Experiment No.
_1_
Embuscado, Rafael Inigo, S.
Group No. _4_
ANSWERS TO EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:
A. Operation of Bunsen burner:
1.) Sketch the busen burner. Label all the parts and state the functions of each.
[Link] are the two kinds of Bunsen flame? State the condition at which each can be obtained.
-Luminous flame is formed when the airhole is closed thus the gas will only mix with surrounding air at the point of combustion at the top of the burner and is
yellow due to an incomplete reaction. It is also caused by the small soot particles which is carbon in the flame.
-Non-luminous flame is formed when the air hole is partially open and is less visible to the backgrounds. The hottest part of the flame is the tip of the inner
flame, while the coolest is the whole inner flame. The non-luminous flame is due to the sufficient air flow when the air hole is partially open and that cause a
complete combustion
[Link] on your observation, which flame is more advantageous to use? Why?
-for us, the flame that is more. Advantageous to use is non-luminous, because non-luminous is hotter than luminous flame.
[Link] a non-luminous flame. Label the parts. Indicate the relative temp
eratures of each part.
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS:
A. Operation of Bunsen burner
-a Bunsen burner is a gas fueled device used for heating or burning materials in
[Link] produces an open flame which can be very hot. Bunsen burnen
provide safe, efficient heat when used properly
To properly operate the Bunsen burner you must first control the gas and the air
supply to have the wanted amount of flame. You always need to be cautious
about using the Bunsen burner because it might become out of control and cause
some serious injuries.
B. Luminous and non-luminous flame
--luminous flames are the orange ones while the non-luminous flames are
normally blue and difficult to see from afar. The luminous flames can be
achieved by closing the air-holes of the Bunsen burner. On the other hand the
blue flames of the non-luminous flames can be achieve by opening the air hole.
C. Glass manipulation
-For cutting the glass tubing, you must heat the tube to soften the specific parts.
Also make sure to distribute the flame on the tubing to make sure that you heat
the part of the glass tubing equally.
CONCLUSION:
The Bunsen burner is a very dangerous
equipment in the lab. You should be really
careful of using itto avoid any serious injury.
Make sure to make a background on the
device so that you can use it properly.
When cutting glass tubes, as a precautionary
method make sure that you wear proper gears
like lab coat gloves and safety glasses to
lessen the degree of injury in case something
[Link] be awae of your surroundings
when doing the process, make sure no one is
close enough to catch fire
REFERENCES:
[Link]
[Link]
Basis of comparison Luminous flame Non-luminous flame
Color of flame Orange Blue
Number of cones 1 3
Nature of air holes Closed Open
Color of the bottow of the test Black Nothing happens
tube
Time for water to boil 58 seconds 28 seconds
Uses Torch, lightened candle Light bulb, sun and
stars
B. Glass manipulation
3) why must a glass tubing be fine polished before it is used?
-to seal the small cracks in the end, and also to reduce chance of having fractures
from the cracks.
4)enumerate some precautionary measures to be observed during glass working.
-set the Bunsen burner to non-luminous flame.
-hold the glass tubing carefully.
-avoid holding the part of glass tubing that is being heated.
Documentation:
