9
c. 1/30
d. 1/27
Solution:
Note: The only way she can get zero is, if all her 3 answers were wrong.
Let: p = probability of getting a correct answer = 2/3
q = probability of getting a wrong answer = 1/3
P =nCrprqn-r
3 0 3
1   2  1  1
P = 3C3     = (1)  3  = 27
3  3 

62.) In a multiple choice test, each question is to be answered by selecting 1 out of 5

choices , of which only 1 is right. If there are 10 questions in a test, what is the
probability of getting a 6 right of pure guesswork?
a. 10 %
b. 6 %
c. 0.44 %
d. 0.55 %
Solution:
Note: Probability of getting a correct answer is 1/5.
Probability of getting a wrong answer is 4/5.
Let: P = probability of getting 6 correct answers out from 10 questions.
6 4
1 4 10!
P = 10C6     = (2.62 x 10-5) =0.0055 or 0.55%
   
5 5 (10  6)!6!

63.) From 20 tickets of marked with the first 20 numerals one is drawn at random. What
is the chance that it will be a multiple of 3 or of 7?
a. ½
 b. 8/15
c. 3/10
d. 2/5
Solution:
Numbers from 1 to 20, which is divisible by 3=6 numbers (3,6,9,12,15,18)
Numbers from 1 to 20, which is divisible by 7 = 2 numbers (7,4)
Total numbers from 1 to 20, which is divisible by 3 or 7 = 8 numbers
Let: P = probability that the ticket number is divisible by 3 or 7
numbers between 1 to 20 which is divisible by 3 or 7
P=
tota l numbers from 1 to 20
8 2
P= =
20 5

64. Find each interior angle of a hexagon.

A. 90° C. 150°
B. 120° D. 180°
(n  2)(180
Solution: = Note: A hexagon has 6 sides, thus n=6.
n
(6  2)(180
= = 120°
6
65. The sides of a triangle are 8 cm, 10cm and 14 cm. Determine the radius of the
inscribed circle.
A. 2.25 cm C. 2.45 cm
B. 2.35 cm D. 2.55 cm
Solution: A = s(s  a)(s  b)(s  c)
a bc 8  10  14
= = = 16
2 2
A = 16(16  8)(16  10)(16  14)
A = 39.19 cm2 A=rs
39.19 = r(16) r = 2.45 cm

66. A circle with radius 6 cm has half its area removed by cutting off a border of
uniform width. Find the width of the border.
A. 1.76 cm C. 1.98 cm
B. 1.35 cm D. 2.03 cm
Solution: Note: Since half of the area was removed, then the area (A) left is also
one-half of the total area.
1 1
A =  (R) 2  =  (6) 2  =18
2 2
But “A” is also equal to the area of the small circle. A = r2

67. The area of a circle is 89.42 sq. inches. What is its circumference?
A. 32.25 in. C. 35.33 in.
B. 33.52 in. D. 35.55 in.
 Solution: A = r2 Let: C = circumference of the circle
89.42 =  r2 C = 2r = (2)(5.335) = 33.52 in.
r = 5.335 in

68. What is the area in sq. cm. Of the circle circumscribed about an equilateral
triangle with a side 10 cm long?
A. 104.7 C. 106.7
B. 105.7 D. 107.7
Solution: Note: Since an equilateral triangle. A = B = C = 60°.
1 1
A = bc sin A = (10)2 sin 60°
2 2
abc (10)(10)(10)
A = 43.3 cm2 A= = 43.3 = r = 5.774 cm
4r 4r
Solving for area of cirle:
A =  r2 = (5.774)2 A = 104.7 cm2

69. The angle of a sector is 30° and the radius is 15 cm. What is the area of the
sector in cm2?
A. 59.8 C. 58.9
B. 89.5 D. 85.9
1
Solution: A = r2 where: A = area pf the sector
2
r =radius of the circle
 = included angle in radians
1  2 radians 
A = (15)2 30 x   = 58.9 cm2
2  360 

70. The arc of a sector is 9 units and its radius is 3 units. What is the area of the
sector in square units?
A. 12.5 C. 14.5
B. 13.5 D. 15.5
1
Solution: A = rC where: r = radius of the circle
2
C = length of arc
1
A = (3)(9) A = 13.5 sq. units
2

71. What is the area in sq. m of the zone of a spherical segment having a volume
of 1470.265 cu. m if the diameter of the sphere is 30m?
A. 465.5 m2 C. 665.5 m2
B. 565.5 m2 D. 656.5 m2
 h2
Solution: V= (3r-h)
3
  h2
1470.265 = [3(15)-h]
3
1410.795 = h2(45-h) 1404 = 45h2 – h3 h = 6.
A =2rh A = 2(15)(6) = 565.5 m2

72. If cos 65° + cos 55° = cos , find  in radians.

A. 0.765 C. 1.213
B. 0.087 D. 1.421
Solution: cos 65° + cos 55° = cos 
cos  = 0.99619
2 radians
 = 5° x = 0.087 radian
360

73. The sine of a certain angle is 0.6, calculate the cotangent of the angle.
A. 4/3 C. 4/5
B. 5/4 D. ¾
3
Solution: Let:  = angle sin  = 0.6 =
5
a= c2  b2 = (5)2  (3)2 = 4
adjacent side a 4
cot  = = =
opposite side b 3

74. Simplify the expression sec  - (sec ) sin2 

A. cos2  C. sin2 
B. cos  D. sin 
Solution: x = sec  - (sec ) sin2  = sec  [1-sin2 ]
1
= sec  (cos2 ) = (cos2 )
cos 
x = cos 

75. If the longitude of Tokyo is 139°E and that of Manila is 121°E, what is the
time difference between Tokyo and Manila?
A. 1 hour and 12 minutes C. 1 hour and 8 minutes
B. 1 hour and 5 minutes D. 1 hour and 10 minutes
diff. in time diff. in longitude
Solution: =
24 360
diff. in time 139  121
=
24 360
diff. in time = 1.2 hours = 1 hour and 12 minutes

76. Solve for side b of a right spherical triangle ABC whose parts are a=46°, c=
75° and C = 90°?
A. 74° C. 48°
 B. 68° D. 74°
Solution: sin co-c = cos a cos b
cos c = cos a cos b
cos c cos 75
cos b = = b = 68° 07’.
cos a cos 46

77. Solve for angle C of the oblique triangle ABC given, a=80°, c =115° and A=72°.
A. 61° C. 95°
B. 85° D. 119°
sin C sin A
Solution: Using law of sines: =
sin c sin a
sin C sin 72
=
sin 115 sin 80
C = 61° 04’ or C = 118° 56’, since side c > side a Angle C > angle A
use C = 118° 56’

78. What is the spherical excess of the spherical triangle whose angles are all right angles?
A. 45° C. 60°
B. 90° D. 30°
Solution: E = (A + B + C) – 180°
E = (90° + 90° + 90°) – 180°
E = 90°

79. Find the distance between A (4, -3) and B (-2, 5).
A. 11 C. 10
B. 9 D. 8
Solution: Using distance formula:
d = (x 2  x1 )2  (y2  y1 ) 2
d = (2  4)2  [5  (3)]2 = 10 units

80. The points (a,1), (b,2) and (c,3) are collinear. Which of the following is true?
A. c – b = c - a C. c – a = a - b
B. c – b = b - a D. c – a = b - a
Solution: Given two points, the slope of the line is,
y y
m = 2 1 , since collinear, m1 = m2
x 2  x1
2 1 3 2 1 1
= = = c–b=b–a
ba cb ba cb

81. Find the inclination of the line passing through (-5,3) and (10,7).
A. 14.73 C. 14.83
B. 14.93 D. 14.63
 Solution: Let:  = angle of inclination
Note: P1(5,3); P2(10,7)
y y 73
tan  = 2 1 = =0.2666   = 14.93°
x 2  x1 10  (5)

82. A triangle has variable sides x,y,z subject to the constraint such that the perimeter
is fixed to 18 cm. What is the maximum possible area for the triangle?
A. 15.59 cm2 C. 17.15 cm2
2
B. 18.71 cm D. 14.03 cm2
Solution: Note: For maximum area, the triangle must be an equilateral
triangle. Thus, x = y = z, and  = 60°
1 1
x + y + z = 18 A = x2 sin  = (6)2 sin 60°
2 2
3x = 18 A = 15.59 cm2
x=6

83. A box is constructed from a piece of zinc 20 sq. in by cutting equal squares from
each corner and turning up the zinc to form the side. What is the volume of the largest
box that can be so constructed?
A. 599.95 cu. in. C. 579.50 cu. in.
B. 592.59 cu. in. D. 622.49 cu. in.
2
Solution: V = (20-2x) x
V = 400x – 80x2 + 4x3
dV
= 400 – 160x + 12x2 = 0
dx
12x2 – 160x + 400 = 0, by factoring: (4x-40)(3x-10) = 0
4x = 40
x =10
3x = 10
x = 3.33 in
Substitute x = 3.33 in (1):
V = [20 – 2(3.33)]2 (3.33) = 592.59 cubic in.

84. The cost of C of a product is a function of the quantity x of the product: C(x) = x2 -
4000 x + 50. Find the quantity for which the cost is minimum.
A. 1000 C. 2000
B. 1500 D. 3000
2
Solution: C = x – 4000x + 50
dC
= 2x – 4000 = 0
dx
0 = 2x – 4000 2x = 4000 x = 2000 units.

85. A fencing is limited to 20 ft. length. What is the maximum rectangular area that
can be fenced in using two perpendicular corner sides of an existing wall?
A. 120 C. 140
 B. 100 D. 190
Solution: x + y = 20
y = 20 – x 
A = xy 
Substitute (1) in (2): A = x(20-x) = 20x – x2
dA
= 20 – 2x = 0
dx
0 = 20 – 2x x = 10 ft.
Substitute x = 10 and y = 10 in (2): y = 20 – 10 = 10 ft.

86. If a 10 kg piece of copper falls 100m, how much heat might be produced?
A. 3.81 kCal C. 2300 Cal
B. 32 BTU D. 9.41 kJ
Solution: PE = mgh = 10(9.81)(100)
PE = 9810 J
Let: Q = heat, assuming no losses, the total heat equals the initial PE
of the copper
Cal
Q = 9810 j x =2335.714 Cal
4.2J
1BTU
= 2335.714 Cal x = 9.268 BTU, Note: from the
252 Cal
choices, the nearest answer is 2300 Cal

87. What average force is necessary to stop a .45 caliber bullet of mass of 15 grams
and speed of 300 m/s as it penetrates a block to a distance of 5 cm?
A. 12.5 kN C. 13.5 kN
B. 13.0 kN D. 12.0kN
Solution: Word done by retarding force = initial kinetic energy of the bullet
1
F(s) = mV2
2
1
F(0.05) = (0.015)(300)2 = 13,500 N F = 13.5 kN
2

88. A block of wood floats in water with 5 cm projecting above the water surface. When
placed in glycerine of specific gravity of 1.35, the block projects 7.5 cm above the liquid.
Determine its specific gravity.
A. 0.514 C. 0.836
B. 0.704 D. 0.658
Solution: Let: A = base area
h = height of the wood
W = BF1
([Link].w)(water)(Vt) = (water)VD
[Link].w (Ah) = A(h-5)
h 5
[Link].w = 
h
 W = BF2
([Link].w)(water)(Vt) = (water)VD
[Link].w (Ah) = (1.35)(h-7.5)
1.35(h  7.5)
[Link].w = 
h
h  5 1.35(h  7.5)
Equate (1) and (2): =
h h
h – 5 = 1.35h – 10.125
h = 14.64 cm.
Substitute in (1):
14.64  5
[Link].w = = 0.658
14.64

89. How long must a current of 5 amperes pass through a 10-ohm resistor until a
charge of 1200 coulombs passes through?
A. 3 min. C. 4 min.
B. 1 min. D. 2 min.
Solution: Q =lt
1200 = 5(t)
1 min
t = 240 sec x = 4 minutes, Note: ampere = coulomb/sec.
60 sec
90. Two forces of 20 units and 30 units act at right angle. What is the magnitude of
the resultant force?
A. 36 C. 40
B. 42 D. 44
Solution: R = (20)2  (30) 2
R = 36 units

91. A beam rests on a fulcrum, 1.2 m from one end. A weight of 350 kg is suspended
from this end causing the beam to balance. If the weight of 350 kg is suspended on the
opposite end of the beam, it is necessary to suspend a 1000 kg weight on the first end in
order to effect an even balance. Find the length of the beam?
A. 2.48 m C. 3.43 m
B. 3.24 m D. 4.21 m
Solution: MC = 0
WB (0.5X-1.2) = 350(1.2)
420
WB = 
0.5x  1.2
MC = 0
350(x - 1.2) + WB (0.5X-1.2) = 1000(1.2)
1200  350(x  1.2)
WB = 
0.5x  1.2
Equate (1) to (2):
 420 1200  350(x  1.2)
=
0.5x  1.2 0.5x  1.2
420 = 1200 – 350x + 420
350x = 1200 x = 3.43 m

92. A 600 N block rests in a surface inclined at 30°. Determine the horizontal force P
required to prevent the block from sliding down. Angle of friction between the block and
the inclined plane is 15°.
A. 160.75 N C. 164.60 N
B. 198.55 N D. 190.45 N
Solution: FX = 0
P cos  + F = W sin 
P cos  +  n = W sin 
P cos 30° + tan 15° N = 600 sin 30°
300  0.866P
P= 
0.268
FY = 0
N = W cos  + P sin 
N = 600 cos 30° + P sin 30°
N = 519.6 + 0.5 P 
Equate (1) to (2):
300  0.866P
= 519.6 + 0.5 P P = 160.75 Newtons
0.268

