Electric Current Problem Set
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Ahmed AbdelghanyElectric Current Problem Set
Uploaded by
Ahmed AbdelghanyCommon questions
Powered by AIPotential difference (voltage) is calculated as energy per charge. For electrons, the charge is approximately 1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs. The potential difference V between B and C with 3 pJ (or 3 x 10^-12 J) energy is V = (3 x 10^-12 J) / (1.602 x 10^-19 C), approximately 18.73 V with a positive reference at C .
Power P = V^2/R for a resistor (100 Ω). For voltage -2 ≤ V ≤ 2, plot P as parabola opening upwards on V-axis: P = V^2/100. Symmetrical about V=0, vertex at origin with P equaling 0 at V=0 and increasing as voltage increases or decreases squaredly .
For fixed conductance (10 mS), current through it varies directly with applied voltage. Constant input leads to constant current; exponential decays yield similarly decaying current geometries; sinusoidal voltages create proportionate sinusoidal currents. Circuit behaviors fluctuate based on these voltage patterns, directly analyzed with Ohm's law .
For 1 W power, P = VI, where V is determined by the dependent source's relationship to ix. Solving the circuit's power equation with dependency conditions (typically V = k * ix, where k is a given constant), equate P = k * ix * ix = 1, requiring ix = sqrt(1/k).
The average value of one period of a periodic waveform is computed by integrating the current over one period and dividing by the period. If the current integrates to zero due to symmetrical positive and negative phases (as suggested by sinusoidal trends common in electrical analysis), then the average over an 8 s period is zero. Without specific waveform data, graphical symmetry indicates this result .
Current i(t) is calculated as i(t) = G * V(t) where G = 10 mS or 0.01 S. For V(t) = 100e^{-2t} V, i(t) = 0.01 * 100e^{-2t} = e^{-2t} A, an exponential decay current matching voltage trend .
To determine when the current is zero, take the derivative of the charge function, q(t)=10t^2−22t, to find the current function, i(t). The current function is i(t) = dq/dt = 20t - 22. Set i(t) = 0 to find when the current is zero: 20t - 22 = 0, which solves to t = 1.1 s. Therefore, the current flowing into the device is zero at t = 1.1 s in the interval 0 ≤ t < 5 s .
Resistance R = V/I and conductance G = 1/R = I/V. From I-V graph info following passive convention, calculate the slope (I/V), representing conductance. Extract resistance as the inverse for elements on the graph in Fig. 1.4 by analyzing voltage and current ratios .
Power P = VI. For 12 V, minimum I = 12 W / 12 V = 1 A and maximum I = 100 W / 12 V about 8.33 A. The fuse must allow ≥ 1 A and should blow < 8.33 A. A 4 A fuse is optimal—it allows above the minimum but blows under maximum safe current .
The function i(t) = 114 sin(100πt) crosses zero whenever the sine function is zero. The sine function is zero whenever 100πt is an integer multiple of π, meaning t = n/100 for integers n. From t = 0 to t = 2 s, n can be 0, 1, 2, ..., 200, but zero crossings include positive and negative integers, giving a total of 200 zero crossings, or 100 times i(t) equals zero .