93. At what angle does the force F = 6.23i – 2.38j + 4.92k N makes with the x-axis?
A. 39.2° C. 41.3°
B. 40.2° D. 42.2°
Solution: r= (6.23)2  (2.38)2  (4.92)2 = 8.287
d= (2.38)2  (4.92)2 = 5.465
By cosine law:
d2 = r2 + x2 – 2(r)(x) cos 
(5.465)2 = (8.287)2 + (6.23)2 – 2(8.287)(6.23) cos 
cos  = 0.7517339
 = 41.3°

94. If you borrowed money from your friend with simple interest of 12%, find the
present worth of P 50,000, which is due at the end of 7 months.
A. P 46,200 C. P 46, 730
B. P 44,893 D. P 45,789
Solution: F = P (1 + in)
  60  
50,000 = P 1  0.08  
  360  
P = P 46730
95. The amount of P 12,800 in 4 years at 5% compounded quarterly is
A. P 14,785.34 C. P 16,311.26
B. P 15,614.59 D. P 15,847.33
n
Solution: F = P (1 + i)
where: i = 0.05/4 = 0.0125
n = 4(4) = 16
F = 12,800(1 + 0.0125)16
F = 15,614.59

96. Alexander Michael owes P 25,000.00 due in 1 year and P 75,000 due in 4 years.
He agrees to pay P 50,000.00 today and the balance in 2 years. How much must he pay at
the end of two years if money is worth 5% compounded semi-annually?
A. P 38,025.28 C. P 30,500.55
B. P 35,021.25 D. P 39,021.28
Solution: Solving for the effective rate per year.
2 2
 i  0.05 
ER = 1   - 1 = 1   - 1 = 0.050625
 2  2 
 P  25, 000 75, 000
50,000 +  2 
= +
 (1  i)  (1  i)1 (1  i) 4
P 25,000 75, 000
50,000 + = +
(1  0.050625) 2
(1  0.050625) (1  0.050625) 4
1

P = 39,021.28

97. If P 50,000 is deposited at a rate of 11.25% compounded monthly, determine

the compounded interest after 7 years and 9 months.
A. P 401,170 C. P 521,170
B. P 421,170 D. P 621,170
Solution: n = 2(1993 – 1998) = 10
i = 0.24/2 = 0.12
F = P (1+i)n = 200,000(1+0.12)10
F = 621,170

98. A young engineer borrowed P 10,000 at 12% interest and paid P2,000 per annum
for the last 4 years. What does he have to pay at the end of the fifth year in order to pay
off his loan?
A. P 6,919.28 C. P 6,074.00
B. P 5,674.00 D. P 3,296.00
Solution: P1 + P2 = 10,000
A (1  i) n  1 F
+ = 10,000
(1  i) i
n
(1  i) n
2000 (1  0.12) 4  1 F
+ = 10,000
(1  0.12) 0.12
n
(1  0.12)5
F = 6,917.72
99. Mr. Ayala borrows P 100,000 at 10% effective annual interest. He must pay
back the loan over 30 years with uniform monthly payments due on the first day of each
month. What does Mr. Ayala pay each month?
A. P 870.00 C. P 878.00
B. P 846.00 D. P 839.00
Solution: Solving for the interest rate per month:
12
 i 
i + 1 = 1  
 12 
12
 i 
1.10 = 1  
 12 
i
= 0.007974
12
Total number of payments = 12(30) = 360
Borrowed money = A + P
A (1  0.007974)359  1
100,000 = A +
(1  0.007974)359 (0.007974)
A = 839

100. A man paid 10% down payment of P 200,000 for a house and lot and agreed
to pay the balance on monthly installments for “x” years at an interest rate of 15%
compounded monthly. If the monthly installment was P 42,821.87, find the value of x?
A. 11 C. 5
B. 9 D. 7
Solution: Down payment = 10% of Cost of house and lot
200,000 = 0.10 (Cost)
Cost = 2,000.00
Balance = Cost – Down payment
= 2,000,000 – 200,000
= 1,800,000
i = 0.15 / 12 = 0.0125
A (1  i) n  1
P=
(1  i) n i
42,821.87 (1  0.0125)12x  1
1,800,000 =
(1  0.0125)12x (0.0125)
(1.0125)12x – 1 = 0.52543 (1.0125)12x
(1.0125)12x = 2.1072
Take log on both sides:
12x log 1.0125 = log 2.1072
x = 5 years